HONDROS 160 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
SOLUTIONS
Signs and symptoms of Hypercalcemia - Answer- muscle weakness, constipation,
anorexia, nausea/vomiting, cardiac dysrhythmias
Causes of hypercalcemia - Answer- Increased calcium absorption
~Excessive oral intake of calcium
~Excessive oral intake of Vitamin D
Decreased calcium excretion
~Renal failure
~Use of thiazide diuretics
Increased bone resorption of calcium
~Hyperparathyroidism
~Hyperthyroidism
~Malignancy (bone destruction from metastatic tumors)
~Immobility
~Use of glucocorticoids
Hemoconcentration
~Dehydration
~Use of lithium
~Adrenal insufficiency
causes of hypomagnesemia - Answer- Malnutrition, alcoholism, diarrhea, vomiting,
polyuria
Signs and symptoms of Hypomagnesaemia - Answer- Anorexia, no appetite,
depression, confusion, seizures, heart rhythm complications
causes of hypermagnesemia - Answer- Increased magnesium intake
~Magnesium-containing antacids and laxatives
~Excessive admin of magnesium by IV
Decreased renal excretion of magnesium as a result of renal insufficiency
signs and symptoms of Hypermagnesemia - Answer- flushing, hypotension, drowsiness,
decreased RR, decreased DTRs, cardiac changes
, vitamin A - Answer- assists in proper cell division (helps prevent cancer)
Vitamin B12 - Answer- Forms red blood cells, maintains steady metabolism, increases
energy, can be used as an antidepressant
Vitamin C - Answer- An important substance needed for proper repair of the skin and
tissues; promotes the production of collagen in the skins dermal tissues; aids in and
promotes the skins healing process.
Vitamin D - Answer- helps the body to absorb calcium
Vitamin K - Answer- blood clotting, bone health, helps to prevent heart disease
water soluble vitamins - Answer- B and C
Fat soluble vitamins - Answer- A, D, E, K
Trousseau's sign - Answer- A sign of hypocalcemia . Carpal spasm caused by inflating
a blood pressure cuff above the client's systolic pressure and leaving it in place for 3
minutes.
Chvostek sign - Answer- [twitching of face with tapping of facial nerve]
Kyphosis - Answer- hunchback
Xerosis - Answer- dry skin
Foods rich in potassium - Answer- Bananas, spinach, fish (salmon), avocados, yogurt (
plain), baked potatoes with skin
Foods rich in magnesium - Answer- green vegetables, spinach, nuts, seeds, and some
whole grains
foods rich in calcium - Answer- •Milk products, green vegetables, fortified orange juice
and cereals, red and white beans, and figs.
foods rich in sodium - Answer- Cheese, including cottage
Celery
Fast food
Processed foods
Pickled foods
Sauces
Advair - Answer- used long term for asthma or COPD
Advair SE - Answer- Throat irritation, voice changes, thirst, cough
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
SOLUTIONS
Signs and symptoms of Hypercalcemia - Answer- muscle weakness, constipation,
anorexia, nausea/vomiting, cardiac dysrhythmias
Causes of hypercalcemia - Answer- Increased calcium absorption
~Excessive oral intake of calcium
~Excessive oral intake of Vitamin D
Decreased calcium excretion
~Renal failure
~Use of thiazide diuretics
Increased bone resorption of calcium
~Hyperparathyroidism
~Hyperthyroidism
~Malignancy (bone destruction from metastatic tumors)
~Immobility
~Use of glucocorticoids
Hemoconcentration
~Dehydration
~Use of lithium
~Adrenal insufficiency
causes of hypomagnesemia - Answer- Malnutrition, alcoholism, diarrhea, vomiting,
polyuria
Signs and symptoms of Hypomagnesaemia - Answer- Anorexia, no appetite,
depression, confusion, seizures, heart rhythm complications
causes of hypermagnesemia - Answer- Increased magnesium intake
~Magnesium-containing antacids and laxatives
~Excessive admin of magnesium by IV
Decreased renal excretion of magnesium as a result of renal insufficiency
signs and symptoms of Hypermagnesemia - Answer- flushing, hypotension, drowsiness,
decreased RR, decreased DTRs, cardiac changes
, vitamin A - Answer- assists in proper cell division (helps prevent cancer)
Vitamin B12 - Answer- Forms red blood cells, maintains steady metabolism, increases
energy, can be used as an antidepressant
Vitamin C - Answer- An important substance needed for proper repair of the skin and
tissues; promotes the production of collagen in the skins dermal tissues; aids in and
promotes the skins healing process.
Vitamin D - Answer- helps the body to absorb calcium
Vitamin K - Answer- blood clotting, bone health, helps to prevent heart disease
water soluble vitamins - Answer- B and C
Fat soluble vitamins - Answer- A, D, E, K
Trousseau's sign - Answer- A sign of hypocalcemia . Carpal spasm caused by inflating
a blood pressure cuff above the client's systolic pressure and leaving it in place for 3
minutes.
Chvostek sign - Answer- [twitching of face with tapping of facial nerve]
Kyphosis - Answer- hunchback
Xerosis - Answer- dry skin
Foods rich in potassium - Answer- Bananas, spinach, fish (salmon), avocados, yogurt (
plain), baked potatoes with skin
Foods rich in magnesium - Answer- green vegetables, spinach, nuts, seeds, and some
whole grains
foods rich in calcium - Answer- •Milk products, green vegetables, fortified orange juice
and cereals, red and white beans, and figs.
foods rich in sodium - Answer- Cheese, including cottage
Celery
Fast food
Processed foods
Pickled foods
Sauces
Advair - Answer- used long term for asthma or COPD
Advair SE - Answer- Throat irritation, voice changes, thirst, cough
