HERLIHY THE HUMAN BODY IN HEALTH AND
ILLNESS CHAPTER 14 EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
◉ what does the endocrine system work together with? Answer:
nervous system to maintain homeostasis
◉ Hormones Answer: chemical messengers produced by endocrine
glands; absorbed into blood vessels and will contact all cells of the
body; only produces effects on cells containing specific receptors
◉ Target cell Answer: "lock and key" arrangement causes a change
in activity of target cell; growth hormone: all cells; Prolactin:
mammary tissue
◉ Control of hormone secretion Answer: negative feedback system
(like a thermostat)
◉ If hormone level is low: Answer: appropriate endocrine gland is
stimulated to produce more hormone
, ◉ If adequate hormone concentration is attained in the
bloodstream: Answer: stimulation of endocrine gland is reduced and
production of the hormone is stopped/reduced
◉ hypothalamus Answer: part of diencephalon; controls activities of
pituitary gland; portal system of blood vessels links hypothalamus
with anterior portion of pituitary gland
◉ neurosecretory cells Answer: in hypothalamus that secrete
releasing and inhibiting hormones into portal blood vessels into
anterior pituitary gland
◉ 7 hormones made by pituitary gland Answer: growth hormone;
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH); Follicle Stimulating hormone
(FSH); Luteinizing hormone (LH); prolactin; adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
◉ posterior pituitary gland storage Answer: does not make
hormones but stores oxytocin and Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
◉ oxytocin and Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Answer: modified
neurons in hypothalamus secrete them; transported to posterior
pituitary (along neurons) for storage
ILLNESS CHAPTER 14 EXAM PAPER 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
◉ what does the endocrine system work together with? Answer:
nervous system to maintain homeostasis
◉ Hormones Answer: chemical messengers produced by endocrine
glands; absorbed into blood vessels and will contact all cells of the
body; only produces effects on cells containing specific receptors
◉ Target cell Answer: "lock and key" arrangement causes a change
in activity of target cell; growth hormone: all cells; Prolactin:
mammary tissue
◉ Control of hormone secretion Answer: negative feedback system
(like a thermostat)
◉ If hormone level is low: Answer: appropriate endocrine gland is
stimulated to produce more hormone
, ◉ If adequate hormone concentration is attained in the
bloodstream: Answer: stimulation of endocrine gland is reduced and
production of the hormone is stopped/reduced
◉ hypothalamus Answer: part of diencephalon; controls activities of
pituitary gland; portal system of blood vessels links hypothalamus
with anterior portion of pituitary gland
◉ neurosecretory cells Answer: in hypothalamus that secrete
releasing and inhibiting hormones into portal blood vessels into
anterior pituitary gland
◉ 7 hormones made by pituitary gland Answer: growth hormone;
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH); Follicle Stimulating hormone
(FSH); Luteinizing hormone (LH); prolactin; adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)
◉ posterior pituitary gland storage Answer: does not make
hormones but stores oxytocin and Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
◉ oxytocin and Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Answer: modified
neurons in hypothalamus secrete them; transported to posterior
pituitary (along neurons) for storage
