NM701 Exam 7 Questions and Answers
Graded A+
Define stress incontinence - Correct answer-mechanical problem: urethra doesn't
close all the way
loss of urine with increased pressure: coughing, sneezing, laughing
Factor contributing to stress incontinence - Correct answer--obesity
-high impact exercise
-smoking
-pregnancy/birth trauma
-chronic constipation
-heavy lifting
-possibly genetics
-over-consumption of beverages
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,Define urge incontinence - Correct answer-Sudden need to urinate, no warning
-overactive bladder
-need to void very frequently
-idiopathic - innervation? genetics? microbiome?
-sometimes definitive neuro problem
Defined mixed incontinence - Correct answer-stress + urge
-most with incontinence have a little of both
Other types (besides stress and urge) of incontinence - would need referral -
Correct answer-postural
nocturnal
continuous
insensible (doesn't know it happens)
coital
PE for incontinence - Correct answer--bimanual if concern for pelvic mass or
cystocele
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,---have person bear down to assess for prolapse
---Kegel during exam to assess pelvic floor muscle tone
Dx for incontinence - Correct answer--UA for blood (cancer in absence of
infection), glucose, pyuria
-paper towel test (degree of leakage)
-3 day voiding diary is least invasive
more expensive and invasive: filling cystometrogram, urethral pressure profile,
MRI
Paper towel test - Correct answer--stand with comfortably full bladder
-hold a colored, tri-folded towel against perineum and cough forcibly 3 times
-assess wetted area
validate that this is consistent with her experience
Lifestyle modifications for incontinence - Correct answer--The Knack (PT if they
can't control pelvic floor muscles)
-timed voiding/bladder training
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, -fluid intake change
-reduction of artificial sweeteners, caffeine, alcohol
-smoking cessation
-weight reduction as needed
-Kegel exercises
Pessaries - Correct answer--vaginal device
-supports anterior vaginal wall and thus applies urethral pressure
The Knack skill - Correct answer-pelvic muscle contraction timed to a moment of
expected urine loss
Cystocele - Correct answer-anterior prolapse of bladder
-can cause incomplete bladder emptying
sx: urinary urgency, sense of pelvic fullness or heaviness
Medications for urge incontinence (overactive bladder) - Correct answer-
anticholinergics/antimuscarinics
-reduce sensitivity, urge to void
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Graded A+
Define stress incontinence - Correct answer-mechanical problem: urethra doesn't
close all the way
loss of urine with increased pressure: coughing, sneezing, laughing
Factor contributing to stress incontinence - Correct answer--obesity
-high impact exercise
-smoking
-pregnancy/birth trauma
-chronic constipation
-heavy lifting
-possibly genetics
-over-consumption of beverages
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Define urge incontinence - Correct answer-Sudden need to urinate, no warning
-overactive bladder
-need to void very frequently
-idiopathic - innervation? genetics? microbiome?
-sometimes definitive neuro problem
Defined mixed incontinence - Correct answer-stress + urge
-most with incontinence have a little of both
Other types (besides stress and urge) of incontinence - would need referral -
Correct answer-postural
nocturnal
continuous
insensible (doesn't know it happens)
coital
PE for incontinence - Correct answer--bimanual if concern for pelvic mass or
cystocele
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,---have person bear down to assess for prolapse
---Kegel during exam to assess pelvic floor muscle tone
Dx for incontinence - Correct answer--UA for blood (cancer in absence of
infection), glucose, pyuria
-paper towel test (degree of leakage)
-3 day voiding diary is least invasive
more expensive and invasive: filling cystometrogram, urethral pressure profile,
MRI
Paper towel test - Correct answer--stand with comfortably full bladder
-hold a colored, tri-folded towel against perineum and cough forcibly 3 times
-assess wetted area
validate that this is consistent with her experience
Lifestyle modifications for incontinence - Correct answer--The Knack (PT if they
can't control pelvic floor muscles)
-timed voiding/bladder training
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, -fluid intake change
-reduction of artificial sweeteners, caffeine, alcohol
-smoking cessation
-weight reduction as needed
-Kegel exercises
Pessaries - Correct answer--vaginal device
-supports anterior vaginal wall and thus applies urethral pressure
The Knack skill - Correct answer-pelvic muscle contraction timed to a moment of
expected urine loss
Cystocele - Correct answer-anterior prolapse of bladder
-can cause incomplete bladder emptying
sx: urinary urgency, sense of pelvic fullness or heaviness
Medications for urge incontinence (overactive bladder) - Correct answer-
anticholinergics/antimuscarinics
-reduce sensitivity, urge to void
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
