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BIOLOGY 93 UCI MIDTERM 1
KEY TERMS QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS.
Cytoskeleton - correct answer -Network of fibers composed of
proteins contained within a cells cytoplasm
3 categories: microtubules, microfilament, and intermediate
filament.
Motor Protein - correct answer -powered by ATP to move
molecules , organelles, cilia, and flagella.
Microtubule - correct answer -Hollow rods constructed from a
globular protein called tubulin (dimer). They can grow and be
disassembled at the plus end. Shape and support (compression-
resisting) the cell also serve as tracks along which organelles
equipped with motor protein can move. Also involved in the
separation of chromosomes during cell division and cell motility.
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Tubulin - correct answer -Tubulin (dimer) is a globular protein
made up of two subunits alpha and beta that form microtubules
into a hollow tube.
Centrosome - correct answer -A structure in animal cells
containing centrioles from which the spindle fibers develop.
Contains 2 barrel-shaped organs called centrioles organizing
center for cell division
Centriole - correct answer -small cylinder-shaped organelle made
of protein tubes arranged in nine sets of triplet microtubules
arranged in a ring; aids mitosis.
Cilia - correct answer -Hairlike projections that extend from the
plasma membrane and are used for locomotion.
Flagella - correct answer -A long, whip-like filament that helps in
cell motility. (spermatozoid movement)
Dynein - correct answer -Motor element that interacts with
microtubules
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which causes flexing of pairs of microtubules
Microfilament - correct answer -Also known as actin filaments.
They are thin solid rods (tension bearing element). Can form
structural networks when certain proteins bind along side such a
filament and allow for extensions to happen. Ex: Support cell
extensions microvilli. Necessary for muscle movement, and
cytoplasmic streaming (with myosin).
Myosin - correct answer -A thick filament made of protein that
interacts with actin filaments to make a muscle contract.
Intermediate Filament - correct answer -Fibrous proteins coiled
into cables (protein example: keratin). Maintenance of cell
shape(tension bearing elements). Anchorage of the nucleus and
certain other organelles; formation of the nuclear lamina. More
permanent than other cytoskeletal structures.
Kinesin - correct answer -Motor protein that moves from the
minus end to the plus end of the microtubule.
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MAPs - correct answer -
Tau - correct answer -
Plasma Membrane - correct answer -A selectively-permeable
phospholipid bilayer forming the boundary of the cells
Cytosol - correct answer -the water-based fluid component of the
cytoplasm
Chromosomes - correct answer -Bodies within the nucleus made
of DNA and proteins called the histones
Ribosomes - correct answer -Site of protein synthesis. Made of
rRNA and protein, rRNA is found in the nucleolus and protein
imported from the cytoplasm are assembled with the rRNA into
large and small subunits of ribosomes. These structures then exit
through the nuclear pores into the cytoplasm to carry out their
function.
BIOLOGY 93 UCI MIDTERM 1
KEY TERMS QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS.
Cytoskeleton - correct answer -Network of fibers composed of
proteins contained within a cells cytoplasm
3 categories: microtubules, microfilament, and intermediate
filament.
Motor Protein - correct answer -powered by ATP to move
molecules , organelles, cilia, and flagella.
Microtubule - correct answer -Hollow rods constructed from a
globular protein called tubulin (dimer). They can grow and be
disassembled at the plus end. Shape and support (compression-
resisting) the cell also serve as tracks along which organelles
equipped with motor protein can move. Also involved in the
separation of chromosomes during cell division and cell motility.
, Page | 2
Tubulin - correct answer -Tubulin (dimer) is a globular protein
made up of two subunits alpha and beta that form microtubules
into a hollow tube.
Centrosome - correct answer -A structure in animal cells
containing centrioles from which the spindle fibers develop.
Contains 2 barrel-shaped organs called centrioles organizing
center for cell division
Centriole - correct answer -small cylinder-shaped organelle made
of protein tubes arranged in nine sets of triplet microtubules
arranged in a ring; aids mitosis.
Cilia - correct answer -Hairlike projections that extend from the
plasma membrane and are used for locomotion.
Flagella - correct answer -A long, whip-like filament that helps in
cell motility. (spermatozoid movement)
Dynein - correct answer -Motor element that interacts with
microtubules
, Page | 3
which causes flexing of pairs of microtubules
Microfilament - correct answer -Also known as actin filaments.
They are thin solid rods (tension bearing element). Can form
structural networks when certain proteins bind along side such a
filament and allow for extensions to happen. Ex: Support cell
extensions microvilli. Necessary for muscle movement, and
cytoplasmic streaming (with myosin).
Myosin - correct answer -A thick filament made of protein that
interacts with actin filaments to make a muscle contract.
Intermediate Filament - correct answer -Fibrous proteins coiled
into cables (protein example: keratin). Maintenance of cell
shape(tension bearing elements). Anchorage of the nucleus and
certain other organelles; formation of the nuclear lamina. More
permanent than other cytoskeletal structures.
Kinesin - correct answer -Motor protein that moves from the
minus end to the plus end of the microtubule.
, Page | 4
MAPs - correct answer -
Tau - correct answer -
Plasma Membrane - correct answer -A selectively-permeable
phospholipid bilayer forming the boundary of the cells
Cytosol - correct answer -the water-based fluid component of the
cytoplasm
Chromosomes - correct answer -Bodies within the nucleus made
of DNA and proteins called the histones
Ribosomes - correct answer -Site of protein synthesis. Made of
rRNA and protein, rRNA is found in the nucleolus and protein
imported from the cytoplasm are assembled with the rRNA into
large and small subunits of ribosomes. These structures then exit
through the nuclear pores into the cytoplasm to carry out their
function.
