CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 17 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS UPDATED 2025/2026 BEST
RATED A+ FOR PASS
codon - CORRECT ANSWERS a specific sequence of three adjacent bases on a strand of
DNA or RNA that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid (64 were
deciphered by mid 1960s, 61 code for amino acids, 3 are stop signals)
reading frame - CORRECT ANSWERS the way a cell's mRNA-translating machinery
groups the mRNA nucleotides into codons
AUG - CORRECT ANSWERS codon that initaties ("start" signal) and also codes amino
acid Methionine
redundant - CORRECT ANSWERS more than 1 codon may specify a particular amino
acid
ambiguous - CORRECT ANSWERS no codon specifies more than one amino acid
reading frame - CORRECT ANSWERS the division of a sequence of DNA or RNA into a
particular series of three-nucleotide codons. There are three possible reading frames for any
sequence
RNA polymerase - CORRECT ANSWERS enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds
to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription, they can start a chain without a
primer.
promoter - CORRECT ANSWERS A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA
polymerase and indicates where to start transcribing RNA.
terminator - CORRECT ANSWERS In bacteria, a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that
marks the end of a gene and signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule
and detach from the DNA.
, CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 17 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS UPDATED 2025/2026 BEST
RATED A+ FOR PASS
transcription unit - CORRECT ANSWERS the stretch of DNA that is transcribed into an
RNA molecule
3 stages of transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS initiation, elongation, termination
initiation - CORRECT ANSWERS the first phase of transcription; RNA polymerase binds
to DNA @ the promoter, and unwinds the double helix
elongation - CORRECT ANSWERS RNA polymerase slides along DNA in an open complex
to synthesize RNA
termination - CORRECT ANSWERS RNA polymerase falls off at the terminator (Bacteria)
or falls off after the new RNA strand is removed
start point - CORRECT ANSWERS In transcription, the nucleotide position on the
promoter where RNA polymerase begins synthesis of RNA.
transcription factors - CORRECT ANSWERS collection of proteins that mediate the
binding of RNA polymerase and the initiation of transcription
transcription initiation complex - CORRECT ANSWERS the whole complex of
transcription factors and RNA polymerase II bound to the promoter
TATA box - CORRECT ANSWERS A promoter DNA sequence crucial in forming the
transcription initiation complex.
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS UPDATED 2025/2026 BEST
RATED A+ FOR PASS
codon - CORRECT ANSWERS a specific sequence of three adjacent bases on a strand of
DNA or RNA that provides genetic code information for a particular amino acid (64 were
deciphered by mid 1960s, 61 code for amino acids, 3 are stop signals)
reading frame - CORRECT ANSWERS the way a cell's mRNA-translating machinery
groups the mRNA nucleotides into codons
AUG - CORRECT ANSWERS codon that initaties ("start" signal) and also codes amino
acid Methionine
redundant - CORRECT ANSWERS more than 1 codon may specify a particular amino
acid
ambiguous - CORRECT ANSWERS no codon specifies more than one amino acid
reading frame - CORRECT ANSWERS the division of a sequence of DNA or RNA into a
particular series of three-nucleotide codons. There are three possible reading frames for any
sequence
RNA polymerase - CORRECT ANSWERS enzyme similar to DNA polymerase that binds
to DNA and separates the DNA strands during transcription, they can start a chain without a
primer.
promoter - CORRECT ANSWERS A specific nucleotide sequence in DNA that binds RNA
polymerase and indicates where to start transcribing RNA.
terminator - CORRECT ANSWERS In bacteria, a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that
marks the end of a gene and signals RNA polymerase to release the newly made RNA molecule
and detach from the DNA.
, CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 17 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS UPDATED 2025/2026 BEST
RATED A+ FOR PASS
transcription unit - CORRECT ANSWERS the stretch of DNA that is transcribed into an
RNA molecule
3 stages of transcription - CORRECT ANSWERS initiation, elongation, termination
initiation - CORRECT ANSWERS the first phase of transcription; RNA polymerase binds
to DNA @ the promoter, and unwinds the double helix
elongation - CORRECT ANSWERS RNA polymerase slides along DNA in an open complex
to synthesize RNA
termination - CORRECT ANSWERS RNA polymerase falls off at the terminator (Bacteria)
or falls off after the new RNA strand is removed
start point - CORRECT ANSWERS In transcription, the nucleotide position on the
promoter where RNA polymerase begins synthesis of RNA.
transcription factors - CORRECT ANSWERS collection of proteins that mediate the
binding of RNA polymerase and the initiation of transcription
transcription initiation complex - CORRECT ANSWERS the whole complex of
transcription factors and RNA polymerase II bound to the promoter
TATA box - CORRECT ANSWERS A promoter DNA sequence crucial in forming the
transcription initiation complex.
