PSY 110: Exam 2 (Illinois State University) Questions
And Accurate Answers
Classical Conditioning - ANSWER type of learning through which an organism learns to
associate one stimulus with another
extinction - ANSWER in classical conditioning, the weakening and eventual disappearance of
the conditioned response as a result of repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus
without the unconditioned stimulus
higher-order conditioning - ANSWER occurs when unconditioned stimuli are linked together
to form a series of signals
generalization - ANSWER in classical conditioning, the tendency to make a conditioned
response to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus - ANSWER stimulus that elicits a specific unconditioned response
without prior learning (the dog's food)
Unconditioned Response - ANSWER response that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus
without prior learning (dog's salivation)
Conditioned Stimulus - ANSWER neutral stimulus that, after repeated pairing with an
, unconditioned stimulus, becomes associated with it and elicits a conditioned response (the
bell ringing)
Conditioned Response - ANSWER the learned response that comes to be elicited by a
conditioned stimulus as a result of its repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
(salivation to the bell)
Learned taste aversions - ANSWER intense dislike and/or avoidance of a certain food that has
been associated previously with nausea or discomfort
Shaping - ANSWER Operant conditioning technique that consists of gradually molding a
desired response be reinforcing any movement in the direction of the desired response,
thereby gradually guiding the responses toward the ultimate goal (closer and closer
approximations to the desired goal)
Positive Reinforcement - ANSWER pleasant or desirable consequence that follows a response
and increases the probability that the response will be repeated (ex: rat learns to press a lever
to receive food)
Negative Reinforcement - ANSWER termination of an unpleasant condition after a response,
which increases the probability that the response will be repeated (ex: rat learns to push lever
to turn off annoying stimulus like a loud buzzer)
Positive Punishment - ANSWER removal of a pleasant stimulus or the application of an
unpleasant stimulus, thereby lowering the probability of a response (ex: rat stops pressing
And Accurate Answers
Classical Conditioning - ANSWER type of learning through which an organism learns to
associate one stimulus with another
extinction - ANSWER in classical conditioning, the weakening and eventual disappearance of
the conditioned response as a result of repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus
without the unconditioned stimulus
higher-order conditioning - ANSWER occurs when unconditioned stimuli are linked together
to form a series of signals
generalization - ANSWER in classical conditioning, the tendency to make a conditioned
response to a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus - ANSWER stimulus that elicits a specific unconditioned response
without prior learning (the dog's food)
Unconditioned Response - ANSWER response that is elicited by an unconditioned stimulus
without prior learning (dog's salivation)
Conditioned Stimulus - ANSWER neutral stimulus that, after repeated pairing with an
, unconditioned stimulus, becomes associated with it and elicits a conditioned response (the
bell ringing)
Conditioned Response - ANSWER the learned response that comes to be elicited by a
conditioned stimulus as a result of its repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus
(salivation to the bell)
Learned taste aversions - ANSWER intense dislike and/or avoidance of a certain food that has
been associated previously with nausea or discomfort
Shaping - ANSWER Operant conditioning technique that consists of gradually molding a
desired response be reinforcing any movement in the direction of the desired response,
thereby gradually guiding the responses toward the ultimate goal (closer and closer
approximations to the desired goal)
Positive Reinforcement - ANSWER pleasant or desirable consequence that follows a response
and increases the probability that the response will be repeated (ex: rat learns to press a lever
to receive food)
Negative Reinforcement - ANSWER termination of an unpleasant condition after a response,
which increases the probability that the response will be repeated (ex: rat learns to push lever
to turn off annoying stimulus like a loud buzzer)
Positive Punishment - ANSWER removal of a pleasant stimulus or the application of an
unpleasant stimulus, thereby lowering the probability of a response (ex: rat stops pressing
