NURS 5301 Module 12 Question Bank

Regarding salivation, which statement is true? Cholinergic fibers stimulate the salivary glands. Correct The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, as part of the autonomic nervous system, control salivary secretion. The parasympathetic (cholinergic) system increases secretions; anticholinergic agents, such as atropine, actually make the mouth dry. The β-adrenergic stimulation also increases secretion. Regarding the esophagus, which is a true statement? The lower third of the esophagus is smooth muscle innervated by preganglionic nerve fibers. The upper third of the esophagus contains striated muscle that is directly innervated by skeletal motor neurons. The middle third is striated and smooth muscle and is not innervated by motor fibers. Which artery provides blood to the stomach? A branch of the celiac artery supplies blood to the stomach. A series of small veins (short gastric, left and right gastric, and left and right gastro-omental) drain blood from the stomach toward the hepatic portal vein. The celiac is the only artery involved in the process. Which hormone is responsible for the inhibition of the stomach contraction? Secretin is the hormone responsible for the inhibition of stomach contractions by raising the threshold potential of the muscle fibers. Lowering the threshold potential of the muscle fibers increases gastrin and motilin contractions. Cholecystokinin causes the esophagus to relax. Which cells of the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor? Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen. G cells secrete gastrin in the antrum of the stomach. Enterochromaffin-like cells secrete histamine. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking the end amino acids away from the ingested protein? Carboxypeptidases break away the end amino acids from proteins. Trypsin and chymotrypsin hydrolyze the interior bon