2025 HESI MATERNITY OB EXAM VERSION 3
LATEST ACTUAL EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+
Ovulation occurs how many days before the next menstrual period? (AKA between
ovulation & beginning of next menstrual cycle, there are how many days?) -
ANSWER14
To prevent pregnancy, a couple must avoid unprotected sex for days before
anticipated ovulation & for days after ovulation to prevent pregnancy -
ANSWERSeveral days before antcipated ovulation & 3 days after ovulation
---sperm live approx 3 days
---eggs live about 24 hrs
Because some women experience or , they do not know they are pregnant
- ANSWERimplantation bleeding OR spotting
Signs of maternal-fetal bonding in utero? - ANSWERtalking to fetus in utero massaging
abdomen
nicknaming fetus
For women, battering (emotional/physcial abuse) begins during preg. How should
women be assessed for abuse? - ANSWERIn private, away from male partner, by nurse
who is familiar w/ local resources & knows how to determine safety of the client
A women who is 6 wks preg has the following maternal history: -healthy 2 yo daughter
-miscarriage at 10 wks
-elective abortion at 6 weeks
-5 years earlier
(what is her GTPAL?) - ANSWER4-1-0-2-1
gravida 4, para 1 (only 1 delivery after 20 wks gestation)
What is EBD using Nagele's rule?
--Woman's last menstrual period Oct. 17 - ANSWERCount back 3 months +7 days
--July 24
When does plasma volume increase during preg? - ANSWERAt approx 28 to 32
weeks, plasma volume increase 25-40%, resulting in hemodilution of Hct values 32-
42%
--High Hct values may look good, BUT in reality they represent a gestational HTN
disorder & depleted vascular space
Foods high in iron - ANSWER-fish & red meats
-cereals & yellow vegetables
-green leafy vegetables & citrus fruits
,-egg yolks and dried fruits
What position increases perfusion to uterus, placenta, and fetus? - ANSWERL side-
lying
Changes in are the 1st & most important indicators of compromised blood flow
to fetus, & these changes require action! - ANSWERchanges in FHR
--fetal well-being determined by fundal height, fetal heart tones & rate, and uterine
activity (contractions)
Possible indications of preeclampsia & eclampsia are? - ANSWER-*visual disturbances*
-*swelling of face, fingers, or sacrum*
-*severe, continuous headache*
-*persistant vomiting*
-*epigastric pain*
-infection signs (*chills, temp >100.4, dysuria, pain in abd*)
-*fluid discharge* or *bleeding from vagina* (anything besides norm leukorrhea)
-*change in fetal movement* or *increased FHR*
Nurse's responsibility regarding prenatal vitamins? - ANSWERTeach about proper diet
& about taking prescribed vitamins as they have been prescribed by HCP
---only HCP can prescribe prenatal vitamins (aka ensure client receives adequate intake
of vitamins)
What should preg women eat to ensure daily calcium needs are met to help alleviate leg
cramps? - ANSWERequivalent of 3 cups of milk or yogurt per day
Name major discomforts of 1st trimester & suggestions to help relieve each -
ANSWER-N/V: crackers before rising
-fatigue: rest periods & naps & 7-8 hrs sleep at night
At 20 weeks gestation, the fundal height would be ; the fetus would weight approx
and would look like - ANSWERat umbilicus; 300-400g; a baby (w/ hair,
lanugo, & vernix, BUT w/o any subq fat)
Norm psychological responses to preg in 2nd trimester - ANSWER-ambivalence wanes
& acceptance of pregnancy occurs
-preg becomes "real"
-signs of maternal-fetal bonding occur
Hemodilution of preg peaks at weeks & result in an in a women's Hct? -
ANSWER28-32 weeks; decrease
3 principles relative to pattern of weight gain in preg - ANSWER-average 25-35 pounds
, -gain should be consistent throughout preg
-an avg of 1lb/week in 2nd & 3rd trimesters
During preg woman should add cals & drink cups of milk per day? -
ANSWER300 cals; 3 cups
FHR can be auscultated by Doppler at wks gestation - ANSWER10 to 12 weeks
Describe schedule of prenatal visits for low-risk preg woman - ANSWER-Once every 4
wks until 28 wks
-Every 2 wks from 28 to 36 wks
-Once per wk until delivery
In some states, screening for neural tube defects by testing either or is
mandated by state law. This screening test is highly associated w/ both false positives &
false negatives - ANSWERmaternal serum alphafetoprotein (AFP) or amniotic fluid AFP
levels
When amniocentesis is done early in preg, bladder must be vs done late bladder
must be - ANSWER*Early in preg:* bladder must be full to help support the
uterus & help push uterus up into abd for easy access
*Late in preg:* bladder must be empty to avoid puncture
Early decels, caused by & , usually occur & -
ANSWERCaused by head compression & fetal descent Usually
occur btw 4 and 7 cm & in 2nd stage of labor
---check for labor progress if early decels are noted
If cord prolapse is detected, what should examiner do? - ANSWERPosition mother
knee-to-chest (or l lateral) to relieve pressure on cord
OR
Push the presenting part off the cord until immediate c/s can be accomplished
Late decels indicate & are associated w/ what conditions? - ANSWER*indicate
UPI*
-associated w/ conditions such as: *post maturity, preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus,
cardiac disease, & abruptio placentae*
When decels patterns (late or variable) are associated w/ decreased or absent
variability & tachycardia, the situation is & requires what? - ANSWERSituation is
ominous (potentially disastrous) & requires immediate intervention & fetal assessment
A decrease in uteroplacental perfusion results from . Cord compression results
from . Nursing interventions include? - ANSWER-*𝗍 uteroplacental perfusion =
late decels* (uniform shape, return to baseline after contraction, depth doesn't indicate
severity, rarely falls below 100 bpm)
LATEST ACTUAL EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+
Ovulation occurs how many days before the next menstrual period? (AKA between
ovulation & beginning of next menstrual cycle, there are how many days?) -
ANSWER14
To prevent pregnancy, a couple must avoid unprotected sex for days before
anticipated ovulation & for days after ovulation to prevent pregnancy -
ANSWERSeveral days before antcipated ovulation & 3 days after ovulation
---sperm live approx 3 days
---eggs live about 24 hrs
Because some women experience or , they do not know they are pregnant
- ANSWERimplantation bleeding OR spotting
Signs of maternal-fetal bonding in utero? - ANSWERtalking to fetus in utero massaging
abdomen
nicknaming fetus
For women, battering (emotional/physcial abuse) begins during preg. How should
women be assessed for abuse? - ANSWERIn private, away from male partner, by nurse
who is familiar w/ local resources & knows how to determine safety of the client
A women who is 6 wks preg has the following maternal history: -healthy 2 yo daughter
-miscarriage at 10 wks
-elective abortion at 6 weeks
-5 years earlier
(what is her GTPAL?) - ANSWER4-1-0-2-1
gravida 4, para 1 (only 1 delivery after 20 wks gestation)
What is EBD using Nagele's rule?
