SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: INTRO TO PSYC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Informational Social Influence - (ANSWER)influence resulting from one's willingness to accept other's
opinions about reality
Normative Social Influence - (ANSWER)influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or
avoid disapproval
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) - (ANSWER)a theoretical model that posits two channels by which
persuasive appeals lead to attitude change: a central route and a peripheral route
Reciprocity - (ANSWER)idea that if you do something for someone, they owe you something in return
Scapegoat Theory - (ANSWER)the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone
to blame
Ethnocentrism - (ANSWER)belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
Altruism - (ANSWER)the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
Social Group - (ANSWER)a collection of people who interact with one another and have a certain feeling
of unity
Norms - (ANSWER)rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members
Roles - (ANSWER)the different positions in the group, each with its own set of norms
Latane & Darley Study - (ANSWER)When white smoke comes in, you are much less likely to respond if
there are passive confederates. Proves pluralistic ignorance- assume nothing is wrong because others
seem unconcerned
, SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: INTRO TO PSYC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Sherif Study - (ANSWER)children in a summer camp were divided into two groups on an arbitrary basis
and made to engage in competition with each other. This engendered intergroup hostility and dislike,
which was found to be greatly reduced when a task requiring the two groups to cooperate (on
superordinate goals) was introduced.
Rosenthal & Jacobson Study - (ANSWER)aimed to test the existence of the Pygmalion Effect in schools.
Found that those students randomly assigned to the "bloomer" group made larger gains at the end of
the year than the "average" students.
Zimbardo Study - (ANSWER)This social psychologist studied how people behave when they are asked to
play roles, in particular as prison guards or prisoners.
Out-Group Homogeneity - (ANSWER)tendency to view all individuals outside our group as highly similar
In-Group Bias - (ANSWER)tendency to favor individuals within our group over those from outside our
group
Dispositional Factors - (ANSWER)Personal factors of the individual being the main explanation for their
behaviour
Situational Factors - (ANSWER)environmental stimuli that affect a person's behavior.
Superordinate Goals - (ANSWER)shared goals that override differences among people and require their
cooperation
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis - (ANSWER)Theory arguing that aggression is the natural reaction to
frustration.
Attribution Theory - (ANSWER)the theory that we tend to give a casual explanation for someone's
behavior, often by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
Informational Social Influence - (ANSWER)influence resulting from one's willingness to accept other's
opinions about reality
Normative Social Influence - (ANSWER)influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or
avoid disapproval
Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) - (ANSWER)a theoretical model that posits two channels by which
persuasive appeals lead to attitude change: a central route and a peripheral route
Reciprocity - (ANSWER)idea that if you do something for someone, they owe you something in return
Scapegoat Theory - (ANSWER)the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone
to blame
Ethnocentrism - (ANSWER)belief in the superiority of one's own ethnic group
Altruism - (ANSWER)the quality of unselfish concern for the welfare of others
Social Group - (ANSWER)a collection of people who interact with one another and have a certain feeling
of unity
Norms - (ANSWER)rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members
Roles - (ANSWER)the different positions in the group, each with its own set of norms
Latane & Darley Study - (ANSWER)When white smoke comes in, you are much less likely to respond if
there are passive confederates. Proves pluralistic ignorance- assume nothing is wrong because others
seem unconcerned
, SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY: INTRO TO PSYC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025
Sherif Study - (ANSWER)children in a summer camp were divided into two groups on an arbitrary basis
and made to engage in competition with each other. This engendered intergroup hostility and dislike,
which was found to be greatly reduced when a task requiring the two groups to cooperate (on
superordinate goals) was introduced.
Rosenthal & Jacobson Study - (ANSWER)aimed to test the existence of the Pygmalion Effect in schools.
Found that those students randomly assigned to the "bloomer" group made larger gains at the end of
the year than the "average" students.
Zimbardo Study - (ANSWER)This social psychologist studied how people behave when they are asked to
play roles, in particular as prison guards or prisoners.
Out-Group Homogeneity - (ANSWER)tendency to view all individuals outside our group as highly similar
In-Group Bias - (ANSWER)tendency to favor individuals within our group over those from outside our
group
Dispositional Factors - (ANSWER)Personal factors of the individual being the main explanation for their
behaviour
Situational Factors - (ANSWER)environmental stimuli that affect a person's behavior.
Superordinate Goals - (ANSWER)shared goals that override differences among people and require their
cooperation
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis - (ANSWER)Theory arguing that aggression is the natural reaction to
frustration.
Attribution Theory - (ANSWER)the theory that we tend to give a casual explanation for someone's
behavior, often by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition
