ASWB Study Assessment Guide Exam Questions with
All Questions Accurately Answered 2025/2026
When a client should not be in a group - correct answer client who is in
crisis; suicidal; compulsively needy for attention; actively psychotic; and/or
paranoid
Groupthink - correct answer when a group makes faulty decision because
of group pressures
Ignore alternative and tend to take irrational actions that dehumanize other
groups
Vulnerable to this concept when its members are similar in background, when
the group is insulated from outside opinions, and when there are no clear
rules for decision making
Causes of groupthink - correct answer illusion of invulnerability, collective
rationalization, belief in inherent morality, stereotyped views of those "on the
out," direct pressure on dissenters, self-censorship, illusion of unanimity, self-
appointed mindgaurds
Illusion of invulnerability - correct answer creates excessive optimism that
encourages taking extreme risks
Collective rationalization - correct answer members discount warnings and
do not reconsider their assumptions
Belief in inherent morality - correct answer members believe in the
rightness of their cause and ignore the ethical or moral consequences of their
decisions
,Stereotyped views on those "on the out" - correct answer negative views of
the "enemy" make conflict seem unnecessary
Direct pressure on dissenters - correct answer members are under
pressure not to express arguments against any of the group's views
Self-censorship - correct answer doubts and deviations from the perceived
group consensus are not expressed
Illusion of unanimity - correct answer the majority view and judgments are
assumed to be unanimous
Self-appointed "mindguards" - correct answer members protect the group
and the leader from information that is problematic or contradictory to the
group's cohesiveness, views, and/or decisions
Group Polarization - correct answer occurs during group decision making
when discussion strengthens a dominant point of view and results in a shift to
a more extreme position than any of the members would adopt on their own
Psychodynamic Theories - correct answer explain the origin of the
personality
Emphasize unconscious motives and desires, as well as the importance of
childhood experiences in shaping personality
Psychoanalytic Theory - correct answer developed by Sigmund Freud
,Client is seen as the product of his past and treatment involves dealing with
the repressed material in the unconscious
Personalities arises because of attempts to resolve conflicts between
unconscious sexual ad aggressive impulses and societal demands to restrain
these impulses
Personality develops by age 5
Freud's levels of awareness - correct answer precocious, the conscious,
and the unconscious
Conscoius - correct answer contains all the information that a client is
paying attention to at any given time
Preconscoius - correct answer contains all the information outside of a
client's attention but readily available if needed- thoughts and feelings that can
be brought into consciousness easily
Unconscious - correct answer contains thoughts, feelings, desires, and
memories of which clients have no awareness but that influence every aspect
of their day-to-day lives
Three components of personality - correct answer id, ego, superego
Id - correct answer a reservoir of instinctual energy that contains biological
urges such as impulses toward survival, sex, and aggression.
Unconscious and operates according to the pleasure principle, the drive to
achieve pleasure and avoid pain
, Ego - correct answer the component that manages the conflict between the
id and the constraints of the real world. Some parts of this are unconscious,
whereas others are precocious or conscious.
Operate according to the reality principle-the awareness that gratification of
impulses has to be delayed in order to accommodate the demands of the real
world
The role is to prevent the id from gratifying its impulses in socially
inappropriate ways
Determine the best course of action based on information from the id, reality,
and superego
Inability of the ego to reconcile the demands of the id, the superego, and
reality provides conflict that leads to a state of psychic distress known as
anxiety
Ego- syntonic - correct answer behaviors "insync" with the ego (no guilt)
The ego is comfortable with its conclusions and behaviors
Ego-dystonic - correct answer behavior "dis-n-sync" with the ego (guilt)
A client is bothered by some of his or her behaviors
Ego Strength - correct answer the ability of the ego to effectively deal with
the demands of the id, the superego, and reality
All Questions Accurately Answered 2025/2026
When a client should not be in a group - correct answer client who is in
crisis; suicidal; compulsively needy for attention; actively psychotic; and/or
paranoid
Groupthink - correct answer when a group makes faulty decision because
of group pressures
Ignore alternative and tend to take irrational actions that dehumanize other
groups
Vulnerable to this concept when its members are similar in background, when
the group is insulated from outside opinions, and when there are no clear
rules for decision making
Causes of groupthink - correct answer illusion of invulnerability, collective
rationalization, belief in inherent morality, stereotyped views of those "on the
out," direct pressure on dissenters, self-censorship, illusion of unanimity, self-
appointed mindgaurds
Illusion of invulnerability - correct answer creates excessive optimism that
encourages taking extreme risks
Collective rationalization - correct answer members discount warnings and
do not reconsider their assumptions
Belief in inherent morality - correct answer members believe in the
rightness of their cause and ignore the ethical or moral consequences of their
decisions
,Stereotyped views on those "on the out" - correct answer negative views of
the "enemy" make conflict seem unnecessary
Direct pressure on dissenters - correct answer members are under
pressure not to express arguments against any of the group's views
Self-censorship - correct answer doubts and deviations from the perceived
group consensus are not expressed
Illusion of unanimity - correct answer the majority view and judgments are
assumed to be unanimous
Self-appointed "mindguards" - correct answer members protect the group
and the leader from information that is problematic or contradictory to the
group's cohesiveness, views, and/or decisions
Group Polarization - correct answer occurs during group decision making
when discussion strengthens a dominant point of view and results in a shift to
a more extreme position than any of the members would adopt on their own
Psychodynamic Theories - correct answer explain the origin of the
personality
Emphasize unconscious motives and desires, as well as the importance of
childhood experiences in shaping personality
Psychoanalytic Theory - correct answer developed by Sigmund Freud
,Client is seen as the product of his past and treatment involves dealing with
the repressed material in the unconscious
Personalities arises because of attempts to resolve conflicts between
unconscious sexual ad aggressive impulses and societal demands to restrain
these impulses
Personality develops by age 5
Freud's levels of awareness - correct answer precocious, the conscious,
and the unconscious
Conscoius - correct answer contains all the information that a client is
paying attention to at any given time
Preconscoius - correct answer contains all the information outside of a
client's attention but readily available if needed- thoughts and feelings that can
be brought into consciousness easily
Unconscious - correct answer contains thoughts, feelings, desires, and
memories of which clients have no awareness but that influence every aspect
of their day-to-day lives
Three components of personality - correct answer id, ego, superego
Id - correct answer a reservoir of instinctual energy that contains biological
urges such as impulses toward survival, sex, and aggression.
Unconscious and operates according to the pleasure principle, the drive to
achieve pleasure and avoid pain
, Ego - correct answer the component that manages the conflict between the
id and the constraints of the real world. Some parts of this are unconscious,
whereas others are precocious or conscious.
Operate according to the reality principle-the awareness that gratification of
impulses has to be delayed in order to accommodate the demands of the real
world
The role is to prevent the id from gratifying its impulses in socially
inappropriate ways
Determine the best course of action based on information from the id, reality,
and superego
Inability of the ego to reconcile the demands of the id, the superego, and
reality provides conflict that leads to a state of psychic distress known as
anxiety
Ego- syntonic - correct answer behaviors "insync" with the ego (no guilt)
The ego is comfortable with its conclusions and behaviors
Ego-dystonic - correct answer behavior "dis-n-sync" with the ego (guilt)
A client is bothered by some of his or her behaviors
Ego Strength - correct answer the ability of the ego to effectively deal with
the demands of the id, the superego, and reality
