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Advanced Pathophysiology NURS 6501 Final Exam
Prep Questions and Correct Answers/ Nurs 6501
Final Exam Week 11
How are cells specialized? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ through the
process of differentiation or maturation
What are the eight specialized cellular functions? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ movement, conductivity, metabolic
absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration,
reproduction, and communication
What are the three general components of an eukaryotic
cell? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ the plasma membrane, the
cytoplasm, and the intracellular organelles.
What causes the release of lysosomal enzemes? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ Cellular injury causing cellular self-
digestion
What is the location and function of the nucleus? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ the largest membrane-bound organelle
and is found usually in the cell's center. The chief
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functions of the nucleus are cell division and control of
genetic information.
What is Cytoplasm? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ an aqueous
solution (cytosol) that fills the space between the nucleus
and the plasma membrane.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum and what does it
specialize in? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ a network of tubular
channels (cisternae) that extend throughout the outer
nuclear membrane. It specializes in the synthesis and
transport of protein and lipid components of most of the
organelles
What is the Golgi complex and what does it do? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ a network of smooth membranes and
vesicles located near the nucleus. The Golgi complex is
responsible for processing and packaging proteins into
secretory vesicles
What are lysosomes and what do they do? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ saclike structures that originate from the
Golgi complex and contain digestive enzymes. These
enzymes are responsible for digesting most cellular
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substances to their basic form, such as amino acids, fatty
acids, and carbohydrates
What are peroxisomes? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ involved in the
production and breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
Importance of proteins in disease - ...ANSWER...✓✓ The
major workhorses of the cell, if misfolded they can cause
diseases
What are mitochondria responsible for? - ...ANSWER...✓✓
. Mitochondria contain the metabolic machinery
necessary for cellular energy metabolism (Makes ATP).
What is the cytoskeleton? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ the "bone
and muscle" of the cell. The internal skeleton is
composed of a network of protein filaments, including
microtubules and actin filaments (microfilaments).
What is the plasma membrane? - ...ANSWER...✓✓
encloses the cell and, by controlling the movement of
substances across it, exerts a powerful influence on
metabolic pathways
Advanced Pathophysiology NURS 6501 Final Exam
Prep Questions and Correct Answers/ Nurs 6501
Final Exam Week 11
How are cells specialized? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ through the
process of differentiation or maturation
What are the eight specialized cellular functions? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ movement, conductivity, metabolic
absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration,
reproduction, and communication
What are the three general components of an eukaryotic
cell? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ the plasma membrane, the
cytoplasm, and the intracellular organelles.
What causes the release of lysosomal enzemes? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ Cellular injury causing cellular self-
digestion
What is the location and function of the nucleus? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ the largest membrane-bound organelle
and is found usually in the cell's center. The chief
,2|Page
functions of the nucleus are cell division and control of
genetic information.
What is Cytoplasm? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ an aqueous
solution (cytosol) that fills the space between the nucleus
and the plasma membrane.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum and what does it
specialize in? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ a network of tubular
channels (cisternae) that extend throughout the outer
nuclear membrane. It specializes in the synthesis and
transport of protein and lipid components of most of the
organelles
What is the Golgi complex and what does it do? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ a network of smooth membranes and
vesicles located near the nucleus. The Golgi complex is
responsible for processing and packaging proteins into
secretory vesicles
What are lysosomes and what do they do? -
...ANSWER...✓✓ saclike structures that originate from the
Golgi complex and contain digestive enzymes. These
enzymes are responsible for digesting most cellular
, 3|Page
substances to their basic form, such as amino acids, fatty
acids, and carbohydrates
What are peroxisomes? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ involved in the
production and breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
Importance of proteins in disease - ...ANSWER...✓✓ The
major workhorses of the cell, if misfolded they can cause
diseases
What are mitochondria responsible for? - ...ANSWER...✓✓
. Mitochondria contain the metabolic machinery
necessary for cellular energy metabolism (Makes ATP).
What is the cytoskeleton? - ...ANSWER...✓✓ the "bone
and muscle" of the cell. The internal skeleton is
composed of a network of protein filaments, including
microtubules and actin filaments (microfilaments).
What is the plasma membrane? - ...ANSWER...✓✓
encloses the cell and, by controlling the movement of
substances across it, exerts a powerful influence on
metabolic pathways
