Final TESU physics 116; Questions and Answers Verified 100% Correct

Final TESU physics 116; Questions and Answers Verified 100% Correct The ratio v^2 / c^2 is very small and for everyday speeds may be taken - ANSWER -to zero if the acceleration of the spaceship were equal to G the occupants could well be convinced that the ship - ANSWER -was not accelerating but was at rest on the surface of earth state the principle of equivalence - ANSWER -observations made in an accelerated reference frame are indistinguishable from observations made in a Newtonian gravitational field you throw a ball in a (straight-line path) accelerating ship what does the observer see and what does the man in the spaceship see - ANSWER -observer= straight line path man in ship= path is curved. key word accelerating ship This holds true for a beam of light ball (thrown horizontal across spaceship) at a velocity equal to that of light - ANSWER -ball still curves downward (only to man inside observing) gravitation is an interaction between masses . what is light - ANSWER -light may be massless but it is not energyless. therefore, gravity pulls on the energy of light because energy is equivalent to mass. a circular disk with a clock in (clock 1) center, (clock 2) at edge, (clock 3) and on ground. - ANSWER -outer clock runs slower than inner clock. clock 1 & 3 run at same rate. clock 2 runs slower In our clock example, an observer at clock 3 sees clock 2 doing what - ANSWER -clock 2 runs slower because it is moving In our clock example, POV from observer at clock 1 sees clock 2 doing what - ANSWER -sees clock 2 running slower applying principle of equivalence. (any effect of acceleration can be duplicated by gravity) we must conclude that as we move in the direction in which a gravitational force acts, time will be - ANSWER -slowed since every atom is a clock an a slowing down of atomic vibration indicates the slowing down of clocks. an atom on sun should emit light of a lower Frequency (slower vibration) than light emitted by the same element on earth. Since red light is at - ANSWER -lower frequency. lowering frequency shifts the color red. this is the gravitational red shift. measurements of time depend on both - ANSWER -relative motion and gravity in special relativity time dilation depends on the - ANSWER -speed of one frame of reference relative to another in general relativity gravitational red shift depends on - ANSWER -one location of one point in a gravitational field relative to another one since a photons frequency is proportional to its energy, its frequency - ANSWER -decreases as its energy decreases In a black hole, a photon, and frequency is - ANSWER -unable to escape-loses all energy. frequency gravitational red-shifted to zero near the sun, where the effect of gravity on time is greatest, what is the rate of precession - ANSWER -should be the greatest A measuring stick appears ________ to an observer who is not moving with the stick. (in an accelerated F.O.R. - ANSWER -contracted in a rotating disk measurements of distance will depend on - ANSWER -strength of gravitational field In triangles - lines of shortest distance are called - ANSWER -geodesic lines or geodisics what does the path of a light beam follow - ANSWER -a geodisic any accelerating object produces a gravitational wave. The more massive and object ----- - ANSWER -the greater its acceleration, the stronger the resulting gravitational wave why cant we travel at 99.99% the speed of light - ANSWER -not enough propulsive energy and shielding against radiation. hypothetical particles that could move both faster than light and backward in time are called - ANSWER -tachyons how may observers in universe see us from their point of view - ANSWER -they see us living in slow motion what does the concept of time apply to - ANSWER -events and entities within the universe, not the universe as a whole where does spacetime exist - ANSWER -WITHIN the universe as the speed of an object approaches the speed of light, its momentum? - ANSWER -approaches infinity photons of light are - ANSWER -massless a piece of matter, even at rest and not interacting with anything else, has an "energy of being" this is called - ANSWER -rest energy