Test Bank Bundle: Biological Psychology
Verified MCQs & Answers | A+ Exam Prep
2025/2026
Biological psychology - answers a branch of psychology concerned with the links
between biology and behavior
neuron - answers a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
sensory neurons - answers neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory
reseptors to the brain and spinal cord
motor neurons - answers neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and
spinal cord to the muscles and glands
interneurons - answers neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate
internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
myelin sheath - answers A lack of this is attributed to Multiple Sclerosis.
action potential - answers a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down
an axon
neurotransmitters - answers chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps
between neurons. When released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel
across the synapse and bind to reseptor sites on the receiving neuron, thereby
influencing whether that neuron will generate a neural impulse
reuptake - answers a neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron
endorphins - answers "morphine within" - natural . opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to
pain control and to pleasure
nervous system - answers the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network,
consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems
central nervous system (CNS) - answers the brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system - answers the sensory and motor neurons that connect the
central nervous system to the rest of the body
nerves - answers bundled axons that form neural "cables" connecting the central
nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs
,somatic nervous system - answers the division of the peripheral nervous system that
controls the body's skeletal muscles.
autonomic nervous system - answers the part of the peripheral nervous system that
controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its
sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
sympathetic nervous system - answers the division of the autonomic nervous system
that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
parasympathetic nervous system - answers the division of the autonomic nervous
system that calms the body, conserving its energy
reflex - answers a simple, automatic response to a sensory stimulus, such as the knee-
jerk response
hormones - answers chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine
glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues
pituitary gland - answers the endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the
influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other
endocrine glands
lesion - answers tissue destruction; a brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally
caused destruction of brain tissue
electroencephalogram (EEG) - answers an amplified recording of the waves of electrical
activity that sweep across the brain's surface. These waves are measured by electrodes
placed on th scalp.
fMRI (functional MRI) - answers a technique for revealing bloodflow and, therefore,
brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans, fMRI shows brain functions
brainstem - answers the oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the
spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic
survival functions
medulla - answers the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
reticular activating system - answers a nerve netowrk in the brainstem that plays an
important role in controlling arousal
thalamus - answers the brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem; it
directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to
the cerebellum amd medulla - all senses, but smell are processed here
, cerebellum - answers the "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions include
processing sensory input and coordinating movement output an balance
limbic system - answers doughnut-shaped neural system (including the hippocampus,
amygdala, and hypothalamus) located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with
emotions and drives
amygdala - answers two lima bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to
raw emotions such as fear and anger
hypothalamus - answers a neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several
maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temp). helps govern the endocrine system
via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward (think 4 F's!!)
cerebral cortex - answers the intricate fabric of interconnected neural calles covering the
cerebral hemispheres; the body's ultimate control and information processing center
glial cells - answers cells in the nervour system that support, nourish, and protect
neurons
frontal lobes - answers portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead;
involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements
parietal lobes - answers portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and
toward the rear; received sensory input for touch and body postion
occipital lobes - answers portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head,
includes areas that receive information from visual fields
temporal lobes - answers portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears;
includes the auditory areas, each receiving information primarily from the opposite ear
motor cortex - answers an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary
movements
sensory cortex (somatosensory cortex) - answers area at the front of the parietal lobes
that registers and processes body touch and movement sensations
association areas - answers areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in
promary motor or sensory functions; rather, they are involved in higher mental functions
ssuch as learning, remembering, , thinking, and speaking
aphasia - answers impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage
either to Broca's Area (impairing speaking) or Wernicke's Area (impairing
understanding)
Verified MCQs & Answers | A+ Exam Prep
2025/2026
Biological psychology - answers a branch of psychology concerned with the links
between biology and behavior
neuron - answers a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
sensory neurons - answers neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory
reseptors to the brain and spinal cord
motor neurons - answers neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and
spinal cord to the muscles and glands
interneurons - answers neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate
internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
myelin sheath - answers A lack of this is attributed to Multiple Sclerosis.
action potential - answers a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down
an axon
neurotransmitters - answers chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps
between neurons. When released by the sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel
across the synapse and bind to reseptor sites on the receiving neuron, thereby
influencing whether that neuron will generate a neural impulse
reuptake - answers a neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron
endorphins - answers "morphine within" - natural . opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to
pain control and to pleasure
nervous system - answers the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network,
consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems
central nervous system (CNS) - answers the brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system - answers the sensory and motor neurons that connect the
central nervous system to the rest of the body
nerves - answers bundled axons that form neural "cables" connecting the central
nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs
,somatic nervous system - answers the division of the peripheral nervous system that
controls the body's skeletal muscles.
autonomic nervous system - answers the part of the peripheral nervous system that
controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its
sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
sympathetic nervous system - answers the division of the autonomic nervous system
that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
parasympathetic nervous system - answers the division of the autonomic nervous
system that calms the body, conserving its energy
reflex - answers a simple, automatic response to a sensory stimulus, such as the knee-
jerk response
hormones - answers chemical messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine
glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other tissues
pituitary gland - answers the endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the
influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other
endocrine glands
lesion - answers tissue destruction; a brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally
caused destruction of brain tissue
electroencephalogram (EEG) - answers an amplified recording of the waves of electrical
activity that sweep across the brain's surface. These waves are measured by electrodes
placed on th scalp.
fMRI (functional MRI) - answers a technique for revealing bloodflow and, therefore,
brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans, fMRI shows brain functions
brainstem - answers the oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the
spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic
survival functions
medulla - answers the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
reticular activating system - answers a nerve netowrk in the brainstem that plays an
important role in controlling arousal
thalamus - answers the brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem; it
directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to
the cerebellum amd medulla - all senses, but smell are processed here
, cerebellum - answers the "little brain" at the rear of the brainstem; functions include
processing sensory input and coordinating movement output an balance
limbic system - answers doughnut-shaped neural system (including the hippocampus,
amygdala, and hypothalamus) located below the cerebral hemispheres; associated with
emotions and drives
amygdala - answers two lima bean-sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to
raw emotions such as fear and anger
hypothalamus - answers a neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several
maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temp). helps govern the endocrine system
via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward (think 4 F's!!)
cerebral cortex - answers the intricate fabric of interconnected neural calles covering the
cerebral hemispheres; the body's ultimate control and information processing center
glial cells - answers cells in the nervour system that support, nourish, and protect
neurons
frontal lobes - answers portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead;
involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgements
parietal lobes - answers portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and
toward the rear; received sensory input for touch and body postion
occipital lobes - answers portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head,
includes areas that receive information from visual fields
temporal lobes - answers portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears;
includes the auditory areas, each receiving information primarily from the opposite ear
motor cortex - answers an area at the rear of the frontal lobes that controls voluntary
movements
sensory cortex (somatosensory cortex) - answers area at the front of the parietal lobes
that registers and processes body touch and movement sensations
association areas - answers areas of the cerebral cortex that are not involved in
promary motor or sensory functions; rather, they are involved in higher mental functions
ssuch as learning, remembering, , thinking, and speaking
aphasia - answers impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage
either to Broca's Area (impairing speaking) or Wernicke's Area (impairing
understanding)
