A Level Sociology – Victimology Exam with verified
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detailed solutions ||\\//||
Felson (2002) - correct answer✔✔NR and PV ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Opportunity Theory ||\\//||
Opportunity for some to commit a crime against, makes it more likely for you to be a victim. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
You are responsible for your own. How easy it is victimise a person. Links to those who have
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the power to abuse - powerful situation. E.g: Harry Shipman and Jimmy Savall. People not in
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a powerful situations - more at risk than people who are in powerful situations.
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Harriet Wilson - correct answer✔✔NR & PV ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Trouble from young people against old people. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Chaperonage - young people that are not being chaperoned - more likely to get into mischief ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
and more likely to become victims.
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Victim - correct answer✔✔a person harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a crime,
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accident, or other event or action. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Rob Webb.||\\//|| ||\\//||
The UN defines VICTIMS as those who have suffered harm (including mental, physical or
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emotional suffering, economic loss and impairment of their basic rights) through acts or ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
omissions that violate the laws of the state. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, Being a victim is not a random experience.
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Shown by: Official statistics, Victim Surveys and Self-report Studies.
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Victimology - correct answer✔✔the study of the victims of crime and the psychological ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
effects of their experience. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2 board types:
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- Positivist victimology.
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- Critical victimology.
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Nils Christie (1986) - correct answer✔✔Takes a diff approach - highlighting the notion that
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'victim' is socially constructed. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
The stereotype of the 'ideal victim' favoured by the media, public and CJS is a weak,
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innocent and blameless individual who is the target of a strangers attack. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Sally Raskoff - correct answer✔✔We tend to believe that women or females are more
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vulnerable to violence. ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Statistics and patterns - correct answer✔✔- Men > Women - victims of street or blue collar
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crime.
- Women > Men - more likely to be victim of intimate crime, to be murdered by relatives
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etc, and more likely to be victimised by strangers.
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- Young > Old - more like to be a victim.
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- Old > Young - more likely to be victimised.
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detailed solutions ||\\//||
Felson (2002) - correct answer✔✔NR and PV ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Opportunity Theory ||\\//||
Opportunity for some to commit a crime against, makes it more likely for you to be a victim. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
You are responsible for your own. How easy it is victimise a person. Links to those who have
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the power to abuse - powerful situation. E.g: Harry Shipman and Jimmy Savall. People not in
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a powerful situations - more at risk than people who are in powerful situations.
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Harriet Wilson - correct answer✔✔NR & PV ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Trouble from young people against old people. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Chaperonage - young people that are not being chaperoned - more likely to get into mischief ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
and more likely to become victims.
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Victim - correct answer✔✔a person harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a crime,
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accident, or other event or action. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Rob Webb.||\\//|| ||\\//||
The UN defines VICTIMS as those who have suffered harm (including mental, physical or
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
emotional suffering, economic loss and impairment of their basic rights) through acts or ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
omissions that violate the laws of the state. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
, Being a victim is not a random experience.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Shown by: Official statistics, Victim Surveys and Self-report Studies.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Victimology - correct answer✔✔the study of the victims of crime and the psychological ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
effects of their experience. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
2 board types:
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- Positivist victimology.
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- Critical victimology.
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Nils Christie (1986) - correct answer✔✔Takes a diff approach - highlighting the notion that
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
'victim' is socially constructed. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
The stereotype of the 'ideal victim' favoured by the media, public and CJS is a weak,
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
innocent and blameless individual who is the target of a strangers attack. ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Sally Raskoff - correct answer✔✔We tend to believe that women or females are more
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
vulnerable to violence. ||\\//|| ||\\//||
Statistics and patterns - correct answer✔✔- Men > Women - victims of street or blue collar
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crime.
- Women > Men - more likely to be victim of intimate crime, to be murdered by relatives
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etc, and more likely to be victimised by strangers.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Young > Old - more like to be a victim.
||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//|| ||\\//||
- Old > Young - more likely to be victimised.
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