UTA FNP 2 - MIDTERM, MODULE 1 - ENT/UPPER AIRWAY
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
Blepharitis, pharm Ans✓✓✓Antibiotic ointments - (BEQ)
o Bacitracin, erythromycin, and quinolone (any -floxacin).
o If infx doesn't respond to topical meds, if you have resistant infections
- use oral antibiotics.
· First line - doxycycline 100mg PO twice a day.
· Tetracycline 250 mg 4 times daily can also be given.
Blepharitis, anterior presentation Ans✓✓✓o Staphylococcal blepharitis
characterized by scaling, crusting, and erythema of the eyelid margin,
more common among women in their 40s.
o Eyelid staph infection - Eyelash loss; crusting or matting of eyelashes
upon waking; flaking or scaling of eyelid skin.
Blepharitis, posterior presentation Ans✓✓✓o Inflammation and
dysfunction of the meibomian gland within eyelid.
o Excess foamy discharge, chalazion (aka meibomian cyst, is a small,
firm, painless bump that develops on the eyelid), and ocular rosacea is
common.
Conjunctivitis, bacterial, presentation Ans✓✓✓o Sclera of the eye gets
red, and sometimes itchy, and sometimes there will be exudates.
§ Typically, if you see the exudates, it is bacterial conjunctivitis.
,o The organisms that cause the bacteria are Staph, Strep, H flu, and M
catarrhalis - same as upper respiratory infx.
o Pseudomonas is another less likely cause and, of course, gonorrhea can
cause it as well.
Conjunctivitis, bacterial, pharm Ans✓✓✓o Pharm -
§ Azithromycin 1% solution
§ Erythromycin 0.5% ointment
§ Gentamicin 0.3% solution
§ Sulfacetamide 10% (Bleph-10, Isopto Cetamide, or Sodium Sulamyd)
§ Tobramycin (Tobrex)
§ Bacitracin/polymyxin B 500 u/g ointment
§ Ciprofloxacin 0.3% (Ciloxan)
§ Ofloxacin 0.3% (Ocuflox)
§ Besfloxacin 0.6% suspension
§ Moxifloxacin 0.5% (Vigamox) (more severe cases)
§ Gatifloxacin 0.3% (Zymar) (more severe cases)
Conjunctivitis, viral, assessment Ans✓✓✓o Assessment findings are
erythema, burning, exudate, itching, sensation of foreign body, ocular
exudate with matting, preauricular adenopathy, tearing and dendrites are
present in herpetic infections.
o Evaluate and treat for systemic herpes.
o You don't want them to get herpes in the eye, because it can cause
blindness.
, o If a fluorescein stain is done and you see dendrites, these patients need
to be referred immediately to an ophthalmologist.
Conjunctivitis, viral, pharm Ans✓✓✓o Pharm -
§ Topical vidarabine or trifluridine 5 times daily for 10 days
Conjunctivitis, Red Flags Ans✓✓✓· Red flags - diminished visual
acuity, photophobia, foreign body sensation, corneal opacity, fixed
pupil, severe headache, and proptosis.
Corneal Abrasion, pharm Ans✓✓✓· Pharm -
o Eye rx - Ciprofloxacin.
§ Want to use broad spectrum.
Cataracts, assessment Ans✓✓✓· Assessment -
o Opacification of the lens.
o Diminished red reflex and a white reflex.
o Blurred vision and see halo around lights.
o Diminished night vision, and diminished visual acuity.
Strabismus, different types/patterns Ans✓✓✓· Different types -
o Esotropia - where the eye drifts inward.
o Exotropia - where it drifts outward.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
Blepharitis, pharm Ans✓✓✓Antibiotic ointments - (BEQ)
o Bacitracin, erythromycin, and quinolone (any -floxacin).
o If infx doesn't respond to topical meds, if you have resistant infections
- use oral antibiotics.
· First line - doxycycline 100mg PO twice a day.
· Tetracycline 250 mg 4 times daily can also be given.
Blepharitis, anterior presentation Ans✓✓✓o Staphylococcal blepharitis
characterized by scaling, crusting, and erythema of the eyelid margin,
more common among women in their 40s.
o Eyelid staph infection - Eyelash loss; crusting or matting of eyelashes
upon waking; flaking or scaling of eyelid skin.
Blepharitis, posterior presentation Ans✓✓✓o Inflammation and
dysfunction of the meibomian gland within eyelid.
o Excess foamy discharge, chalazion (aka meibomian cyst, is a small,
firm, painless bump that develops on the eyelid), and ocular rosacea is
common.
Conjunctivitis, bacterial, presentation Ans✓✓✓o Sclera of the eye gets
red, and sometimes itchy, and sometimes there will be exudates.
§ Typically, if you see the exudates, it is bacterial conjunctivitis.
,o The organisms that cause the bacteria are Staph, Strep, H flu, and M
catarrhalis - same as upper respiratory infx.
o Pseudomonas is another less likely cause and, of course, gonorrhea can
cause it as well.
Conjunctivitis, bacterial, pharm Ans✓✓✓o Pharm -
§ Azithromycin 1% solution
§ Erythromycin 0.5% ointment
§ Gentamicin 0.3% solution
§ Sulfacetamide 10% (Bleph-10, Isopto Cetamide, or Sodium Sulamyd)
§ Tobramycin (Tobrex)
§ Bacitracin/polymyxin B 500 u/g ointment
§ Ciprofloxacin 0.3% (Ciloxan)
§ Ofloxacin 0.3% (Ocuflox)
§ Besfloxacin 0.6% suspension
§ Moxifloxacin 0.5% (Vigamox) (more severe cases)
§ Gatifloxacin 0.3% (Zymar) (more severe cases)
Conjunctivitis, viral, assessment Ans✓✓✓o Assessment findings are
erythema, burning, exudate, itching, sensation of foreign body, ocular
exudate with matting, preauricular adenopathy, tearing and dendrites are
present in herpetic infections.
o Evaluate and treat for systemic herpes.
o You don't want them to get herpes in the eye, because it can cause
blindness.
, o If a fluorescein stain is done and you see dendrites, these patients need
to be referred immediately to an ophthalmologist.
Conjunctivitis, viral, pharm Ans✓✓✓o Pharm -
§ Topical vidarabine or trifluridine 5 times daily for 10 days
Conjunctivitis, Red Flags Ans✓✓✓· Red flags - diminished visual
acuity, photophobia, foreign body sensation, corneal opacity, fixed
pupil, severe headache, and proptosis.
Corneal Abrasion, pharm Ans✓✓✓· Pharm -
o Eye rx - Ciprofloxacin.
§ Want to use broad spectrum.
Cataracts, assessment Ans✓✓✓· Assessment -
o Opacification of the lens.
o Diminished red reflex and a white reflex.
o Blurred vision and see halo around lights.
o Diminished night vision, and diminished visual acuity.
Strabismus, different types/patterns Ans✓✓✓· Different types -
o Esotropia - where the eye drifts inward.
o Exotropia - where it drifts outward.
