NURS 676 UNIT III CH. 8-10
CHANGES THAT HAPPEN DURING PREGNANCY - answer CHANGES IN THE
KIDNEY, LIVER, GI TRACT
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE KIDNEYS DURING THE THIRD TRIMESTER? -
answerRENAL BLOOD FLOW IS DOUBLED CAUSING LARGE INCREASE IN
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE--> ACCELERATED CLEARANCE OF DRUGS
ARE ELIMINATED BY GLOMERULAR FILTRATION
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE LIVER DURING THE 3RD TRIMESTER? – answer
HEPATIC METABOLISM INCREASES DURING PREGNANCY FOR SOME DRUGS
EX: ANTI-SEIZURE MEDS, PHENYTOIN, AND VALPORIC ACID
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE GI TRACT DURING THE 3RD TRIMESTER? -
answerTONE AND MOTILITY OF THE BOWEL DECREASES IN PREGNANCY
CASING INTESTINAL TRANSMIT TIME TO INCREASE
IT TAKES MORE TIME FOR DRUGS TO BE ABSORBED
PLACENTAL DRUG TRANSFER - answerTHE PROVIDER SHOULD ASSUME THAT
ANY DRUG TAKEN DURING PREGNANCY WILL REACH THE FETUS
STAGES OF FETAL DEVELOPMENT - answerSTAGE 1:
PREIMPLANATION/PRESOMITE PERIOD (CONCEPTION- WK 2)
STAGE 2: EMBRYONIC PERIOD (WK 3-8)
STAGE 3: FETAL PERIOD (WK 9-TERM)
GROSS MALFORMATION CAN OCCUR IN WHAT STAGE - answerARE PRODUCED
BY EXPOSURE TO TERATOGENS DURING THE EMBRYONIC PERIOD (1ST
TRIMESTER)
TERATOGEN EXPOSURE DURING THE FETAL PERIOD WILL DISRUPT -
answerFUNCTION RATHER THAN GROSS ANATOMY
THREE CRITERIA FOR A DRUG TO BE A TERATOGEN - answer1. MUST CAUSE A
CHARACTERISTIC SET OF MALFORMATIONS
2. MUST ACT ONLY DURING A SPECIFIC WINDOW OF VULNERABILITY
3. INCIDENCE OF MALFORMATIONS SHOULD INCREASE WITH INCREASING
DOSAGE AND DURATION OF EXPOSURE
WHEN BREASTFEEDING, WOMEN SHOULD AVOID - answerDOSING
IMMEDIATELY AFTER BREASTFEEDING TO MINIMIZE DRUG CONCENTRATIONS
AVOID DRUGS THAT HAVE A LONG HALF LIFE
CHANGES THAT HAPPEN DURING PREGNANCY - answer CHANGES IN THE
KIDNEY, LIVER, GI TRACT
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE KIDNEYS DURING THE THIRD TRIMESTER? -
answerRENAL BLOOD FLOW IS DOUBLED CAUSING LARGE INCREASE IN
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE--> ACCELERATED CLEARANCE OF DRUGS
ARE ELIMINATED BY GLOMERULAR FILTRATION
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE LIVER DURING THE 3RD TRIMESTER? – answer
HEPATIC METABOLISM INCREASES DURING PREGNANCY FOR SOME DRUGS
EX: ANTI-SEIZURE MEDS, PHENYTOIN, AND VALPORIC ACID
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE GI TRACT DURING THE 3RD TRIMESTER? -
answerTONE AND MOTILITY OF THE BOWEL DECREASES IN PREGNANCY
CASING INTESTINAL TRANSMIT TIME TO INCREASE
IT TAKES MORE TIME FOR DRUGS TO BE ABSORBED
PLACENTAL DRUG TRANSFER - answerTHE PROVIDER SHOULD ASSUME THAT
ANY DRUG TAKEN DURING PREGNANCY WILL REACH THE FETUS
STAGES OF FETAL DEVELOPMENT - answerSTAGE 1:
PREIMPLANATION/PRESOMITE PERIOD (CONCEPTION- WK 2)
STAGE 2: EMBRYONIC PERIOD (WK 3-8)
STAGE 3: FETAL PERIOD (WK 9-TERM)
GROSS MALFORMATION CAN OCCUR IN WHAT STAGE - answerARE PRODUCED
BY EXPOSURE TO TERATOGENS DURING THE EMBRYONIC PERIOD (1ST
TRIMESTER)
TERATOGEN EXPOSURE DURING THE FETAL PERIOD WILL DISRUPT -
answerFUNCTION RATHER THAN GROSS ANATOMY
THREE CRITERIA FOR A DRUG TO BE A TERATOGEN - answer1. MUST CAUSE A
CHARACTERISTIC SET OF MALFORMATIONS
2. MUST ACT ONLY DURING A SPECIFIC WINDOW OF VULNERABILITY
3. INCIDENCE OF MALFORMATIONS SHOULD INCREASE WITH INCREASING
DOSAGE AND DURATION OF EXPOSURE
WHEN BREASTFEEDING, WOMEN SHOULD AVOID - answerDOSING
IMMEDIATELY AFTER BREASTFEEDING TO MINIMIZE DRUG CONCENTRATIONS
AVOID DRUGS THAT HAVE A LONG HALF LIFE
