PENN FOSTER VETERINARY
PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Distinguish between hormonal, endocrine, and reproductive drugs - CORRECT
ANSWER -
Describe how drugs affect the nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER -Drugs
affect the nervous system by acting at the synaptic junctions to promote
neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or block them from acting.
Identify examples of respiratory drugs - CORRECT ANSWER -Expectorants,
mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, decongestants
List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER
-NSAIDs, Opioids, Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids, nerve blocks
Summarize the difference between ophthalmic and otic drugs - CORRECT
ANSWER -
Compare and contrast cardiovascular and gastrointestinal drugs - CORRECT
ANSWER -
Describe how antiparasitic drugs work - CORRECT ANSWER -Antiparasitic drugs
work by destroying parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most work by
interfering with the parasite's nervous system to prevent them from moving.
,Discuss why replacement drugs are often necessary for animal health -
CORRECT ANSWER -
Explain the veterinary technician's role in inventory control - CORRECT
ANSWER -keeping the staff informed regarding discontinued items, knowing
the dates on which backordered items will be released from the vendor,
packing up goods awaiting return to the vendor (e.g., expired items), rotating
stock correctly, maintaining current prices on all products, organizing inventory
for ease of location and counting, receiving and inspecting orders on arrival at
the veterinary facility, and learning about new products.
Define: Agonist - CORRECT ANSWER -Drug that has affinity for a
receptor/stimulates receptor into action
Define: Contraindication - CORRECT ANSWER -A reason not to use a drug in a
particular situation
Define: Efficacy - CORRECT ANSWER -the degree to which a drug produces its
desired response.
Define: Over-the-counter drug - CORRECT ANSWER -One that may be
purchased without prescription from a veterinarian
Define: Prescription Drug - CORRECT ANSWER -One that must be used under
the supervision of a veterinarina
Define: Receptor - CORRECT ANSWER -a group of specialized molecules on or
in a cell that bind with a drug to produce an effect
,Define: Therapeutic Index - CORRECT ANSWER -expresses the relationship
between a drug's therapeutic and harmful effects
Define: Withdrawl Time - CORRECT ANSWER -Amount of time that must elapse
between the end of drug therapy and elimination of that drug from patients
tissues or products
Define: Veterinarian-client-patient relationship - CORRECT ANSWER -
Relationship that must exist between the vet, the patient, and the owner
before prescription drugs can be dispensed.
List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med - CORRECT ANSWER -Animal product,
plant material, minerals, synthetic products
What are 4 components of a drug regimen? - CORRECT ANSWER -Dose, route,
frequency, and duration of administration.
Discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian-client-
patient relationship can be shown to exist - CORRECT ANSWER -1.vet must
assume responsibility for making clinical judgments in relation to health of the
animal.
2. Vet must have recently seen the animal and be acquainted with it's care.
3.Vet must be available for follow-up care of the animal
Discuss the responsibilities of a vet tech in the administration of drug orders -
CORRECT ANSWER -To carry out the vet's orders correctly. should read the
drug label three times to ensure proper drug is being administered and should
take care to administer correct dose by correct route. Should be aware of the
expected affects and potential adverse side effects and be able to monitor the
patient.
, Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from administration to
excretion - CORRECT ANSWER -Drug is absorbed (or placed directly) into the
bloodstream, the drug may bind with plasma in the blood or may exist in free
state, circulating blood distributes drug to capillary level where it leaves
circulation and enters interstitial fluid. it bathes the cell and allows drug to
bind to cell surface receptors or enter the cell. It then exits the cell and moves
back into interstitial fluid, reenters circulation, and is transported to liver for
metabolism. The metabolite is then transported to kidneys for excretion.
