Geography 2051 Exam 2 –Namikas
(LSU)||Latest Exam With Over 200
Most Tested Questions And Correct
Verified Answers||Graded A+
Weathering -CORRECT ANSWER the breakdown of earth materials into smaller
components
Physical Weathering -CORRECT ANSWER involves physical forces (pushing/pulling)
breaking down earth materials
Chemical Weathering -CORRECT ANSWER the process that breaks down rock
through molecular changes using water
Parent Material -CORRECT ANSWER The original rock or soil type
Regolith -CORRECT ANSWER the substance that parent materials of rocks break
down into before turning into soil
Soil -CORRECT ANSWER the result of weathering of rock from parent material to
regolith then to this substance
What are some factors/controls of weathering?
**LOOK AT NOTES** -CORRECT ANSWER -Nature of Parent Materials/Rocks
-Climate (moisture levels & temperatures)
-Hydrology
-Topography
-Vegetation
Jointing & it's effects on rocks -CORRECT ANSWER joints are cracks in rocks; they
affect the solubility and rate of weathering in/on rocks
Moh's Hardness Scale -CORRECT ANSWER A scale ranking ten minerals from softest
to hardest; used in testing the hardness of minerals
How does climate affect weathering? -CORRECT ANSWER Precipitation influences
how strong/weak weathering is, as well as rates
& temperature influences which type of weathering occurs
What type of weathering occurs in hot climates? -CORRECT ANSWER Chemical
weathering
,What type of weathering occurs in cold climates? -CORRECT ANSWER Physical
weathering
Hydrology -CORRECT ANSWER the study of movement of water
How does hydrology affect weathering? -CORRECT ANSWER It influences the rates &
strength of weathering
(more exposed to water=higher rate of weathering)
Topography -CORRECT ANSWER the shape and physical character of Earth's surface
Microclimate -CORRECT ANSWER very small areas in which topography and
hydrology affect vegetation and water movement (which in turn affects weathering)
Vegetation such as root wedge/root pry _____ weathering -CORRECT ANSWER
enhance
Vegetation such as biological controls ____ weathering -CORRECT ANSWER inhibit
Most physical weathering processes result in... -CORRECT ANSWER jagged pieces
Most chemical weathering processes result in... -CORRECT ANSWER rounded pieces
What are some types of physical weathering processes? -CORRECT ANSWER -frost
action/freeze-thaw
-root wedging
-crystallization
-pressure-release (exfoliation/spalling)
Root Wedging -CORRECT ANSWER a physical weathering process in which plant
roots break rocks apart
Crystallization (aka salt wedging) -CORRECT ANSWER a physical weathering process
in which salt crystals grow in pore spaces on a rock's surface and dislodge individual
mineral grains within the rock
Pressure-Release (Exfoliation/Spalling) -CORRECT ANSWER the tremendous
pressure rocks are exposed to at the surface causes them to break
Frost Action (aka Freeze-Thaw) -CORRECT ANSWER water that's between cracks in
rocks freezes and thaws & causes the rock to shatter
What are some examples of chemical weathering processes? -CORRECT ANSWER -
oxidation
-hydrolysis
, -carbonation
-solution
Oxidation -CORRECT ANSWER commonly known as "rusting"; oxides in rock
formations cause weakness and allow rocks to break down
Hydrolysis -CORRECT ANSWER the chemical breakdown of a compound due to
reaction with water (water breaks down feldspar in granite)
Carbonation -CORRECT ANSWER process by which minerals reacts with carbonic
acid; effective in attacking limestones
Solution -CORRECT ANSWER a mixture that forms when one substance dissolves
another (carbonation is an example)
Karst Topography -CORRECT ANSWER a region in which a layer of limestone close to
the surface creates deep valleys, caverns and sinkholes.
Limestone -CORRECT ANSWER a sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that
was deposited by the remains of marine animals
Tower Karst -CORRECT ANSWER large, rounded outcrops of limestone (aka Haystack
Karst)
Pinnacle Karst -CORRECT ANSWER pinnacle-like remnants of an eroding limestone
surface produced by accelerated carbonation in the humid tropics (very rugged terrain)
Sinkholes -CORRECT ANSWER a depression in earth's surface that results from the
weathering of carbonate rock underground
Collapse (sinkholes) -CORRECT ANSWER surface material collapses into a cavern
(empty areas below the ground)
Karst Valleys -CORRECT ANSWER short and small valleys that appear as stream
valleys without streams; numerous sinkholes converging together
Disappearing Streams -CORRECT ANSWER streams that flow into a sinkhole and
disappear
Caves/Caverns are both ___ and ___ in nature -CORRECT ANSWER erosional &
depositional
Erosional Cavern -CORRECT ANSWER the empty space below earth's surface was
originally limestone, but eroded over time
(LSU)||Latest Exam With Over 200
Most Tested Questions And Correct
Verified Answers||Graded A+
Weathering -CORRECT ANSWER the breakdown of earth materials into smaller
components
Physical Weathering -CORRECT ANSWER involves physical forces (pushing/pulling)
breaking down earth materials
Chemical Weathering -CORRECT ANSWER the process that breaks down rock
through molecular changes using water
Parent Material -CORRECT ANSWER The original rock or soil type
Regolith -CORRECT ANSWER the substance that parent materials of rocks break
down into before turning into soil
Soil -CORRECT ANSWER the result of weathering of rock from parent material to
regolith then to this substance
What are some factors/controls of weathering?
