NUR1212C FINAL EXAM (2025/2026)
Updated: EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ACCURATE ANSWERS | GET IT RIGHT
Health Belief Model
Belief that one may become ill leads to positive behaviors
Ex: smoking may lead to lung cancer, so the person quits smoking
Slit Lamp
patient places chin in chin rest and ophthalmologist uses light and microscope to
examine eye
Cornea, lens, and anterior vitreous humor
Corneal Staining
Fluorescein (dye) placed in the conjunctival sac and outlines irregularities on the
corneal surface.
Abrasions, ulcer, trauma or foreign bodies
Tonometry
Measures IOP - puff of air in the eye
Normal range: 10-21 mm/Hg
Fluoresein Angiography
,Detailed image of eye circulation & rapidly takes pictures
Helps assess problems of retinal circulation
Myopia
Nearsighted (can only see near)
Light refracts BEFORE the retina
Tests: Snellen chart, tumbling E chart
Tx: contacts, glasses or laser surgery
Hyperopia
Farsightedness (can only see far away)
Light refracts AFTER retina
Tests: Snellen & Tumbling E
Correction: Contacts, glasses, laser surgery or ocular implants
Presbyopia
AGE-RELATED farsightedness
Cataracts
,Cloudy area in the lens of the eye
faded color, double vision, halos, trouble seeing at night
Tx: SURGERY
Cataract Surgery
Pre-op: Rx eye drops, arrange transportation, stop blood thinners, no makeup, lotions or
perfumes, NPO 8 hrs before
Post-op: wear a clear plastic shield, do not rub your eyes, antibiotic and anti-
inflammatory drops, do not bend down, do not lift heavy objects, avoid ANYTHING that
^ IOP
Corneal abrasion
Scrape or scratch on the cornea.
Caused by trauma, a foreign body, contacts, malnutrition, dry eye syndrome, and some
cancer therapies.
Tx: ASAP to avoid ulceration
Gentamicin or prednisolone drops
Laser surgery
Corneal transplant
Artificial cornea
, Corneal ulceration
Deeper injury of the cornea than an abrasion.
EMERGENCY: Cornea does not have its own blood supply.
Tx: broad spectrum antibiotics
steroids
eyedrops every hour for 24 hrs
Keratoconus
occurs when the cornea becomes irregular and cone-shaped, causing blurring and
distortion of vision
Can be inherited or due to trauma.
Tx: Surgery - Keratoplasty
Keratoplasty
Corneal tissue is removed and replaced with tissue from a cornea from a donor
Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Age-related loss of area of central vision
Leading cause of blindness in 65+
Kind: Dry & Wet
Updated: EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ACCURATE ANSWERS | GET IT RIGHT
Health Belief Model
Belief that one may become ill leads to positive behaviors
Ex: smoking may lead to lung cancer, so the person quits smoking
Slit Lamp
patient places chin in chin rest and ophthalmologist uses light and microscope to
examine eye
Cornea, lens, and anterior vitreous humor
Corneal Staining
Fluorescein (dye) placed in the conjunctival sac and outlines irregularities on the
corneal surface.
Abrasions, ulcer, trauma or foreign bodies
Tonometry
Measures IOP - puff of air in the eye
Normal range: 10-21 mm/Hg
Fluoresein Angiography
,Detailed image of eye circulation & rapidly takes pictures
Helps assess problems of retinal circulation
Myopia
Nearsighted (can only see near)
Light refracts BEFORE the retina
Tests: Snellen chart, tumbling E chart
Tx: contacts, glasses or laser surgery
Hyperopia
Farsightedness (can only see far away)
Light refracts AFTER retina
Tests: Snellen & Tumbling E
Correction: Contacts, glasses, laser surgery or ocular implants
Presbyopia
AGE-RELATED farsightedness
Cataracts
,Cloudy area in the lens of the eye
faded color, double vision, halos, trouble seeing at night
Tx: SURGERY
Cataract Surgery
Pre-op: Rx eye drops, arrange transportation, stop blood thinners, no makeup, lotions or
perfumes, NPO 8 hrs before
Post-op: wear a clear plastic shield, do not rub your eyes, antibiotic and anti-
inflammatory drops, do not bend down, do not lift heavy objects, avoid ANYTHING that
^ IOP
Corneal abrasion
Scrape or scratch on the cornea.
Caused by trauma, a foreign body, contacts, malnutrition, dry eye syndrome, and some
cancer therapies.
Tx: ASAP to avoid ulceration
Gentamicin or prednisolone drops
Laser surgery
Corneal transplant
Artificial cornea
, Corneal ulceration
Deeper injury of the cornea than an abrasion.
EMERGENCY: Cornea does not have its own blood supply.
Tx: broad spectrum antibiotics
steroids
eyedrops every hour for 24 hrs
Keratoconus
occurs when the cornea becomes irregular and cone-shaped, causing blurring and
distortion of vision
Can be inherited or due to trauma.
Tx: Surgery - Keratoplasty
Keratoplasty
Corneal tissue is removed and replaced with tissue from a cornea from a donor
Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Age-related loss of area of central vision
Leading cause of blindness in 65+
Kind: Dry & Wet
