NRS 3015 Final exam ACTUAL
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Pre-op Screening - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Comprehensive assessment of medical
history, allergies, medications, focusing on cardiovascular and respiratory history.
CBC - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Test checking overall blood health specifically for
anemia, infections, and clotting ability.
Electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Evaluates sodium, potassium, chloride,
bicarbonate levels crucial for heart and muscle function.
PT (prothrombin time) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Measures blood clotting time, assessing
extrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation cascade.
PT normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅11-13.5 seconds
PT clinical significance - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅prolonged PT can indicate deficiencies
in clotting factors, liver disease, or vit K
PTT (partial thromboplastin time) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Assesses intrinsic and
common coagulation pathways effectiveness.
PTT normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅25-35 seconds
PTT clinical significance - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅prolonged PTT suggests issues with
clotting factors involved in these pathways which can be due to conditions like hemophilia
INR (international normalized ratio) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Standardized measure for
monitoring patients on warfarin therapy.
, INR normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅0.8-1.1 for pt not on anticoagulants
2.0-3.0 for those on warfarin
INR clinical significance - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅elevated INR indicates an increased
risk for bleeding
Blood Type and Crossmatch - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Ensures blood transfusion
compatibility, crucial for surgeries with high blood loss risk.
Imaging - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Includes chest X-rays, EKGs for heart/lung conditions
assessment pre-surgery.
Pre-op: Patient Education - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Explains procedure
(risks/benefits/PO), NPO status (no food or drink 6-8 hrs before surgery to minimize
aspiration risk), post-op expectations (pain management, mobility restrictions, etc)
Informed Consent - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Ensures patient understands surgery risks,
benefits, alternatives.
General Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Induces complete unconsciousness, vital
sign monitoring for major surgeries.
Regional Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Numbing larger body areas, used in lower
body surgeries.
Local Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Numbs specific body area, used in minor
procedures.
Intraoperative care: Monitoring - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Continuous vital sign
assessment during anesthesia for early adverse reaction detection.
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
Pre-op Screening - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Comprehensive assessment of medical
history, allergies, medications, focusing on cardiovascular and respiratory history.
CBC - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Test checking overall blood health specifically for
anemia, infections, and clotting ability.
Electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Evaluates sodium, potassium, chloride,
bicarbonate levels crucial for heart and muscle function.
PT (prothrombin time) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Measures blood clotting time, assessing
extrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation cascade.
PT normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅11-13.5 seconds
PT clinical significance - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅prolonged PT can indicate deficiencies
in clotting factors, liver disease, or vit K
PTT (partial thromboplastin time) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Assesses intrinsic and
common coagulation pathways effectiveness.
PTT normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅25-35 seconds
PTT clinical significance - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅prolonged PTT suggests issues with
clotting factors involved in these pathways which can be due to conditions like hemophilia
INR (international normalized ratio) - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Standardized measure for
monitoring patients on warfarin therapy.
, INR normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅0.8-1.1 for pt not on anticoagulants
2.0-3.0 for those on warfarin
INR clinical significance - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅elevated INR indicates an increased
risk for bleeding
Blood Type and Crossmatch - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Ensures blood transfusion
compatibility, crucial for surgeries with high blood loss risk.
Imaging - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Includes chest X-rays, EKGs for heart/lung conditions
assessment pre-surgery.
Pre-op: Patient Education - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Explains procedure
(risks/benefits/PO), NPO status (no food or drink 6-8 hrs before surgery to minimize
aspiration risk), post-op expectations (pain management, mobility restrictions, etc)
Informed Consent - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Ensures patient understands surgery risks,
benefits, alternatives.
General Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Induces complete unconsciousness, vital
sign monitoring for major surgeries.
Regional Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Numbing larger body areas, used in lower
body surgeries.
Local Anesthesia - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Numbs specific body area, used in minor
procedures.
Intraoperative care: Monitoring - CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅Continuous vital sign
assessment during anesthesia for early adverse reaction detection.