--Woman's last menstrual period Oct. 17 - ANSWERCount back 3 months +7 days
--July 24
When does plasma volume increase during preg? - ANSWERAt approx 28 to 32
weeks, plasma volume increase 25-40%, resulting in hemodilution of Hct values 32-
42%
--High Hct values may look good, BUT in reality they represent a gestational HTN
disorder & depleted vascular space
Foods high in iron - ANSWER-fish & red meats
-cereals & yellow vegetables
-green leafy vegetables & citrus fruits
,-egg yolks and dried fruits
What position increases perfusion to uterus, placenta, and fetus? - ANSWERL side-
lying
Changes in are the 1st & most important indicators of compromised blood flow
to fetus, & these changes require action! - ANSWERchanges in FHR
--fetal well-being determined by fundal height, fetal heart tones & rate, and uterine
activity (contractions)
Possible indications of preeclampsia & eclampsia are? - ANSWER-*visual disturbances*
-*swelling of face, fingers, or sacrum*
-*severe, continuous headache*
-*persistant vomiting*
-*epigastric pain*
-infection signs (*chills, temp >100.4, dysuria, pain in abd*)
-*fluid discharge* or *bleeding from vagina* (anything besides norm leukorrhea)
-*change in fetal movement* or *increased FHR*
Nurse's responsibility regarding prenatal vitamins? - ANSWERTeach about proper diet
& about taking prescribed vitamins as they have been prescribed by HCP
---only HCP can prescribe prenatal vitamins (aka ensure client receives adequate intake
of vitamins)
What should preg women eat to ensure daily calcium needs are met to help alleviate leg
cramps? - ANSWERequivalent of 3 cups of milk or yogurt per day
Name major discomforts of 1st trimester & suggestions to help relieve each -
ANSWER-N/V: crackers before rising
-fatigue: rest periods & naps & 7-8 hrs sleep at night
At 20 weeks gestation, the fundal height would be ; the fetus would weight approx
and would look like - ANSWERat umbilicus; 300-400g; a baby (w/ hair,
lanugo, & vernix, BUT w/o any subq fat)
Norm psychological responses to preg in 2nd trimester - ANSWER-ambivalence wanes
& acceptance of pregnancy occurs
-preg becomes "real"
-signs of maternal-fetal bonding occur
Hemodilution of preg peaks at weeks & result in an in a women's Hct? -
ANSWER28-32 weeks; decrease
3 principles relative to pattern of weight gain in preg - ANSWER-average 25-35 pounds
, -gain should be consistent throughout preg
-an avg of 1lb/week in 2nd & 3rd trimesters
During preg woman should add cals & drink cups of milk per day? -
ANSWER300 cals; 3 cups
FHR can be auscultated by Doppler at wks gestation - ANSWER10 to 12 weeks
Describe schedule of prenatal visits for low-risk preg woman - ANSWER-Once every 4
wks until 28 wks
-Every 2 wks from 28 to 36 wks
-Once per wk until delivery
In some states, screening for neural tube defects by testing either or is
mandated by state law. This screening test is highly associated w/ both false positives &
false negatives - ANSWERmaternal serum alphafetoprotein (AFP) or amniotic fluid AFP
levels
When amniocentesis is done early in preg, bladder must be vs done late bladder
must be - ANSWER*Early in preg:* bladder must be full to help support the
uterus & help push uterus up into abd for easy access
*Late in preg:* bladder must be empty to avoid puncture
Early decels, caused by & , usually occur & -
ANSWERCaused by head compression & fetal descent Usually
occur btw 4 and 7 cm & in 2nd stage of labor
---check for labor progress if early decels are noted
If cord prolapse is detected, what should examiner do? - ANSWERPosition mother
knee-to-chest (or l lateral) to relieve pressure on cord
OR
Push the presenting part off the cord until immediate c/s can be accomplished
Late decels indicate & are associated w/ what conditions? - ANSWER*indicate
UPI*
-associated w/ conditions such as: *post maturity, preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus,
cardiac disease, & abruptio placentae*
When decels patterns (late or variable) are associated w/ decreased or absent
variability & tachycardia, the situation is & requires what? - ANSWERSituation is
ominous (potentially disastrous) & requires immediate intervention & fetal assessment
A decrease in uteroplacental perfusion results from . Cord compression results
from . Nursing interventions include? - ANSWER-*𝗍 uteroplacental perfusion =
late decels* (uniform shape, return to baseline after contraction, depth doesn't indicate
severity, rarely falls below 100 bpm)