**LOOK AT NOTES** -CORRECT ANSWER -Nature of Parent Materials/Rocks
-Climate (moisture levels & temperatures)
-Hydrology
-Topography
-Vegetation
Jointing & it's effects on rocks -CORRECT ANSWER joints are cracks in rocks; they
affect the solubility and rate of weathering in/on rocks
Moh's Hardness Scale -CORRECT ANSWER A scale ranking ten minerals from softest
to hardest; used in testing the hardness of minerals
How does climate affect weathering? -CORRECT ANSWER Precipitation influences
how strong/weak weathering is, as well as rates
& temperature influences which type of weathering occurs
What type of weathering occurs in hot climates? -CORRECT ANSWER Chemical
weathering
,What type of weathering occurs in cold climates? -CORRECT ANSWER Physical
weathering
Hydrology -CORRECT ANSWER the study of movement of water
How does hydrology affect weathering? -CORRECT ANSWER It influences the rates &
strength of weathering
(more exposed to water=higher rate of weathering)
Topography -CORRECT ANSWER the shape and physical character of Earth's surface
Microclimate -CORRECT ANSWER very small areas in which topography and
hydrology affect vegetation and water movement (which in turn affects weathering)
Vegetation such as root wedge/root pry _____ weathering -CORRECT ANSWER
enhance
Vegetation such as biological controls ____ weathering -CORRECT ANSWER inhibit
Most physical weathering processes result in... -CORRECT ANSWER jagged pieces
Most chemical weathering processes result in... -CORRECT ANSWER rounded pieces
What are some types of physical weathering processes? -CORRECT ANSWER -frost
action/freeze-thaw
-root wedging
-crystallization
-pressure-release (exfoliation/spalling)
Root Wedging -CORRECT ANSWER a physical weathering process in which plant
roots break rocks apart
Crystallization (aka salt wedging) -CORRECT ANSWER a physical weathering process
in which salt crystals grow in pore spaces on a rock's surface and dislodge individual
mineral grains within the rock
Pressure-Release (Exfoliation/Spalling) -CORRECT ANSWER the tremendous
pressure rocks are exposed to at the surface causes them to break
Frost Action (aka Freeze-Thaw) -CORRECT ANSWER water that's between cracks in
rocks freezes and thaws & causes the rock to shatter
What are some examples of chemical weathering processes? -CORRECT ANSWER -
oxidation
-hydrolysis
, -carbonation
-solution
Oxidation -CORRECT ANSWER commonly known as "rusting"; oxides in rock
formations cause weakness and allow rocks to break down
Hydrolysis -CORRECT ANSWER the chemical breakdown of a compound due to
reaction with water (water breaks down feldspar in granite)
Carbonation -CORRECT ANSWER process by which minerals reacts with carbonic
acid; effective in attacking limestones
Solution -CORRECT ANSWER a mixture that forms when one substance dissolves
another (carbonation is an example)
Karst Topography -CORRECT ANSWER a region in which a layer of limestone close to
the surface creates deep valleys, caverns and sinkholes.
Limestone -CORRECT ANSWER a sedimentary rock consisting mainly of calcium that
was deposited by the remains of marine animals
Tower Karst -CORRECT ANSWER large, rounded outcrops of limestone (aka Haystack
Karst)
Pinnacle Karst -CORRECT ANSWER pinnacle-like remnants of an eroding limestone
surface produced by accelerated carbonation in the humid tropics (very rugged terrain)
Sinkholes -CORRECT ANSWER a depression in earth's surface that results from the
weathering of carbonate rock underground
Collapse (sinkholes) -CORRECT ANSWER surface material collapses into a cavern
(empty areas below the ground)
Karst Valleys -CORRECT ANSWER short and small valleys that appear as stream
valleys without streams; numerous sinkholes converging together
Disappearing Streams -CORRECT ANSWER streams that flow into a sinkhole and
disappear
Caves/Caverns are both ___ and ___ in nature -CORRECT ANSWER erosional &
depositional
Erosional Cavern -CORRECT ANSWER the empty space below earth's surface was
originally limestone, but eroded over time
