NURS 120 MED SURG: QUIZ 2 REVIEW
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_61u8ps
1. Where does normal glucose and insulin metabolize?: Produced by b-cells in islets of
Langerhans --> Released in pancreas into bloodstream in small increments with larger amounts released after food
2. Normal range for glucose level?: 70 to 110 mg/dL
3. What is insulin?: a hormone produced in the pancreas that helps body store and use glucose
4. 3 Ps of Diabetes: polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
5. Difference between Type 1 and Type 2 DM?: Type 1 DM:
Pancreas can no longer produce sufficient insulin to maintain normal glucose; an absence of endogenous insulin
Type 2 DM:
Pancreas continues to produce some endogenous insulin but not enough insulin is produced OR body does not use
insulin effectivel
6. Clinical Manifestations of Type 1: Onset is rapid
Initial manifestations are usually acute
3 Ps
Fatigue, weakness
Ketoacidosis (body is breaking down fat for fuel, results in buildup of acids in blood)
7. Clinical Manifestations of Type 2: 3 Ps
Fatigue, recurrent infections, vaginal yeast/candidal infections
Prolonged wound healing
VIsual changes
8. Diagnostics for DM: Hemoglobin A1C - 6.5% or ^
Fasting glucose level > than or equal to 126 mg/dL (no intake for 8 hrs)
Two hour plasma glucose level > than or equal to 200 mg/dL (For Gestational Diabetes)
Plasma glucose > than or equal to 200 mg/dL
1/8
, NURS 120 MED SURG: QUIZ 2 REVIEW
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_61u8ps
9. A1C: Reflects glucose levels over past 120 days
Expected reference range 4-6%, acceptable range w/ DM 6.5-8%
Target Goal: < 7%
10. Prediabetes: ^ risk for developing type 2 diabetes
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT): 140-199 mg/dL
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG):
100-125 mg/dL
Asymptomatic but long-term damage already occuring
11. What is insulin?: Exogenous (injected)
Required for type 1 diabetes
Prescribed for patients with type 2 diabetes who cannot manage glucose levels
Given subQ
Cannot be taken orally
12. What are the different types of insulin?: Rapid: Bolus
Short: Bolus
Intermediate: Basal
Long-acting: Basal
13. Basal vs Bolus insulin: Basal: once or twice a day
Bolus: before meals
14. Rapid-Acting Insulin: MEDS TO KNOW: Humalog
Clear Insulin
Onset: 10-30 min
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_61u8ps
1. Where does normal glucose and insulin metabolize?: Produced by b-cells in islets of
Langerhans --> Released in pancreas into bloodstream in small increments with larger amounts released after food
2. Normal range for glucose level?: 70 to 110 mg/dL
3. What is insulin?: a hormone produced in the pancreas that helps body store and use glucose
4. 3 Ps of Diabetes: polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
5. Difference between Type 1 and Type 2 DM?: Type 1 DM:
Pancreas can no longer produce sufficient insulin to maintain normal glucose; an absence of endogenous insulin
Type 2 DM:
Pancreas continues to produce some endogenous insulin but not enough insulin is produced OR body does not use
insulin effectivel
6. Clinical Manifestations of Type 1: Onset is rapid
Initial manifestations are usually acute
3 Ps
Fatigue, weakness
Ketoacidosis (body is breaking down fat for fuel, results in buildup of acids in blood)
7. Clinical Manifestations of Type 2: 3 Ps
Fatigue, recurrent infections, vaginal yeast/candidal infections
Prolonged wound healing
VIsual changes
8. Diagnostics for DM: Hemoglobin A1C - 6.5% or ^
Fasting glucose level > than or equal to 126 mg/dL (no intake for 8 hrs)
Two hour plasma glucose level > than or equal to 200 mg/dL (For Gestational Diabetes)
Plasma glucose > than or equal to 200 mg/dL
1/8
, NURS 120 MED SURG: QUIZ 2 REVIEW
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_61u8ps
9. A1C: Reflects glucose levels over past 120 days
Expected reference range 4-6%, acceptable range w/ DM 6.5-8%
Target Goal: < 7%
10. Prediabetes: ^ risk for developing type 2 diabetes
Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT): 140-199 mg/dL
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG):
100-125 mg/dL
Asymptomatic but long-term damage already occuring
11. What is insulin?: Exogenous (injected)
Required for type 1 diabetes
Prescribed for patients with type 2 diabetes who cannot manage glucose levels
Given subQ
Cannot be taken orally
12. What are the different types of insulin?: Rapid: Bolus
Short: Bolus
Intermediate: Basal
Long-acting: Basal
13. Basal vs Bolus insulin: Basal: once or twice a day
Bolus: before meals
14. Rapid-Acting Insulin: MEDS TO KNOW: Humalog
Clear Insulin
Onset: 10-30 min
2/8
