1
NBEO Pharmacology Questions with Answers
(100% Correct Answers)
3 M/action of antibiotics Answer: Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
(peptidoglycan)
Inhibition of protein synthesis (30s+50s)
Interference of bacterial DNA (folic acid)
What AB drug classes inhibit cell wall synthesis? Answer: Bacitracin
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
What AB drug classes inhibit protein synthesis? Answer: buy AT 30, CEL at 50
Aminoglycosides + Tetracyclines: 30S
Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin (macrocodes) , cLindamycin: 50S
Which AB drug classes interfere with bacterial DNA? Answer: Sulfonamides,
trimethoprim, pyrimethamine: folic acid inhibition
Fluoroquinolones: inhibit DNA gyrate and topoisomerase IV
Most oral antibiotics have the side affect of ______ Answer: GI upset
M/Action of Bacitracin: Answer: Inhibit peptidoglycan in cell wall formation
(logs of a log cabin)
Classify Bacitracin: (gram status and vehicle) Answer: Antibiotic ointment,
effective against gram positive only
Bacitracin is often prescribed for the treatment of: Answer: blepharitis
,2
Bacitracin is often combined with __________________________ to form
Polysporin (gram + and -). Answer: Polymyxin B
What is Polysporin? Answer: Antibiotic: Bacitracin + Polymyxin B- effective
against both gram + and gram -
What is Neosporin? Answer: Antibiotic: Polysporin + Neomycin
M/Action of Penicillins: Answer: Inhibit transpeptidase in cell wall formation
(glue of the log cabin)
M/Action of Cephalosporins: Answer: Inhibit transpeptidase in cell wall
formation (glue of the log cabin)
Penicillins and cephalosporins are similar in that they both have a Answer: beta
lactam ring-- potential for cross sensitivity reaction
What is Augmentin? Answer: Fortified antibiotic: Amoxicillin + clavulonic
acid (penicillinase inhibitor)
Classify Dicloxacillin: (class and gram) Answer: Penicillin antibiotic, mostly
effective against gram +
Is Dicloxacillin resistant to penicillinase? Answer: Yes
Is Amoxicillin resistant to penicillinase? Answer: No (that's why Augmentin is
used more often)
Amoxicillin is often combined with ___________________________ to form
Augmentin, which is a fortified antibiotic. Answer: Clavulonic acid
(penicillinase inhibitor)
Classify Amoxicillin: (class and gram) Answer: Penicillin antibiotic, effective
against both gram + and gram -
Is Dicloxacillin effective against MRSA? Answer: NO
Are Penicillins safe in pregnancy? Answer: Yes
,3
which penicillin is better for use of eyelid infections? (hordeolum, preseptal,
etc) Answer: dicloxacillin
Common side effects of Penicillins: Answer: Hypersensitivity reactions (type
1)-- anaphylaxis
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Penicillins and Cephalosporins are contraindicated in patients with a history of:
Answer: IgE Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria, anaphylaxis)
T/F: if pt is allergic to PCN, do NOT give cephalosporins Answer: true
________ and _________ generation Cephalosporins are effective against both
gram-positive AND gram-negative bacteria. Answer: 3rd
4th
Common uses for Cephalexin (Keflex): Answer: Hordeolum, preseptal
cellulitis, dacryoadenitis, dacryocystitis
Cephalexin is a ____ generation and ceftriaxone is a ____ generation Answer:
1st(+) and 3rd (+/-)
Cephalexin is a gram_____ Answer: gram +
Classify Ceftriaxone: (class/gen, gram spectrum) Answer: 3rd-gen
Cephalosporin- IV is treatment of choice for gonococcal conjunctivitis & orbital
cellulitis (gram + and -)
Drug of choice for treatment of gonococcal conjunctivitis: Answer: IV
Ceftriaxone
Drug of choice for treatment of orbital cellulitis: Answer: IV Ceftriaxone
Common side effects of Cephalosporins: Answer: Hypersensitivity reactions
Vitamin K reduction (blood thinning)
, 4
Which drug classes bind the 30s subunit to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis?
