RENATO DESCARGAS
Rationalism and empiricism
Modern philosophy spans from 1600 to 1800 andIt is based on the concept of
epistemology and subjectivity, which is found in the knowledge of human knowledge
and not in the fundamental characteristics of being as it was before (with ontology). It
is composed of two currents:rationalism and empiricism.
Rationalism is based on the reason as the concept upon which all knowledge is built,
the idea innate andDescartes has to be likeIts greatest exponent (along with Spinoza
and Leibniz). Empiricism considers experience asconcept for reconstructing
knowledge,He does not believe in innate ideas andHume possesses as the greatest
exponent (along with Hobbes, Locke and Berkeley).
Their similarities, unfortunately, are that according to both, we can only knowthe
phenomena ofthings, that is, their mental representations. Furthermore, both think
that natural phenomena occur in a way that mechanics and therefore are measurable
and knowable, in contrast to: the spiritualist conception (where there is a superior
being that controls nature), the pantheistic conception (about the soul), and the
organist conception (about nature as a living and free body).
The ideas
Ideas consist of mental representations and images of something, which are innate,
that is,established before birth(according to Descartes) or acquired with the
experiences(according to Hume).
Some innate ideas according to Descartes are the idea of perfection or the idea of the
soul.
Life
René Descartes(Renato Descartes) was born on March 31, 1596in The
Hague,FranceHe died on November 2, 1650in StockholmHe comes from a
familynoble EraHe was wealthy and, as a young man, attended a Jesuit school and
later law school. In addition to philosophy, he studied physics and was a great
mathematician. He invented the Cartesian coordinate system, which unified geometry
and algebra. He participated in the Thirty Years' War. After a stay in Paris, he settled in
Holland in 1628.
, Descartes, unfortunately, decides to abandon their studies to study themselves,
making a series of trips whichHe considers it essential to understand different
cultures. This is possible thanks to his comfortable economic position. Based on these
personal experiences, he can build genuine knowledge for himself.
In 1649, at the invitation of Queen Christina of Sweden, he settled in her court in
Stockholm, where he died.
The Discourse on Method
The discourse on method and itsmasterpieceWritten in your language
original(French) and not Latin to make it more accessible to the uneducated
population, it has the particularity of being a treatise first person split in 6 parts.It is
also his first published work, so he is aware of it.anonymous form for not to be
persecuted if their thoughts were considered too revolutionary.
Descartes' method seeks some knowledge in itself ANDIn his travels, wanting to
distinguish the true from the false, he distanced himself from books and his own
country to study himself independently and build his own method.It is not necessarily
universal..
Descartes also has numerous works posthumous, such as “Rules for the Guidance of
Intelligence” (which, however, could not be completed) and “The World” (whose
production was suspended after Galileo's condemnation).
Title and subtitle of the work
The subtitle of the work,“to guide one’s own reason well and to seek truth in
the sciences”This refers to the purpose of the work. This means that the discourse is
written to guide reason well, which in turn implies that our reason can be mistaken.
Therefore, it means that there are two ways to use reason: good and bad.
The reason
Descartes rightly means:common senseThat is, the ability to judge well and
distinguishThe truth from the false According to Descartes,We all have it.They are
equally valid in nature, but there are different ways to apply them and, therefore,
different interpretations. Therefore, common sense alone is not enough; there is
also...to apply it well.
The method, therefore, serves to increaseour knowledge gradually andIt allowed
Descartes to arrive at the truth.
Rationalism and empiricism
Modern philosophy spans from 1600 to 1800 andIt is based on the concept of
epistemology and subjectivity, which is found in the knowledge of human knowledge
and not in the fundamental characteristics of being as it was before (with ontology). It
is composed of two currents:rationalism and empiricism.
Rationalism is based on the reason as the concept upon which all knowledge is built,
the idea innate andDescartes has to be likeIts greatest exponent (along with Spinoza
and Leibniz). Empiricism considers experience asconcept for reconstructing
knowledge,He does not believe in innate ideas andHume possesses as the greatest
exponent (along with Hobbes, Locke and Berkeley).
Their similarities, unfortunately, are that according to both, we can only knowthe
phenomena ofthings, that is, their mental representations. Furthermore, both think
that natural phenomena occur in a way that mechanics and therefore are measurable
and knowable, in contrast to: the spiritualist conception (where there is a superior
being that controls nature), the pantheistic conception (about the soul), and the
organist conception (about nature as a living and free body).
The ideas
Ideas consist of mental representations and images of something, which are innate,
that is,established before birth(according to Descartes) or acquired with the
experiences(according to Hume).
Some innate ideas according to Descartes are the idea of perfection or the idea of the
soul.
Life
René Descartes(Renato Descartes) was born on March 31, 1596in The
Hague,FranceHe died on November 2, 1650in StockholmHe comes from a
familynoble EraHe was wealthy and, as a young man, attended a Jesuit school and
later law school. In addition to philosophy, he studied physics and was a great
mathematician. He invented the Cartesian coordinate system, which unified geometry
and algebra. He participated in the Thirty Years' War. After a stay in Paris, he settled in
Holland in 1628.
, Descartes, unfortunately, decides to abandon their studies to study themselves,
making a series of trips whichHe considers it essential to understand different
cultures. This is possible thanks to his comfortable economic position. Based on these
personal experiences, he can build genuine knowledge for himself.
In 1649, at the invitation of Queen Christina of Sweden, he settled in her court in
Stockholm, where he died.
The Discourse on Method
The discourse on method and itsmasterpieceWritten in your language
original(French) and not Latin to make it more accessible to the uneducated
population, it has the particularity of being a treatise first person split in 6 parts.It is
also his first published work, so he is aware of it.anonymous form for not to be
persecuted if their thoughts were considered too revolutionary.
Descartes' method seeks some knowledge in itself ANDIn his travels, wanting to
distinguish the true from the false, he distanced himself from books and his own
country to study himself independently and build his own method.It is not necessarily
universal..
Descartes also has numerous works posthumous, such as “Rules for the Guidance of
Intelligence” (which, however, could not be completed) and “The World” (whose
production was suspended after Galileo's condemnation).
Title and subtitle of the work
The subtitle of the work,“to guide one’s own reason well and to seek truth in
the sciences”This refers to the purpose of the work. This means that the discourse is
written to guide reason well, which in turn implies that our reason can be mistaken.
Therefore, it means that there are two ways to use reason: good and bad.
The reason
Descartes rightly means:common senseThat is, the ability to judge well and
distinguishThe truth from the false According to Descartes,We all have it.They are
equally valid in nature, but there are different ways to apply them and, therefore,
different interpretations. Therefore, common sense alone is not enough; there is
also...to apply it well.
The method, therefore, serves to increaseour knowledge gradually andIt allowed
Descartes to arrive at the truth.
