WGU D265 CRITICAL
THINKING REASON AND
EVIDENCE FINAL PAPER 2026
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Non-proposition. Answer: Something that isn't a statement.
"Wow!"
◉ Argument. Answer: A group of statements aiming to support
a conclusion.
"Cats are mammals. Fluffy is a cat, so Fluffy is a mammal."
◉ Non-argument. Answer: A group of statements not aiming to
support a conclusion.
"It's raining today."
◉ Premise. Answer: A statement providing support in an
argument.
"All birds have feathers."
◉ Conclusion. Answer: The main point an argument aims to
establish.
"Therefore, that bird has feathers."
◉ Deductive Argument. Answer: An argument where the
conclusion must follow from the premises.
, "All men are mortal. Socrates is a man, so Socrates is mortal."
◉ Inductive Argument. Answer: An argument where the
conclusion is likely based on the premises.
"Most swans I've seen are white, so all swans must be white."
◉ Valid / Invalid. Answer: Whether an argument's structure
guarantees the truth of the conclusion.
Valid: "All cats are animals. Fluffy is a cat, so Fluffy is an
animal."
Invalid: "All cats are animals. Fluffy is an animal, so Fluffy is a
cat."
◉ Sound / Unsound. Answer: When an argument is both valid
and has true premises.
Sound: "All dogs are mammals. Max is a dog, so Max is a
mammal."
Unsound: "All horses can fly. Shadow is a horse, so Shadow can
fly."
◉ Strong / Weak. Answer: The strength of an inductive
argument in providing support for its conclusion.
Strong: "90% of students at our school like math, so its likely
you'll like math too."
Weak: "I saw three blue cars today, so all cars must be blue."
◉ Cogent / Uncogent. Answer: When an inductive argument is
strong and has true premises.
Cogent: "Over the past year, every time I've gone to the park, it's
been sunny. So, it's likely sunny today."
Uncogent: "Yesterday, I saw a black cat and then missed the bus.
Black cats are unlucky."
THINKING REASON AND
EVIDENCE FINAL PAPER 2026
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Non-proposition. Answer: Something that isn't a statement.
"Wow!"
◉ Argument. Answer: A group of statements aiming to support
a conclusion.
"Cats are mammals. Fluffy is a cat, so Fluffy is a mammal."
◉ Non-argument. Answer: A group of statements not aiming to
support a conclusion.
"It's raining today."
◉ Premise. Answer: A statement providing support in an
argument.
"All birds have feathers."
◉ Conclusion. Answer: The main point an argument aims to
establish.
"Therefore, that bird has feathers."
◉ Deductive Argument. Answer: An argument where the
conclusion must follow from the premises.
, "All men are mortal. Socrates is a man, so Socrates is mortal."
◉ Inductive Argument. Answer: An argument where the
conclusion is likely based on the premises.
"Most swans I've seen are white, so all swans must be white."
◉ Valid / Invalid. Answer: Whether an argument's structure
guarantees the truth of the conclusion.
Valid: "All cats are animals. Fluffy is a cat, so Fluffy is an
animal."
Invalid: "All cats are animals. Fluffy is an animal, so Fluffy is a
cat."
◉ Sound / Unsound. Answer: When an argument is both valid
and has true premises.
Sound: "All dogs are mammals. Max is a dog, so Max is a
mammal."
Unsound: "All horses can fly. Shadow is a horse, so Shadow can
fly."
◉ Strong / Weak. Answer: The strength of an inductive
argument in providing support for its conclusion.
Strong: "90% of students at our school like math, so its likely
you'll like math too."
Weak: "I saw three blue cars today, so all cars must be blue."
◉ Cogent / Uncogent. Answer: When an inductive argument is
strong and has true premises.
Cogent: "Over the past year, every time I've gone to the park, it's
been sunny. So, it's likely sunny today."
Uncogent: "Yesterday, I saw a black cat and then missed the bus.
Black cats are unlucky."
