NR 292 Exam 2 questions with answers

NR 292 Exam 2 questions with
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




answers


Female Sex Steroid Hormones - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Estrogens
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


and progestins
|\ |\




Estrogens - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Estradiol, estrone, and estriol.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\
|\



Synthesized from cholesterol in the ovarian follicles. Responsible
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


for development and maintenance of the female reproductive
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


system, development of female secondary sex characteristics,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


and shaping of body contours and development of the skeleton.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Synthetic Estrogenic Drug Examples - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Steroidal: conjugated estrogens, estradiol transdermal,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\


estropipate
-Nonsteroidal: diethylstilbestrol is no longer available in the US |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Estrogen Drug Indications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Treatment or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


prevention of disorders that result from estrogen deficiency, like
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


atrophic vaginitis, hypogonadism, oral contraception, uterine
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


bleeding, vasomotor spasms of menopause (hot flashes),
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


osteoporosis, breast or prostate cancer, and ovarian failure or |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


castration.


Estrogen Drug Contraindications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Any
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


estrogen-dependent cancer, undiagnosed abnormal vaginal |\ |\ |\ |\ |\

,bleeding, pregnancy, and active thromboembolic disorder or
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


history.


Estrogen Drug Adverse Effects - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔-
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Thrombolytic events (most serious complication)
|\ |\ |\ |\




-Nausea (most common)
|\ |\




-Hypertension
-Edema
-Thrombophlebitis
-Vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abd pain
|\ |\ |\ |\




-May cause photosensitivity or chloasma
|\ |\ |\ |\




-Amenorrhea
-Breakthrough uterine bleeding |\ |\




-Tender breasts
|\




-Headaches
-Use of estrogen therapy alone has been associated with an
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia
|\ |\ |\ |\




Progestin Drug Examples - CORRECT ANSWERS
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔hydroxyprogesterone (Hylutin) |\




levonorgestrel (Plan B) |\ |\




medroxyprogesterone (Provera) |\




megestrol (Megace) |\




norethindrone acetate (Aygestin) |\ |\




norgestrel (Ovrette) |\

,progesterone (Prometrium) |\




etonogestrel implant (Implanon) |\ |\




Progestin Drug Indications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Treatment of
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


functional uterine bleeding caused by hormonal imbalance,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


fibroids, and uterine cancer.
|\ |\ |\ |\




Treatment of primary and secondary amenorrhea.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Adjunctive and palliative treatment of some cancers and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


endometriosis. |\




Alone or in combination with estrogens to prevent conception.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Prevention of threatened miscarriage. |\ |\ |\ |\




Alleviation of PMS symptoms. |\ |\ |\




megestrol (Megace) Indications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Used as
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


adjunct therapy for treatment of breast and endometrial cancers,
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


management of anorexia, cachexia, or unexplained weight loss
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


in AIDS patients, and to stimulate appetite and promote weight
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


gain cancer patients.
|\ |\




Progestins Adverse Effects - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Liver
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


dysfunction (cholestatic jaundice) |\ |\




Thrombophlebitis
Nausea/vomiting
Amenorrhea, spotting |\




Edema, weight gain or loss
|\ |\ |\ |\

, Contraceptive Drugs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Medications used |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


to prevent pregnancy.
|\ |\ |\




Oral Medications: monophasic, biphasic, and triphasic forms.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Triphasic forms most closely duplicate the normal hormone levels
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


of the female cycle. Most contain estrogen-progestin
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


combinations. |\




Other contraceptive forms are available, long-acting injectable
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


form of medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera), transdermal
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\


contraceptive patch, and intravaginal contraceptive ring. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Contraceptive Drug Mechanism of Action - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Prevent ovulation by inhibiting the release of gonadotropins
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


and increase uterine mucus viscosity resulting in decreased
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


sperm movement, decreased fertilization of the ovum, and
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


possible inhibition of implantation of a fertilized egg.
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Contraceptive Drugs: Other Drug Effects - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Improves menstrual cycle regularity, decreases blood loss |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


during menstruation, and decreases incidence of functional
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


ovarian cysts and ectopic pregnancy.
|\ |\ |\ |\




Contraceptive Drug Indications - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Primarily |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


used to prevent pregnancy.
|\ |\ |\ |\




Also used to treat endometriosis and hypermenorrhea, produce
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


cyclic withdrawal bleeding, and pesticidal emergency
|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


contraception.


Contraceptive Drug Adverse Effects - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


✔✔Hypertension.