Psych 255 Final Exam Questions with
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2025-2026
Edition.
Mentalism - Answer Non-material (mind, soul), resides in living body. Departs from body at
death. (Aristotle)
Dualism - Answer Non-material mind interacts with the brain, directing rational behavior and
physical functions. Two separate entities.
Materialism - Answer Mind is a product of physical brain functions.
Posterior / Caudal view - Answer Backside. "tail"
Anterior / Rostral view - Answer Front side
Dorsal / Superior view - Answer Top side. "above"
Ventral / Inferior view - Answer Bottom side. "below"
Lateral view - Answer From the sides
Medial view - Answer From the middle
Horizontal Plane - Answer Separates dorsal/ventral brain. Horizontal Axis Transverse = H.A.T.
cut along brain where brim of a hat would be.
Sagittal Plane - Answer Cuts right/left brain laterally. Side view.
Coronal plane - Answer Cuts anterior/posterior. Symmetrical view. Corona bottle =
symmetrical
,Efferent nerves - Answer Outgoing nerves sending info from brain "emmigration: leaving the
country"
Afferent nerves - Answer Incoming nerves sending info to the brain.
Brain's Primary Functions (3) - Answer 1) Interprets sensory information and create a reality
2) Integrate and store information
3) Produce behavioural response
2 Main Parts of the Nervous System - Answer Central (CNS) and Peripheral (PNS)
Central Nervous System - Answer Composed of the brain and spinal cord
Spinal Cord - Answer Connects the brain to the rest of the body. Carries sensory info to the
brain, and motor command from the brain.
Peripheral Nervous System - Answer All the nerves that aren't the brain and spinal cord.
Divides into the Somatic and Autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system - Answer Sensory nerves receives sensory information like touch,
sends these to the brain. Motor nerves carry commands from brain to muscles. Allows us to
physically move. Soma = Body
Cranial Nerves - Answer 12 paired nerves attached to the brain. 8 are somatic, 4 are somatic
and sensory.
Spinal Nerves - Answer Attached to spinal cord. Each contain sensory and motor nerves, mixed
into one pathway. One nerve supplies a single dermatone. Follows Law of Bell and Magendie.
Law of Bell and Magendie - Answer Sensory fibres go into dorsal (back) side of spinal cord.
They have an identifiable bulge. Motor fibres enter the ventral (front) side of spinal cord.
Autonomic Nervous System - Answer Controls inner body systems that we don't consciously
, Sympathetic Nervous System - Answer Activated by the brain when individual is stressed.
Functions to redistribute body resources to deal with the stressor, that will increase chance of
survival. "Fight for flight" mode.
Sympathetic Nerves - Answer Only come off spinal cord. Some functions include increased
respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, dilated blood vessels.
Parasympathetic Nervous System - Answer Activated by brain when individual is not stressed.
Keeps the body normal/calm, and "normalizes" body after sympathetic system kicked in.
Parasympathetic Nerves - Answer Includes 4 cranial nerves plus sacral spinal cord nerves.
Cranial nerves are:
CN3 (ocular motor),
CN7 (facial), CN9 (glossopharyngeal),
CN10 (vagus).
CN3 (ocular motor) - Answer contracts pupils
CN7 (facial) - Answer stimulates saliva
CN9 (glossopharyngeal) - Answer stimulates saliva
CN10 (vagus) - Answer connects to organs
Meninges - Answer Surface between brain and skull
Dura mater: "tough mother", outmost layer, cloudy
Arachnoid layer: webs down to pia mater
Pia mater: "soft mother", translucent, hugs brain filling in the grooves.
Subarachnoid Layer - Answer Cushion between brain and skull filled with cerebral spinal fluid.
Cerebral Spinal Fluid - Answer Circulates around brain/spinal cord in subarachnoid space,
cushioning the brain. Fills ventricles. Transports substances in/out of brain.
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2025-2026
Edition.
Mentalism - Answer Non-material (mind, soul), resides in living body. Departs from body at
death. (Aristotle)
Dualism - Answer Non-material mind interacts with the brain, directing rational behavior and
physical functions. Two separate entities.
Materialism - Answer Mind is a product of physical brain functions.
Posterior / Caudal view - Answer Backside. "tail"
Anterior / Rostral view - Answer Front side
Dorsal / Superior view - Answer Top side. "above"
Ventral / Inferior view - Answer Bottom side. "below"
Lateral view - Answer From the sides
Medial view - Answer From the middle
Horizontal Plane - Answer Separates dorsal/ventral brain. Horizontal Axis Transverse = H.A.T.
cut along brain where brim of a hat would be.
Sagittal Plane - Answer Cuts right/left brain laterally. Side view.
Coronal plane - Answer Cuts anterior/posterior. Symmetrical view. Corona bottle =
symmetrical
,Efferent nerves - Answer Outgoing nerves sending info from brain "emmigration: leaving the
country"
Afferent nerves - Answer Incoming nerves sending info to the brain.
Brain's Primary Functions (3) - Answer 1) Interprets sensory information and create a reality
2) Integrate and store information
3) Produce behavioural response
2 Main Parts of the Nervous System - Answer Central (CNS) and Peripheral (PNS)
Central Nervous System - Answer Composed of the brain and spinal cord
Spinal Cord - Answer Connects the brain to the rest of the body. Carries sensory info to the
brain, and motor command from the brain.
Peripheral Nervous System - Answer All the nerves that aren't the brain and spinal cord.
Divides into the Somatic and Autonomic nervous system
Somatic nervous system - Answer Sensory nerves receives sensory information like touch,
sends these to the brain. Motor nerves carry commands from brain to muscles. Allows us to
physically move. Soma = Body
Cranial Nerves - Answer 12 paired nerves attached to the brain. 8 are somatic, 4 are somatic
and sensory.
Spinal Nerves - Answer Attached to spinal cord. Each contain sensory and motor nerves, mixed
into one pathway. One nerve supplies a single dermatone. Follows Law of Bell and Magendie.
Law of Bell and Magendie - Answer Sensory fibres go into dorsal (back) side of spinal cord.
They have an identifiable bulge. Motor fibres enter the ventral (front) side of spinal cord.
Autonomic Nervous System - Answer Controls inner body systems that we don't consciously
, Sympathetic Nervous System - Answer Activated by the brain when individual is stressed.
Functions to redistribute body resources to deal with the stressor, that will increase chance of
survival. "Fight for flight" mode.
Sympathetic Nerves - Answer Only come off spinal cord. Some functions include increased
respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, dilated blood vessels.
Parasympathetic Nervous System - Answer Activated by brain when individual is not stressed.
Keeps the body normal/calm, and "normalizes" body after sympathetic system kicked in.
Parasympathetic Nerves - Answer Includes 4 cranial nerves plus sacral spinal cord nerves.
Cranial nerves are:
CN3 (ocular motor),
CN7 (facial), CN9 (glossopharyngeal),
CN10 (vagus).
CN3 (ocular motor) - Answer contracts pupils
CN7 (facial) - Answer stimulates saliva
CN9 (glossopharyngeal) - Answer stimulates saliva
CN10 (vagus) - Answer connects to organs
Meninges - Answer Surface between brain and skull
Dura mater: "tough mother", outmost layer, cloudy
Arachnoid layer: webs down to pia mater
Pia mater: "soft mother", translucent, hugs brain filling in the grooves.
Subarachnoid Layer - Answer Cushion between brain and skull filled with cerebral spinal fluid.
Cerebral Spinal Fluid - Answer Circulates around brain/spinal cord in subarachnoid space,
cushioning the brain. Fills ventricles. Transports substances in/out of brain.
