Concise Introduction to Logic
14th Edition by Hurley
Chapter 1-14
TEST BANK
, TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
Chapter 2: Language: Meaning and Definition
Chapter 3: Informal Fallacies
Chapter 4: Categorical Propositions
Chapter 5: Categorical Syllogisms
Chapter 6: Propositional Logic
Chapter 7: Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic
Chapter 8: Predicate Logic
Chapter 9: Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning
Chapter 10: Causality and Mill's Methods
Chapter 11: Probability
Chapter 12: Statistical Reasoning
Chapter 13: Hypothetical/Scientific Reasoning
Chapter 14: Science and Superstition
,Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
MULTIPLE CHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
1. There appears to be a growing happiness gap between men and women. Women
today are working more and relaxing less, while men are working less and relaxing
more. Forty years ago a typical woman spent 40 minutes more per week than the
typical man performing an activity considered unpleasant. Today, with men working
less, the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
a. Argument; conclusion: Today ... the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: Forty years ago ... an activity considered unpleasant.
d. Argument; conclusion: There appears to be ... between men and women.
e. Argument; conclusion: Women today are working more and
relaxing less.
ANS: D PTS: 2
2. Lead is toxic, but do you know why? Lead is toxic mainly because it preferentially
replaces other metals in biochemical reactions. In so doing it interferes with the proteins
that regulate blood pressure (which can cause development delays in children and high
blood pressure in adults), heme production (which can lead to anemia), and sperm
production. Lead also displaces calcium in the reactions that transmit electrical impulses
in the brain, which diminishes the ability to think and recall information.
Anne Marie Helmstine, "Your Guide to Chemistry"
a. Argument; conclusion: It interferes with the proteins ... and sperm production.
b. Argument; conclusion: Lead is toxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: It preferentially replaces other metals in biochemical reactions.
e. Argument; conclusion: Lead also displaces calcium ... recall
information.
ANS: C PTS: 2
3. Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself. He argued that it was virtuous to
choose the proper amount of emotion and/or action called for in a particular situation and
that extremes of emotion and action were vices. In all communities there are some men
of practical wisdom who have the capacity to judge wisely. Aristotle argued that they
have the capacity to follow the "right rule" whatever the situation.
David Cooper, Value Pluralism and Ethical Choice
a. Argument; conclusion: In all communities ... capacity to judge wisely.
b. Argument; conclusion: Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself.
c. Argument; conclusion: They have the capacity to follow ... the situation.
d. Argument; conclusion: He argued that it was virtuous ... were vices
e. Nonargument.
ANS: E PTS: 2
4. Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, and many of them also pay state, local, and
, federal income tax and Social Security tax. They also purchase items from local
merchants, increasing the amount these merchants pay in taxes. In addition, they work
for low salaries, which increases the earnings of their employers and the amount of taxes
these employers pay. Thus, it is not correct to say that illegal immigrants contribute
nothing to the communities in which they live.
a. Argument; conclusion: It is not correct to say ... communities in which they live.
14th Edition by Hurley
Chapter 1-14
TEST BANK
, TABLE OF CONTENT
Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
Chapter 2: Language: Meaning and Definition
Chapter 3: Informal Fallacies
Chapter 4: Categorical Propositions
Chapter 5: Categorical Syllogisms
Chapter 6: Propositional Logic
Chapter 7: Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic
Chapter 8: Predicate Logic
Chapter 9: Analogy and Legal and Moral Reasoning
Chapter 10: Causality and Mill's Methods
Chapter 11: Probability
Chapter 12: Statistical Reasoning
Chapter 13: Hypothetical/Scientific Reasoning
Chapter 14: Science and Superstition
,Chapter 1: Basic Concepts
MULTIPLE CHOICE
INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from
nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each.
1. There appears to be a growing happiness gap between men and women. Women
today are working more and relaxing less, while men are working less and relaxing
more. Forty years ago a typical woman spent 40 minutes more per week than the
typical man performing an activity considered unpleasant. Today, with men working
less, the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
a. Argument; conclusion: Today ... the gap is 90 minutes and growing.
b. Nonargument.
c. Argument; conclusion: Forty years ago ... an activity considered unpleasant.
d. Argument; conclusion: There appears to be ... between men and women.
e. Argument; conclusion: Women today are working more and
relaxing less.
ANS: D PTS: 2
2. Lead is toxic, but do you know why? Lead is toxic mainly because it preferentially
replaces other metals in biochemical reactions. In so doing it interferes with the proteins
that regulate blood pressure (which can cause development delays in children and high
blood pressure in adults), heme production (which can lead to anemia), and sperm
production. Lead also displaces calcium in the reactions that transmit electrical impulses
in the brain, which diminishes the ability to think and recall information.
Anne Marie Helmstine, "Your Guide to Chemistry"
a. Argument; conclusion: It interferes with the proteins ... and sperm production.
b. Argument; conclusion: Lead is toxic.
c. Nonargument.
d. Argument; conclusion: It preferentially replaces other metals in biochemical reactions.
e. Argument; conclusion: Lead also displaces calcium ... recall
information.
ANS: C PTS: 2
3. Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself. He argued that it was virtuous to
choose the proper amount of emotion and/or action called for in a particular situation and
that extremes of emotion and action were vices. In all communities there are some men
of practical wisdom who have the capacity to judge wisely. Aristotle argued that they
have the capacity to follow the "right rule" whatever the situation.
David Cooper, Value Pluralism and Ethical Choice
a. Argument; conclusion: In all communities ... capacity to judge wisely.
b. Argument; conclusion: Aristotle focused on clarifying the concept of virtue itself.
c. Argument; conclusion: They have the capacity to follow ... the situation.
d. Argument; conclusion: He argued that it was virtuous ... were vices
e. Nonargument.
ANS: E PTS: 2
4. Illegal immigrants pay local sales taxes, and many of them also pay state, local, and
, federal income tax and Social Security tax. They also purchase items from local
merchants, increasing the amount these merchants pay in taxes. In addition, they work
for low salaries, which increases the earnings of their employers and the amount of taxes
these employers pay. Thus, it is not correct to say that illegal immigrants contribute
nothing to the communities in which they live.
a. Argument; conclusion: It is not correct to say ... communities in which they live.
