TESTOUT NETWORK PRO COMPREHENSIVE
EXAM 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
◍ Client-Server Network -A network model where all hosts on the
network are connected to a server that has a specific function/functions.
More scalable compared to a P2P network.
◍ Bus Topology (Logical) -All data is transferred via one path and every
host connected to the network receives the data. If the host isn't the
intended recipient, it discards the data. Data transfer is half-duplex.
◍ Bus Topology (Physical) -All data is transferred via a trunk
cable/central medium that connects to all the hosts and servers. Mostly
phased out now due to its main flaw: no redundancy and single point-of-
failure.
◍ Ring Topology (Logical) -All data is transferred unidirectionally from
one host to the next. To get the data from sender to recipient, data is
transferred from sender, through all intermediary nodes, then to the
recipient. Data transfer is half-duplex.
, ◍ Ring Topology (Physical) -Every host is connected unidirectionally to
the next until a 'ring' of connections are formed. Main benefit is that only
one host can send information at a time, ensuring low packet collision.
◍ Dual-Ring Topology -Similar to a physical ring topology, except 2
rings are formed, one for sending data and one for receiving. Data
transfer is still technically half-duplex, with the network relying on two
separate connections for sending and receiving.
◍ Star Topology (Logical) -Every host in a star topology is connected to
a central node that has connections to other hosts, and data sent &
received via said central node. Data transfer is full-duplex.
◍ Star Topology (Physical) -Every host is connected to router, hub, or
switch that is responsible for transferring the sender's data to the
recipient (inside or outside the network). The main benefit of a physical
star topology is the ease of data management. Data transfer is full-
duplex.
◍ Mesh Topology (Logical) -Every host is interconnected with all other
hosts and servers on the network, with the primary benefit being
redundancy. Data transfer is full-duplex.
◍ Mesh Topology (Physical) -Every host is interconnected via a data
transfer medium (wired/wireless) to other hosts and servers, and
EXAM 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
◍ Client-Server Network -A network model where all hosts on the
network are connected to a server that has a specific function/functions.
More scalable compared to a P2P network.
◍ Bus Topology (Logical) -All data is transferred via one path and every
host connected to the network receives the data. If the host isn't the
intended recipient, it discards the data. Data transfer is half-duplex.
◍ Bus Topology (Physical) -All data is transferred via a trunk
cable/central medium that connects to all the hosts and servers. Mostly
phased out now due to its main flaw: no redundancy and single point-of-
failure.
◍ Ring Topology (Logical) -All data is transferred unidirectionally from
one host to the next. To get the data from sender to recipient, data is
transferred from sender, through all intermediary nodes, then to the
recipient. Data transfer is half-duplex.
, ◍ Ring Topology (Physical) -Every host is connected unidirectionally to
the next until a 'ring' of connections are formed. Main benefit is that only
one host can send information at a time, ensuring low packet collision.
◍ Dual-Ring Topology -Similar to a physical ring topology, except 2
rings are formed, one for sending data and one for receiving. Data
transfer is still technically half-duplex, with the network relying on two
separate connections for sending and receiving.
◍ Star Topology (Logical) -Every host in a star topology is connected to
a central node that has connections to other hosts, and data sent &
received via said central node. Data transfer is full-duplex.
◍ Star Topology (Physical) -Every host is connected to router, hub, or
switch that is responsible for transferring the sender's data to the
recipient (inside or outside the network). The main benefit of a physical
star topology is the ease of data management. Data transfer is full-
duplex.
◍ Mesh Topology (Logical) -Every host is interconnected with all other
hosts and servers on the network, with the primary benefit being
redundancy. Data transfer is full-duplex.
◍ Mesh Topology (Physical) -Every host is interconnected via a data
transfer medium (wired/wireless) to other hosts and servers, and
