📘 PARLIAMENT OF INDIA – Notes
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1. Meaning of Parliament
The Parliament of India is the supreme law-making body of the country.
It represents the will of the people and performs legislative, financial, and oversight
functions.
2. Structure of Parliament
The Indian Parliament is bicameral, consisting of:
(a) Lok Sabha (House of the People)
● Lower House
● Directly elected by the people
● Maximum Strength: 552
○ 530 from States
○ 20 from Union Territories
○ 2 nominated Anglo-Indian (abolished in 2020)
(b) Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
● Upper House
● Indirectly elected by State Legislative Assemblies
● Maximum Strength: 250 (Present: 245)
● 12 members nominated by the President
(c) The President of India
● Integral part of Parliament
● Summons & prorogues Parliament
● Gives assent to bills
3. Functions of the Parliament
, (1) Legislative Functions
● Makes laws on subjects in the Union List
● Can make laws on Concurrent List
● During emergency, can make laws on State List
(2) Financial Functions
● Controls national finances
● Government cannot spend money without Parliament’s approval
● Annual Budget is passed by Lok Sabha
● Money Bills can be introduced only in Lok Sabha
(3) Executive Control
● Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to Lok Sabha
● Parliament can question, censure, or remove the government
(4) Electoral Functions
● Participates in electing:
○ President
○ Vice-President
○ Members of various committees
(5) Judicial Functions
● Removal of:
○ President (impeachment)
○ Judges of Supreme Court & High Courts
○ CAG
○ Chief Election Commissioner
(6) Constitutional Functions
● Amends the Constitution under Article 368
4. Sessions of Parliament
There must be at least two sessions every year, with no gap exceeding 6 months.
Three regular sessions:
1. Budget Session (Feb–May)
2. Monsoon Session (July–September)
(Perfect for Upload)
1. Meaning of Parliament
The Parliament of India is the supreme law-making body of the country.
It represents the will of the people and performs legislative, financial, and oversight
functions.
2. Structure of Parliament
The Indian Parliament is bicameral, consisting of:
(a) Lok Sabha (House of the People)
● Lower House
● Directly elected by the people
● Maximum Strength: 552
○ 530 from States
○ 20 from Union Territories
○ 2 nominated Anglo-Indian (abolished in 2020)
(b) Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
● Upper House
● Indirectly elected by State Legislative Assemblies
● Maximum Strength: 250 (Present: 245)
● 12 members nominated by the President
(c) The President of India
● Integral part of Parliament
● Summons & prorogues Parliament
● Gives assent to bills
3. Functions of the Parliament
, (1) Legislative Functions
● Makes laws on subjects in the Union List
● Can make laws on Concurrent List
● During emergency, can make laws on State List
(2) Financial Functions
● Controls national finances
● Government cannot spend money without Parliament’s approval
● Annual Budget is passed by Lok Sabha
● Money Bills can be introduced only in Lok Sabha
(3) Executive Control
● Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to Lok Sabha
● Parliament can question, censure, or remove the government
(4) Electoral Functions
● Participates in electing:
○ President
○ Vice-President
○ Members of various committees
(5) Judicial Functions
● Removal of:
○ President (impeachment)
○ Judges of Supreme Court & High Courts
○ CAG
○ Chief Election Commissioner
(6) Constitutional Functions
● Amends the Constitution under Article 368
4. Sessions of Parliament
There must be at least two sessions every year, with no gap exceeding 6 months.
Three regular sessions:
1. Budget Session (Feb–May)
2. Monsoon Session (July–September)