Answer: Aminoglycosides & Tetracyclines
what drugs make up the ahminoglycosides class? Answer: Tobramycin
Gentamicin
Classify Gentamicin: (class and gram spectrum) Answer: Aminoglycoside
antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
M/Action of Gentamicin: Answer: Bind 30s subunit to inhibit bacterial protein
synthesis
Classify Tobramycin: (class and gram spectrum) Answer: Aminoglycoside
antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
M/Action of Tobramycin: Answer: Bind 30s subunit to inhibit bacterial protein
synthesis
What is TobraDex? Answer: Tobramycin + Dexamethasone ophthalmic
preparation
Common side effects of topical aminoglycosides, including tobradex: Answer:
SPK (enhances drug penetration)
Delayed corneal re-epithelialization
What drugs make up the Tetracycline class? Answer: Tetracycline
doxycycline
minocycline
Classify Tetracycline: (class and gram spectrum) Answer: Tetracycline
antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
Classify Doxycycline: (class and gram spectrum) Answer: Tetracycline
antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
NBEO Pharmacology Questions with Answers
(100% Correct Answers)
3 M/action of antibiotics Answer: Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
(peptidoglycan)
Inhibition of protein synthesis (30s+50s)
Interference of bacterial DNA (folic acid)
What AB drug classes inhibit cell wall synthesis? Answer: Bacitracin
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
What AB drug classes inhibit protein synthesis? Answer: buy AT 30, CEL at 50
Aminoglycosides + Tetracyclines: 30S
Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin (macrocodes) , cLindamycin: 50S
Which AB drug classes interfere with bacterial DNA? Answer: Sulfonamides,
trimethoprim, pyrimethamine: folic acid inhibition
Fluoroquinolones: inhibit DNA gyrate and topoisomerase IV
Most oral antibiotics have the side affect of ______ Answer: GI upset
M/Action of Bacitracin: Answer: Inhibit peptidoglycan in cell wall formation
(logs of a log cabin)
Classify Bacitracin: (gram status and vehicle) Answer: Antibiotic ointment,
effective against gram positive only
Bacitracin is often prescribed for the treatment of: Answer: blepharitis
,2
Bacitracin is often combined with __________________________ to form
Polysporin (gram + and -). Answer: Polymyxin B
What is Polysporin? Answer: Antibiotic: Bacitracin + Polymyxin B- effective
against both gram + and gram -
What is Neosporin? Answer: Antibiotic: Polysporin + Neomycin
M/Action of Penicillins: Answer: Inhibit transpeptidase in cell wall formation
(glue of the log cabin)
M/Action of Cephalosporins: Answer: Inhibit transpeptidase in cell wall
formation (glue of the log cabin)
Penicillins and cephalosporins are similar in that they both have a Answer: beta
lactam ring-- potential for cross sensitivity reaction
What is Augmentin? Answer: Fortified antibiotic: Amoxicillin + clavulonic
acid (penicillinase inhibitor)
Classify Dicloxacillin: (class and gram) Answer: Penicillin antibiotic, mostly
effective against gram +
Is Dicloxacillin resistant to penicillinase? Answer: Yes
Is Amoxicillin resistant to penicillinase? Answer: No (that's why Augmentin is
used more often)
Amoxicillin is often combined with ___________________________ to form
Augmentin, which is a fortified antibiotic. Answer: Clavulonic acid
(penicillinase inhibitor)
Classify Amoxicillin: (class and gram) Answer: Penicillin antibiotic, effective
against both gram + and gram -
Is Dicloxacillin effective against MRSA? Answer: NO
Are Penicillins safe in pregnancy? Answer: Yes
,3
which penicillin is better for use of eyelid infections? (hordeolum, preseptal,
etc) Answer: dicloxacillin
Common side effects of Penicillins: Answer: Hypersensitivity reactions (type
1)-- anaphylaxis
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Penicillins and Cephalosporins are contraindicated in patients with a history of:
Answer: IgE Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria, anaphylaxis)
T/F: if pt is allergic to PCN, do NOT give cephalosporins Answer: true
________ and _________ generation Cephalosporins are effective against both
gram-positive AND gram-negative bacteria. Answer: 3rd
4th
Common uses for Cephalexin (Keflex): Answer: Hordeolum, preseptal
cellulitis, dacryoadenitis, dacryocystitis
Cephalexin is a ____ generation and ceftriaxone is a ____ generation Answer:
1st(+) and 3rd (+/-)
Cephalexin is a gram_____ Answer: gram +
Classify Ceftriaxone: (class/gen, gram spectrum) Answer: 3rd-gen
Cephalosporin- IV is treatment of choice for gonococcal conjunctivitis & orbital
cellulitis (gram + and -)
Drug of choice for treatment of gonococcal conjunctivitis: Answer: IV
Ceftriaxone
Drug of choice for treatment of orbital cellulitis: Answer: IV Ceftriaxone
Common side effects of Cephalosporins: Answer: Hypersensitivity reactions
Vitamin K reduction (blood thinning)
, 4
Which drug classes bind the 30s subunit to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis?
Answer: Aminoglycosides & Tetracyclines
what drugs make up the ahminoglycosides class? Answer: Tobramycin
Gentamicin
Classify Gentamicin: (class and gram spectrum) Answer: Aminoglycoside
antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
M/Action of Gentamicin: Answer: Bind 30s subunit to inhibit bacterial protein
synthesis
Classify Tobramycin: (class and gram spectrum) Answer: Aminoglycoside
antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
M/Action of Tobramycin: Answer: Bind 30s subunit to inhibit bacterial protein
synthesis
What is TobraDex? Answer: Tobramycin + Dexamethasone ophthalmic
preparation
Common side effects of topical aminoglycosides, including tobradex: Answer:
SPK (enhances drug penetration)
Delayed corneal re-epithelialization
What drugs make up the Tetracycline class? Answer: Tetracycline
doxycycline
minocycline
Classify Tetracycline: (class and gram spectrum) Answer: Tetracycline
antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
Classify Doxycycline: (class and gram spectrum) Answer: Tetracycline
antibiotic, effective against both Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
