CMN 102 MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
Experiential reality - Answer -How I feel about being a student at Davis.
- I can feel this way because I have experienced the situation I am talking about
Experiential reality - Answer -How I feel about being a student at Davis.
- I can feel this way because I have experienced the situation I am talking about
Agreement reality - Answer -How Davis students view UCSB as a party school, but
have actually never gone there.
- things we believe are true are based on a social agreement
Agreement reality - Answer -How Davis students view UCSB as a party school, but
have actually never gone there.
- things we believe are true are based on a social agreement
Tradition (1st kind of agreement reality) - Answer -Beef has to be cooked in America
before we eat it, but in other countries this is not the case.
- a body of knowledge that has been handed down to us
Tradition (1st kind of agreement reality) - Answer -Beef has to be cooked in America
before we eat it, but in other countries this is not the case.
- a body of knowledge that has been handed down to us
Authority (2nd kind of agreement reality) - Answer -When popular athletes advertise the
nutrition facts for a food brand.
- things we believe are true because of an authority figure
Authority (2nd kind of agreement reality) - Answer -When popular athletes advertise the
nutrition facts for a food brand.
- things we believe are true because of an authority figure
Inaccurate Observation - Answer -- scientists create set ways of experimenting in order
to overcome inaccuracy.
-Goals in science: to predict and to understand
Inaccurate Observation - Answer -- scientists create set ways of experimenting in order
to overcome inaccuracy.
-Goals in science: to predict and to understand
Selective Observation - Answer -"I'll see it when I believe it"
-try to guard this by doing random sampling
- overcoming error: to make observations conscious and systematic
Selective Observation - Answer -"I'll see it when I believe it"
,-try to guard this by doing random sampling
- overcoming error: to make observations conscious and systematic
Overgeneralization - Answer -stereotype
-we assume that a few similar events are evidence of a general pattern
- overcoming error: random sampling and replicating findings
Overgeneralization - Answer -stereotype
-we assume that a few similar events are evidence of a general pattern
- overcoming error: random sampling and replicating findings
Ex Post Facto Hypothesizing - Answer -You don't like your neighbor, but then you find
out he does nice things to support the community. However, you still continue to find
reasons not to like him.
- dismiss observations that are not consistent with our beliefs
Ex Post Facto Hypothesizing - Answer -You don't like your neighbor, but then you find
out he does nice things to support the community. However, you still continue to find
reasons not to like him.
- dismiss observations that are not consistent with our beliefs
Ego-Involvement in Understanding - Answer -A scientist comes up with a theory and
gets it published. This is the theory that is used for years, but then a new scientist
comes in and says there is a flaw in the theory. The old scientist can not accept the fact
that his theory has flaws.
- how we see ourselves and how we think others perceive us
Ego-Involvement in Understanding - Answer -A scientist comes up with a theory and
gets it published. This is the theory that is used for years, but then a new scientist
comes in and says there is a flaw in the theory. The old scientist can not accept the fact
that his theory has flaws.
- how we see ourselves and how we think others perceive us
Premature Closure of Inquiry - Answer -When people thought the world was flat, then
when others started to question that the people thought it was unnecessary.
- we believe that we have a clear understanding of how something works so we dismiss
other ways of thinking.
- we have already solved the problem
Premature Closure of Inquiry - Answer -When people thought the world was flat, then
when others started to question that the people thought it was unnecessary.
- we believe that we have a clear understanding of how something works so we dismiss
other ways of thinking.
- we have already solved the problem
Mystification - Answer -Religion, aliens, the idea of "why ask why?"
, -the assignment of supernatural causes to things we can not explain.
Mystification - Answer -Religion, aliens, the idea of "why ask why?"
-the assignment of supernatural causes to things we can not explain.
3 broad purposes of research - Answer -exploration
description
explanation: idiographic or nomothetic
3 broad purposes of research - Answer -exploration
description
explanation: idiographic or nomothetic
Idiographic - Answer -Collect the reasons why I go to Davis. Explaining unique factors
of a particular case. Based on specific context, individual, and case.
Idiographic - Answer -Collect the reasons why I go to Davis. Explaining unique factors
of a particular case. Based on specific context, individual, and case.
Nomothetic - Answer -Collect reasons why lots of people go to Davis and create
quantitative data.Explaining the major factors that shape a wide range of cases.
General laws of behavior that can be applied to everyone.
Nomothetic - Answer -Collect reasons why lots of people go to Davis and create
quantitative data.Explaining the major factors that shape a wide range of cases.
General laws of behavior that can be applied to everyone.
Theories - Answer -can be approached two ways:
inductive
deductive
Theories - Answer -can be approached two ways:
inductive
deductive
Inductive - Answer -1. Observations
2. hypothesis
3. test your theory
You feel sick, you are at a restaurant, therefor you can conclude that you feel sick
because you ate at the restaurant. Now you have to explain why this is
- this does NOT tell us why it is happening it just tell us that it is happening
-Qualitative
Inductive - Answer -1. Observations
2. hypothesis
3. test your theory
Experiential reality - Answer -How I feel about being a student at Davis.
