Pharmacology Exam Preparation: Key Questions and Model Answers
" A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for chlorothiazide to treat hypertension.
the nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects
a. thrombophlebitis
b. hyperactive reflexes.
c. muscle weakness
d. hypoglycemia ---Correct Ans---muscle weakness
"A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis who has a prescription for an
intravenous infusion of insulin. the nurse should document that which of the following types of
insulin was administered intravenously to treat ketoacidosis?
a. regular insulin
b. insulin lispro
c. insulin aspart
d. insulin glargine ---Correct Ans---regular insulin
"a nurse is assessing a client with rheumatoid arthritis who has been taking high doses of
prescribed hydroxychloroquine. which of the following client statement should indicate to the
nurse that the client is experiencing adverse effects of hydroxychloroquine?
a. I have developed sores in my mouth
b. I often feel like the room is spinning.
c. I noticed that the whites of my eyes look yellow.
d. I have had a change in my vision recently ---Correct Ans---I have had a change in my vision
"A nurse is preparing to administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet to a client who is reporting
chest pain. for which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor after giving this
medication?
a. hypotension
,myalgia
c. diarrhea
d. ototoxicity ---Correct Ans---hypotension
a nurse is administering brimonidine eye drops to a client who has glaucoma which of the
following ocular effect should the nurse expect?
a. a decreased intraocular pressure
b. blocked growth of new blood vessel
c. paralysis of accommodation
d. mydriasis ---Correct Ans---
a nurse is planning to administer epoetin alfa to client who has chronic kidney failure. which of
the following should the nurse plan to review prior to administering this medication
a. blood pressure
b. temperature
c. blood glucose levels
d. total protein level ---Correct Ans---blood pressure
a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has chronic constipation and a new prescription for
psyllium(phyllium causes constipation) which of the following instruction should the nurse
consider
a. this medication is for short-term use only
b. you should eat a low-residual diet while taking this medication.
c. mix this medication with water and follow with an additional glass of liquid
d. the medication's adverse effects of stomach cramps and nausea will go away in time ---
Correct Ans---mix this medication with water and follow with an additional glass of liquid
,a nurse is providing teaching to a client with hypertension and type 1 diabetes mellitus who has
a new prescription for metoprolol. which of the following statement by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching
a. i might have difficulty recognizing when my blood sugar is low
b. i will have a lower risk of developing an infection while i take this medication
c. i should be concerned about losing excess weight while i take this medication
d. i could have more problems with high blood sugar while taking this medication ---Correct
Ans---i might have difficulty recognizing when my blood sugar is low
a nurse is caring for a client who has severe asthma and allergic rhinitis. the client is taking
theophylline. which of the following medications should the nurse identify as being
incompatible with theophylline
a. cromolyn
b. albuterol
c. zafirlukast
d. methylprednisolone ---Correct Ans---zafirlukast
a nurse is assessing a client who began taking clozapine (adverse effect: myocarditis: chest pain,
palpitation, cardiac arrhythmias, dyspnea) 3 weeks ago. which of the following findings should
the nurse report to the provider immediately?
a. tachypnea and tachycardia.
b. abdominal pain and constipation
c. enuresis and polyuria
d. dry mouth and blurred vision ---Correct Ans---tachypnea and tachycardia
digoxin toxicity (eat high potassium content)
a. hyperkalemia
b. hypokalemia
, c. cough
d. sweat ---Correct Ans---hypokalemia
a nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving lactulose for cirrhosis. which of the following
laboratory values related to this medication should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is
effective
a. increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
b. decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
c. increased prothrombin time (PT)
d. decreased serum ammonia ---Correct Ans---decrease serum ammonia
a nurse is providing teaching a client who has a new prescription for hyrochlorothiazide 50 mg
PO daily to treat hypertension. which of the following instruction should the nurse include in
the teaching
a. take hydrochlorothiazide as needed for edema
b. check your weight once each week
c. take hydrochl
orothiazide on an empty stomach
d. take hydrochlorothiaxide in the morning. (allow for diuresis during the day and to prevent
nocturia) ---Correct Ans---take hydrochlorothiaxide in the morning.(allow for diuresis during the
day and to prevent nocturia)
an 18-month-old toddler who has kawasaki disease (KD). the child is receiving intravenous
immune globulin (IVIG). the guardian asks the nurse to administer the child's scheduled
measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine before discharge. which of the following responses
should the nurse provide?
a. your child will not be able to receive the MMR vaccine for at least 3 months after discharge
b. i cannot administer routine vaccine to children while they are in the hospital
c. your child can receive the MMR vaccine once his fever is gone
" A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for chlorothiazide to treat hypertension.
the nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects
a. thrombophlebitis
b. hyperactive reflexes.
c. muscle weakness
d. hypoglycemia ---Correct Ans---muscle weakness
"A nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis who has a prescription for an
intravenous infusion of insulin. the nurse should document that which of the following types of
insulin was administered intravenously to treat ketoacidosis?
a. regular insulin
b. insulin lispro
c. insulin aspart
d. insulin glargine ---Correct Ans---regular insulin
"a nurse is assessing a client with rheumatoid arthritis who has been taking high doses of
prescribed hydroxychloroquine. which of the following client statement should indicate to the
nurse that the client is experiencing adverse effects of hydroxychloroquine?
a. I have developed sores in my mouth
b. I often feel like the room is spinning.
c. I noticed that the whites of my eyes look yellow.
d. I have had a change in my vision recently ---Correct Ans---I have had a change in my vision
"A nurse is preparing to administer a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet to a client who is reporting
chest pain. for which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor after giving this
medication?
a. hypotension
,myalgia
c. diarrhea
d. ototoxicity ---Correct Ans---hypotension
a nurse is administering brimonidine eye drops to a client who has glaucoma which of the
following ocular effect should the nurse expect?
a. a decreased intraocular pressure
b. blocked growth of new blood vessel
c. paralysis of accommodation
d. mydriasis ---Correct Ans---
a nurse is planning to administer epoetin alfa to client who has chronic kidney failure. which of
the following should the nurse plan to review prior to administering this medication
a. blood pressure
b. temperature
c. blood glucose levels
d. total protein level ---Correct Ans---blood pressure
a nurse is providing teaching to a client who has chronic constipation and a new prescription for
psyllium(phyllium causes constipation) which of the following instruction should the nurse
consider
a. this medication is for short-term use only
b. you should eat a low-residual diet while taking this medication.
c. mix this medication with water and follow with an additional glass of liquid
d. the medication's adverse effects of stomach cramps and nausea will go away in time ---
Correct Ans---mix this medication with water and follow with an additional glass of liquid
,a nurse is providing teaching to a client with hypertension and type 1 diabetes mellitus who has
a new prescription for metoprolol. which of the following statement by the client indicates an
understanding of the teaching
a. i might have difficulty recognizing when my blood sugar is low
b. i will have a lower risk of developing an infection while i take this medication
c. i should be concerned about losing excess weight while i take this medication
d. i could have more problems with high blood sugar while taking this medication ---Correct
Ans---i might have difficulty recognizing when my blood sugar is low
a nurse is caring for a client who has severe asthma and allergic rhinitis. the client is taking
theophylline. which of the following medications should the nurse identify as being
incompatible with theophylline
a. cromolyn
b. albuterol
c. zafirlukast
d. methylprednisolone ---Correct Ans---zafirlukast
a nurse is assessing a client who began taking clozapine (adverse effect: myocarditis: chest pain,
palpitation, cardiac arrhythmias, dyspnea) 3 weeks ago. which of the following findings should
the nurse report to the provider immediately?
a. tachypnea and tachycardia.
b. abdominal pain and constipation
c. enuresis and polyuria
d. dry mouth and blurred vision ---Correct Ans---tachypnea and tachycardia
digoxin toxicity (eat high potassium content)
a. hyperkalemia
b. hypokalemia
, c. cough
d. sweat ---Correct Ans---hypokalemia
a nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving lactulose for cirrhosis. which of the following
laboratory values related to this medication should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is
effective
a. increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
b. decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
c. increased prothrombin time (PT)
d. decreased serum ammonia ---Correct Ans---decrease serum ammonia
a nurse is providing teaching a client who has a new prescription for hyrochlorothiazide 50 mg
PO daily to treat hypertension. which of the following instruction should the nurse include in
the teaching
a. take hydrochlorothiazide as needed for edema
b. check your weight once each week
c. take hydrochl
orothiazide on an empty stomach
d. take hydrochlorothiaxide in the morning. (allow for diuresis during the day and to prevent
nocturia) ---Correct Ans---take hydrochlorothiaxide in the morning.(allow for diuresis during the
day and to prevent nocturia)
an 18-month-old toddler who has kawasaki disease (KD). the child is receiving intravenous
immune globulin (IVIG). the guardian asks the nurse to administer the child's scheduled
measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine before discharge. which of the following responses
should the nurse provide?
a. your child will not be able to receive the MMR vaccine for at least 3 months after discharge
b. i cannot administer routine vaccine to children while they are in the hospital
c. your child can receive the MMR vaccine once his fever is gone
