HESI Milestone Exam 1 2026 Questions
and Answers
Histamine1 blockers action(mine, zine, dine) - Correct answer-bind selectively to
H1-histaminic receptors, blocking the actions of histamine at these sites
H1 antagonists are useful in treating - Correct answer--mild allergies(seasonal
rhinitis)
-severe allergies(anaphylaxis)
-motion sickness
-insomnia
-common cold
Histamine (H2)-Receptor Antagonists action(tidine) - Correct answer-block the H2
receptors responsible for stimulating the secretion of gastric acid
Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia - Correct answer--can occur right after meals
-for severe hypoglycemia give IV dextrose
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,Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia teaching - Correct answer--teach about s/s of
hypoglycemia(cold and clammy give them candy)
-have glucagon emergency kit available
-regular monitoring of A1c levels are required
Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia causes - Correct answer--insulin overdose
-reduced food intake
-vomiting and diarrhea
-excessive alcohol intake
-unaccustomed exercise
-termination of pregnancy
signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia - Correct answer--tachycardia
-palpitations
-sweating
-nervousness
-headache
-confusion
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,-drowsiness
-fatigue
antitussives therapeutic action is to - Correct answer-Act on the cough control
center in the medulla to suppress the cough reflex; used for a cough that is
nonproductive and irritating
Anaphylaxis‐PCN - Correct answer--laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe
hypotension= immediate hypersensitivity reaction
Anaphylaxis treatment - Correct answer-epinephrine (subQ, IM, or IV) plus
respiratory support
What drugs are effective and safe alternatives for patients with penicillin allergies?
- Correct answer-vancomycin, erythromycin, and clindamycin
To ensure prompt treatment if anaphylaxis should develop patients should be? -
Correct answer-observed for at least 30 minutes after drug injection (i.e., until the
risk of an anaphylactic reaction has passed).
To minimize the chances of an anaphylactic reaction, penicillin should be
administered - Correct answer-an initial small dose is followed at 60-minute
intervals by progressively larger doses until the full therapeutic dose has been
achieved
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, Morphine overdose treatment - Correct answer--Naloxone (narcan)
-Intravenous, IM, and subQ. For initial treatment, administer IV
CT‐diarrhea‐action - Correct answer--decrease intestinal motility and thereby slow
intestinal transit, which allows more time for absorption of fluid and electrolytes
-activation of opioid receptors decreases secretion of fluid into the small intestine
and increases absorption of fluid and salt.
ACE inhibitor‐hyperkalemia - Correct answer--Inhibition of aldosterone release
(secondary to inhibition of angiotensin II production) can cause potassium
retention by the kidney.
-significant potassium accumulation is limited to patients taking potassium
supplements, salt substitutes (which contain potassium), or a potassium-sparing
diuretic.
Leukotrienes‐teaching - Correct answer-1. To take medication 1 hour before or 2
hours after
meals
2. To increase fluid intake
3. Not to discontinue the medication and to take it as
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
and Answers
Histamine1 blockers action(mine, zine, dine) - Correct answer-bind selectively to
H1-histaminic receptors, blocking the actions of histamine at these sites
H1 antagonists are useful in treating - Correct answer--mild allergies(seasonal
rhinitis)
-severe allergies(anaphylaxis)
-motion sickness
-insomnia
-common cold
Histamine (H2)-Receptor Antagonists action(tidine) - Correct answer-block the H2
receptors responsible for stimulating the secretion of gastric acid
Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia - Correct answer--can occur right after meals
-for severe hypoglycemia give IV dextrose
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia teaching - Correct answer--teach about s/s of
hypoglycemia(cold and clammy give them candy)
-have glucagon emergency kit available
-regular monitoring of A1c levels are required
Exenatide (Byetta) hypoglycemia causes - Correct answer--insulin overdose
-reduced food intake
-vomiting and diarrhea
-excessive alcohol intake
-unaccustomed exercise
-termination of pregnancy
signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia - Correct answer--tachycardia
-palpitations
-sweating
-nervousness
-headache
-confusion
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,-drowsiness
-fatigue
antitussives therapeutic action is to - Correct answer-Act on the cough control
center in the medulla to suppress the cough reflex; used for a cough that is
nonproductive and irritating
Anaphylaxis‐PCN - Correct answer--laryngeal edema, bronchoconstriction, severe
hypotension= immediate hypersensitivity reaction
Anaphylaxis treatment - Correct answer-epinephrine (subQ, IM, or IV) plus
respiratory support
What drugs are effective and safe alternatives for patients with penicillin allergies?
- Correct answer-vancomycin, erythromycin, and clindamycin
To ensure prompt treatment if anaphylaxis should develop patients should be? -
Correct answer-observed for at least 30 minutes after drug injection (i.e., until the
risk of an anaphylactic reaction has passed).
To minimize the chances of an anaphylactic reaction, penicillin should be
administered - Correct answer-an initial small dose is followed at 60-minute
intervals by progressively larger doses until the full therapeutic dose has been
achieved
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Morphine overdose treatment - Correct answer--Naloxone (narcan)
-Intravenous, IM, and subQ. For initial treatment, administer IV
CT‐diarrhea‐action - Correct answer--decrease intestinal motility and thereby slow
intestinal transit, which allows more time for absorption of fluid and electrolytes
-activation of opioid receptors decreases secretion of fluid into the small intestine
and increases absorption of fluid and salt.
ACE inhibitor‐hyperkalemia - Correct answer--Inhibition of aldosterone release
(secondary to inhibition of angiotensin II production) can cause potassium
retention by the kidney.
-significant potassium accumulation is limited to patients taking potassium
supplements, salt substitutes (which contain potassium), or a potassium-sparing
diuretic.
Leukotrienes‐teaching - Correct answer-1. To take medication 1 hour before or 2
hours after
meals
2. To increase fluid intake
3. Not to discontinue the medication and to take it as
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
