FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS.
VERIFIED 2025/2026.
Mentalism - ANS Aristotle - The mind is responsible for human thought and behavior. Brain's
function was to cool blood, there was no context for how the brain affects behaviorism.
Dualism - ANS Descartes - Body is like a machine, it is material and responds reflexively to the
events that impinge on it. The mind is nonmaterial and different from the body. The mind
decides that actions of the machine.
Mind-body problem - ANS The problem of explaining how a nonmaterial mind and material
body interact.
Materialism - ANS Darwin - Behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system
without explanatory recourse of the mind.
Localization of Function - ANS Theory that different brain regions have different functions.
Gall and Spurzheim were the first to propose and assign traits to part of the skull.
Gall - ANS Phrenology - Personality can be determined by the shape of the skull.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Lateralization of function - ANS Process by which functions become located primarily on one
side of the brain
Broca's aphasia - ANS Inability to speak fluently despite the presence of normal
comprehension and intact vocal mechanisms
Wernicke's aphasia - ANS Inability to comprehend or to produce meaningful speech even
though the production of words remain intact
Hierarchical Organization - ANS Each successively higher level of the NS controls more
complex aspects of behavior. Lower is the basic function, not a lot of behavioral flexibility.
Higher is more precision and flexibility.
Neuron Theory - ANS (1) Neurons are discrete cells that interact but are not physically
connected
(2) Neurons send electrical signals that have a chemical basis
(3) Neurons use chemical signals to communicate with one another
Neuron communication - ANS Sherrington - Synapse
Loewi claimed that chemicals must carry the message across the synapse
Hebbian synapse - ANS If you have two neurons firing at the same time, they create a
stronger connection. This is the basis of learning
Divisions of the Nervous System - ANS Central Nervous System
- Brain & Spinal Cord
Peripheral Nervous System
- Somatic nervous system
- Cranial and Spinal nerves
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS.
VERIFIED 2025/2026.
Mentalism - ANS Aristotle - The mind is responsible for human thought and behavior. Brain's
function was to cool blood, there was no context for how the brain affects behaviorism.
Dualism - ANS Descartes - Body is like a machine, it is material and responds reflexively to the
events that impinge on it. The mind is nonmaterial and different from the body. The mind
decides that actions of the machine.
Mind-body problem - ANS The problem of explaining how a nonmaterial mind and material
body interact.
Materialism - ANS Darwin - Behavior can be explained as a function of the nervous system
without explanatory recourse of the mind.
Localization of Function - ANS Theory that different brain regions have different functions.
Gall and Spurzheim were the first to propose and assign traits to part of the skull.
Gall - ANS Phrenology - Personality can be determined by the shape of the skull.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Lateralization of function - ANS Process by which functions become located primarily on one
side of the brain
Broca's aphasia - ANS Inability to speak fluently despite the presence of normal
comprehension and intact vocal mechanisms
Wernicke's aphasia - ANS Inability to comprehend or to produce meaningful speech even
though the production of words remain intact
Hierarchical Organization - ANS Each successively higher level of the NS controls more
complex aspects of behavior. Lower is the basic function, not a lot of behavioral flexibility.
Higher is more precision and flexibility.
Neuron Theory - ANS (1) Neurons are discrete cells that interact but are not physically
connected
(2) Neurons send electrical signals that have a chemical basis
(3) Neurons use chemical signals to communicate with one another
Neuron communication - ANS Sherrington - Synapse
Loewi claimed that chemicals must carry the message across the synapse
Hebbian synapse - ANS If you have two neurons firing at the same time, they create a
stronger connection. This is the basis of learning
Divisions of the Nervous System - ANS Central Nervous System
- Brain & Spinal Cord
Peripheral Nervous System
- Somatic nervous system
- Cranial and Spinal nerves
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
