WGU C909 TEST PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Constructivist Theory in Practice. Answer: For example: Using open
ended questions, co-shaping, co-voicing, and guiding discussion to allow
students to arrive at knowledge on a personal and connected level
⩥ Cognitive-constructivist view of reading. Answer: Aim to assist
students to assimilate new information to existing knowledge (schema)
and guide them to make connections to their existing intellectual
framework to accommodate that new information. (Piaget)
Ex. Because of Winn-Dixie; from her inference, and active knowledge
of the text says that people who have things in common often become
friends.
⩥ Socio-cultural theory/Ex.. Answer: Branch or extension of cognitive-
constructionist view which believes learning and learning to read is
social rather than individual. First, student is influenced by socio-
cultural background. Second, best and longest lasting learning takes
place in social collaborative groups. Third, the various social contexts
(class, school, and beyond) that a student lives within will have strong
influence on what is or is not learned. Each context must be carefully
considered in planning and implementation of instruction.
Ex. Small group guided reading
,⩥ Reader Response Theory. Answer: (Rosenblatt, 1994) Readers and
their personal connections play active role in reading experience.
Reader's role is just as important as text itself. Readers must engage and
connect with text
⩥ Experiential Learning. Answer: learning by doing, learning through
experience, emphasizes metacognition to take ownership of learning
(Kolb with influence by Dewey, Lewin, & Piaget)
⩥ Oral Language Development. Answer: Complex system that relates
sounds to meanings. Three main components:
~PHONOLOGICAL: rules for combining sounds
~SEMANTIC: the smallest units of meaning that may be combined to
make up words
~SYNTATIC (syntax): the rules that combine morphemes (smallest units
of words) into sentences.
NOTE 1: Reading and talking with children plays an important role in
vocabulary development. The more you talk and read to children, the
larger their vocabulary will develop.
NOTE 2: Pragmatic is also the rules that allow us to speak appropriately
in different settings
⩥ What are the stages of writing development?. Answer: 1.
Scribbling/drawing (pre-writing)
,2. Letter like forms and shapes
3. Letters (first capital then lowercase)
4. Letters and spaces
Conventional writing and spelling (sight words and sound spelling first)
plus punctuation and capitalization
5. Learning to write for different purposes (narrative, informational,
persuasive)
6. Handwriting and spelling becomes easier; vocab and word choice
becomes more expansive and precise
⩥ What are stages of reading development. Answer: 1. EARLY
EMERGENT
2. EMERGENT (understands alphabet, phonological awareness and
knows phonics, have command of high frequency words, developing
comprehension and word attack skills, recognize types of texts, non-
fiction and fiction, and that reading has a variety of purposes).
3. EARLY FLUENT
4. FLUENT
⩥ What are the stages of the alphabetic phase. Answer: PRE: visual cues
PARTIAL: beginning phonics (connect letter to sound)
FULL: Moving from sound representation to a full spoken word with all
the sounds present
CONSOLIDATED: Child can memorize and store words.
, Ex: can spell words that contain syllabics and clusters. Ex: Scooter
⩥ Gradual release of responsibility. Answer: Teaching approach that
incorporates scaffolding (building on what the student already knows) so
that the responsibility for the content is shifted from teacher to student.
I do, we do, you do
⩥ Strategies for vocabulary/literacy development. Answer:
INTEGRATION: connecting new vocabulary to prior knowledge
REPETITION: encountering/using the word concept many times
MEANINGFUL USE: multiple opportunities to use new words in
reading, writing, and soon discussion
⩥ Reading Workshop (Balanced Literacy Framework). Answer:
SHARED: (teacher provides explicit comprehensive instruction,
everyone in the class reads a projected book, as teacher moves pointer
along screen)
GUIDED: (teacher with small groups who read at similar levels, use
benchmark books to determine student's level of reading, includes of a
variety of genres including fiction and non-fiction)
AND CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ Constructivist Theory in Practice. Answer: For example: Using open
ended questions, co-shaping, co-voicing, and guiding discussion to allow
students to arrive at knowledge on a personal and connected level
⩥ Cognitive-constructivist view of reading. Answer: Aim to assist
students to assimilate new information to existing knowledge (schema)
and guide them to make connections to their existing intellectual
framework to accommodate that new information. (Piaget)
Ex. Because of Winn-Dixie; from her inference, and active knowledge
of the text says that people who have things in common often become
friends.
⩥ Socio-cultural theory/Ex.. Answer: Branch or extension of cognitive-
constructionist view which believes learning and learning to read is
social rather than individual. First, student is influenced by socio-
cultural background. Second, best and longest lasting learning takes
place in social collaborative groups. Third, the various social contexts
(class, school, and beyond) that a student lives within will have strong
influence on what is or is not learned. Each context must be carefully
considered in planning and implementation of instruction.
Ex. Small group guided reading
,⩥ Reader Response Theory. Answer: (Rosenblatt, 1994) Readers and
their personal connections play active role in reading experience.
Reader's role is just as important as text itself. Readers must engage and
connect with text
⩥ Experiential Learning. Answer: learning by doing, learning through
experience, emphasizes metacognition to take ownership of learning
(Kolb with influence by Dewey, Lewin, & Piaget)
⩥ Oral Language Development. Answer: Complex system that relates
sounds to meanings. Three main components:
~PHONOLOGICAL: rules for combining sounds
~SEMANTIC: the smallest units of meaning that may be combined to
make up words
~SYNTATIC (syntax): the rules that combine morphemes (smallest units
of words) into sentences.
NOTE 1: Reading and talking with children plays an important role in
vocabulary development. The more you talk and read to children, the
larger their vocabulary will develop.
NOTE 2: Pragmatic is also the rules that allow us to speak appropriately
in different settings
⩥ What are the stages of writing development?. Answer: 1.
Scribbling/drawing (pre-writing)
,2. Letter like forms and shapes
3. Letters (first capital then lowercase)
4. Letters and spaces
Conventional writing and spelling (sight words and sound spelling first)
plus punctuation and capitalization
5. Learning to write for different purposes (narrative, informational,
persuasive)
6. Handwriting and spelling becomes easier; vocab and word choice
becomes more expansive and precise
⩥ What are stages of reading development. Answer: 1. EARLY
EMERGENT
2. EMERGENT (understands alphabet, phonological awareness and
knows phonics, have command of high frequency words, developing
comprehension and word attack skills, recognize types of texts, non-
fiction and fiction, and that reading has a variety of purposes).
3. EARLY FLUENT
4. FLUENT
⩥ What are the stages of the alphabetic phase. Answer: PRE: visual cues
PARTIAL: beginning phonics (connect letter to sound)
FULL: Moving from sound representation to a full spoken word with all
the sounds present
CONSOLIDATED: Child can memorize and store words.
, Ex: can spell words that contain syllabics and clusters. Ex: Scooter
⩥ Gradual release of responsibility. Answer: Teaching approach that
incorporates scaffolding (building on what the student already knows) so
that the responsibility for the content is shifted from teacher to student.
I do, we do, you do
⩥ Strategies for vocabulary/literacy development. Answer:
INTEGRATION: connecting new vocabulary to prior knowledge
REPETITION: encountering/using the word concept many times
MEANINGFUL USE: multiple opportunities to use new words in
reading, writing, and soon discussion
⩥ Reading Workshop (Balanced Literacy Framework). Answer:
SHARED: (teacher provides explicit comprehensive instruction,
everyone in the class reads a projected book, as teacher moves pointer
along screen)
GUIDED: (teacher with small groups who read at similar levels, use
benchmark books to determine student's level of reading, includes of a
variety of genres including fiction and non-fiction)
