NURS 5333 Family 1 Test 3 Study guide (STD's):
Questions & Answers
Gonorrhea treatment, side effects of the medications, and prevention
(Ans-
-high rate of anti-microbial resistance
-all cases of gonorrhea need to be treated with two anti-microbials with
different mechanisms of action.
- third-generation cephalosporin plus azithromycin on the same day
simultaneously and directly observed is preferred.
Fix your mouth gonorrhea: Oral cefixime is not sufficient for pharyngeal
infections, but can be used if ceftriaxone is not available,
Genital Herpes treatment, side effects of the medications, and
prevention
(Ans-
-transmitted by direct contact with active lesions or with virus-
containing fluid.
-patient may be asymptomatic but can still be shedding the virus and
infecting others, and the usual incubation period is two to 12 days.
-educated about sexual transmission and should be encouraged to use
condoms.
-can pass this on to their newborn child, so they need to know the
implications of pregnancy,
,- need to be counseled if they're a discordant couple where one person
has it and the other one does not.
Syphilis treatment, side effects of the medications, and prevention
(Ans-
-benzathine penicillin G intramuscularly
-adults 2.4 million units for primary and secondary stage
-Alternate therapies are doxycycline, tetracycline, ceftriaxone or
azithromycin.
-Follow up is mandatory.
-Children get five 50,000 units of the benzathine penicillin G.
Alternate regimens: procaine penicillin, ceftriaxone.
-latent without evidence of neurosyphilis: they get the benzathine
penicillin 2.4 million units IM weekly for three doses.
-Late latent without evidence of neurosyphilis, they still get the
benzathine penicillin IM weekly for three doses
-Neurosyphilis, they would get the aqueous crystalline penicillin G
intravenous every four hours for 10 to 14 days.
BV treatment, side effects of the medications, and prevention
(Ans-
-Metronidazole 500 milligrams twice a day for seven days, or you can
use the metronidazole gel or clindamycin vaginal cream
, -
STDs: BV diagnostics
(Ans- diagnosed by Amsel's criteria, and it's based on three or more
clinical signs and symptoms: homogenous, thin gray-white discharge
coating the vaginal wall, a vaginal pH of greater than 4.5, a positive
whiff-amine test, which it gives off the fishy odor when using 10% of
KOH, presence of more than 20% epithelial or clue cells on a wet mount
microscopy.
-The presence of clue cells diagnosed by an experienced microscopist is
the single most reliable predictor of bacterial vaginosis.
-Presence of sialidase enzyme produced by anaerobes that are
associated with BV.
STDs: Syphilis diagnostics
(Ans-
-diagnostic testing (NTT) nontreponemal tests: VDRL or RPR
-treponemal testing( antibody test): particle agglutination assay(PA)
-fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption confirms positive in 85-
95% of primary and 100% of secondary cases.
Questions & Answers
Gonorrhea treatment, side effects of the medications, and prevention
(Ans-
-high rate of anti-microbial resistance
-all cases of gonorrhea need to be treated with two anti-microbials with
different mechanisms of action.
- third-generation cephalosporin plus azithromycin on the same day
simultaneously and directly observed is preferred.
Fix your mouth gonorrhea: Oral cefixime is not sufficient for pharyngeal
infections, but can be used if ceftriaxone is not available,
Genital Herpes treatment, side effects of the medications, and
prevention
(Ans-
-transmitted by direct contact with active lesions or with virus-
containing fluid.
-patient may be asymptomatic but can still be shedding the virus and
infecting others, and the usual incubation period is two to 12 days.
-educated about sexual transmission and should be encouraged to use
condoms.
-can pass this on to their newborn child, so they need to know the
implications of pregnancy,
,- need to be counseled if they're a discordant couple where one person
has it and the other one does not.
Syphilis treatment, side effects of the medications, and prevention
(Ans-
-benzathine penicillin G intramuscularly
-adults 2.4 million units for primary and secondary stage
-Alternate therapies are doxycycline, tetracycline, ceftriaxone or
azithromycin.
-Follow up is mandatory.
-Children get five 50,000 units of the benzathine penicillin G.
Alternate regimens: procaine penicillin, ceftriaxone.
-latent without evidence of neurosyphilis: they get the benzathine
penicillin 2.4 million units IM weekly for three doses.
-Late latent without evidence of neurosyphilis, they still get the
benzathine penicillin IM weekly for three doses
-Neurosyphilis, they would get the aqueous crystalline penicillin G
intravenous every four hours for 10 to 14 days.
BV treatment, side effects of the medications, and prevention
(Ans-
-Metronidazole 500 milligrams twice a day for seven days, or you can
use the metronidazole gel or clindamycin vaginal cream
, -
STDs: BV diagnostics
(Ans- diagnosed by Amsel's criteria, and it's based on three or more
clinical signs and symptoms: homogenous, thin gray-white discharge
coating the vaginal wall, a vaginal pH of greater than 4.5, a positive
whiff-amine test, which it gives off the fishy odor when using 10% of
KOH, presence of more than 20% epithelial or clue cells on a wet mount
microscopy.
-The presence of clue cells diagnosed by an experienced microscopist is
the single most reliable predictor of bacterial vaginosis.
-Presence of sialidase enzyme produced by anaerobes that are
associated with BV.
STDs: Syphilis diagnostics
(Ans-
-diagnostic testing (NTT) nontreponemal tests: VDRL or RPR
-treponemal testing( antibody test): particle agglutination assay(PA)
-fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption confirms positive in 85-
95% of primary and 100% of secondary cases.