- I can feel this way because I have experienced the situation I am talking about
Experiential reality - Answer -How I feel about being a student at Davis.
- I can feel this way because I have experienced the situation I am talking about
Agreement reality - Answer -How Davis students view UCSB as a party school, but
have actually never gone there.
- things we believe are true are based on a social agreement
Agreement reality - Answer -How Davis students view UCSB as a party school, but
have actually never gone there.
- things we believe are true are based on a social agreement
Tradition (1st kind of agreement reality) - Answer -Beef has to be cooked in America
before we eat it, but in other countries this is not the case.
- a body of knowledge that has been handed down to us
Tradition (1st kind of agreement reality) - Answer -Beef has to be cooked in America
before we eat it, but in other countries this is not the case.
- a body of knowledge that has been handed down to us
Authority (2nd kind of agreement reality) - Answer -When popular athletes advertise the
nutrition facts for a food brand.
- things we believe are true because of an authority figure
Authority (2nd kind of agreement reality) - Answer -When popular athletes advertise the
nutrition facts for a food brand.
- things we believe are true because of an authority figure
Inaccurate Observation - Answer -- scientists create set ways of experimenting in order
to overcome inaccuracy.
-Goals in science: to predict and to understand
Inaccurate Observation - Answer -- scientists create set ways of experimenting in order
to overcome inaccuracy.
-Goals in science: to predict and to understand
Selective Observation - Answer -"I'll see it when I believe it"
-try to guard this by doing random sampling
- overcoming error: to make observations conscious and systematic
Selective Observation - Answer -"I'll see it when I believe it"
,-try to guard this by doing random sampling
- overcoming error: to make observations conscious and systematic
Overgeneralization - Answer -stereotype
-we assume that a few similar events are evidence of a general pattern
- overcoming error: random sampling and replicating findings
Overgeneralization - Answer -stereotype
-we assume that a few similar events are evidence of a general pattern
- overcoming error: random sampling and replicating findings
Ex Post Facto Hypothesizing - Answer -You don't like your neighbor, but then you find
out he does nice things to support the community. However, you still continue to find
reasons not to like him.
- dismiss observations that are not consistent with our beliefs
Ex Post Facto Hypothesizing - Answer -You don't like your neighbor, but then you find
out he does nice things to support the community. However, you still continue to find
reasons not to like him.
- dismiss observations that are not consistent with our beliefs
Ego-Involvement in Understanding - Answer -A scientist comes up with a theory and
gets it published. This is the theory that is used for years, but then a new scientist
comes in and says there is a flaw in the theory. The old scientist can not accept the fact
that his theory has flaws.
- how we see ourselves and how we think others perceive us
Ego-Involvement in Understanding - Answer -A scientist comes up with a theory and
gets it published. This is the theory that is used for years, but then a new scientist
comes in and says there is a flaw in the theory. The old scientist can not accept the fact
that his theory has flaws.
- how we see ourselves and how we think others perceive us
Premature Closure of Inquiry - Answer -When people thought the world was flat, then
when others started to question that the people thought it was unnecessary.
- we believe that we have a clear understanding of how something works so we dismiss
other ways of thinking.
- we have already solved the problem
Premature Closure of Inquiry - Answer -When people thought the world was flat, then
when others started to question that the people thought it was unnecessary.
- we believe that we have a clear understanding of how something works so we dismiss
other ways of thinking.
- we have already solved the problem
Mystification - Answer -Religion, aliens, the idea of "why ask why?"
, -the assignment of supernatural causes to things we can not explain.
Mystification - Answer -Religion, aliens, the idea of "why ask why?"
-the assignment of supernatural causes to things we can not explain.
3 broad purposes of research - Answer -exploration
description
explanation: idiographic or nomothetic
3 broad purposes of research - Answer -exploration
description
explanation: idiographic or nomothetic
Idiographic - Answer -Collect the reasons why I go to Davis. Explaining unique factors
of a particular case. Based on specific context, individual, and case.
Idiographic - Answer -Collect the reasons why I go to Davis. Explaining unique factors
of a particular case. Based on specific context, individual, and case.
Nomothetic - Answer -Collect reasons why lots of people go to Davis and create
quantitative data.Explaining the major factors that shape a wide range of cases.
General laws of behavior that can be applied to everyone.
Nomothetic - Answer -Collect reasons why lots of people go to Davis and create
quantitative data.Explaining the major factors that shape a wide range of cases.
General laws of behavior that can be applied to everyone.
Theories - Answer -can be approached two ways:
inductive
deductive
Theories - Answer -can be approached two ways:
inductive
deductive
Inductive - Answer -1. Observations
2. hypothesis
3. test your theory
You feel sick, you are at a restaurant, therefor you can conclude that you feel sick
because you ate at the restaurant. Now you have to explain why this is
- this does NOT tell us why it is happening it just tell us that it is happening
-Qualitative
Inductive - Answer -1. Observations
2. hypothesis
3. test your theory