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient. - CORRECT
ANSWER -Oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal,
intraarterial, intracardiac, intramedullary, inhalation, topical, intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - CORRECT ANSWER -
Method of absorption, pH of the drug and ionization status, absorptive surface
area, blood supply to area, solubility of drug, dosage form, status of GI tract,
and interactions with other drugs
Most biotransformation occurs in the_____ - CORRECT ANSWER -Liver
Most drug excretion occurs via the ______ - CORRECT ANSWER -Kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular_____ -
CORRECT ANSWER -Receptors
The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive property of that
company is called - CORRECT ANSWER -Trade/Proprietary Name
What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label? - CORRECT ANSWER
-names (generic and trade) concentration, quantity, name and address of
manufacturer, control or lot number, expiration date
PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Distinguish between hormonal, endocrine, and reproductive drugs - CORRECT
ANSWER -
Describe how drugs affect the nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER -Drugs
affect the nervous system by acting at the synaptic junctions to promote
neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or block them from acting.
Identify examples of respiratory drugs - CORRECT ANSWER -Expectorants,
mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, decongestants
List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation - CORRECT ANSWER
-NSAIDs, Opioids, Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids, nerve blocks
Summarize the difference between ophthalmic and otic drugs - CORRECT
ANSWER -
Compare and contrast cardiovascular and gastrointestinal drugs - CORRECT
ANSWER -
Describe how antiparasitic drugs work - CORRECT ANSWER -Antiparasitic drugs
work by destroying parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most work by
interfering with the parasite's nervous system to prevent them from moving.
,Discuss why replacement drugs are often necessary for animal health -
CORRECT ANSWER -
Explain the veterinary technician's role in inventory control - CORRECT
ANSWER -keeping the staff informed regarding discontinued items, knowing
the dates on which backordered items will be released from the vendor,
packing up goods awaiting return to the vendor (e.g., expired items), rotating
stock correctly, maintaining current prices on all products, organizing inventory
for ease of location and counting, receiving and inspecting orders on arrival at
the veterinary facility, and learning about new products.
Define: Agonist - CORRECT ANSWER -Drug that has affinity for a
receptor/stimulates receptor into action
Define: Contraindication - CORRECT ANSWER -A reason not to use a drug in a
particular situation
Define: Efficacy - CORRECT ANSWER -the degree to which a drug produces its
desired response.
Define: Over-the-counter drug - CORRECT ANSWER -One that may be
purchased without prescription from a veterinarian
Define: Prescription Drug - CORRECT ANSWER -One that must be used under
the supervision of a veterinarina
Define: Receptor - CORRECT ANSWER -a group of specialized molecules on or
in a cell that bind with a drug to produce an effect
,Define: Therapeutic Index - CORRECT ANSWER -expresses the relationship
between a drug's therapeutic and harmful effects
Define: Withdrawl Time - CORRECT ANSWER -Amount of time that must elapse
between the end of drug therapy and elimination of that drug from patients
tissues or products
Define: Veterinarian-client-patient relationship - CORRECT ANSWER -
Relationship that must exist between the vet, the patient, and the owner
before prescription drugs can be dispensed.
List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med - CORRECT ANSWER -Animal product,
plant material, minerals, synthetic products
What are 4 components of a drug regimen? - CORRECT ANSWER -Dose, route,
frequency, and duration of administration.
Discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian-client-
patient relationship can be shown to exist - CORRECT ANSWER -1.vet must
assume responsibility for making clinical judgments in relation to health of the
animal.
2. Vet must have recently seen the animal and be acquainted with it's care.
3.Vet must be available for follow-up care of the animal
Discuss the responsibilities of a vet tech in the administration of drug orders -
CORRECT ANSWER -To carry out the vet's orders correctly. should read the
drug label three times to ensure proper drug is being administered and should
take care to administer correct dose by correct route. Should be aware of the
expected affects and potential adverse side effects and be able to monitor the
patient.
, Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from administration to
excretion - CORRECT ANSWER -Drug is absorbed (or placed directly) into the
bloodstream, the drug may bind with plasma in the blood or may exist in free
state, circulating blood distributes drug to capillary level where it leaves
circulation and enters interstitial fluid. it bathes the cell and allows drug to
bind to cell surface receptors or enter the cell. It then exits the cell and moves
back into interstitial fluid, reenters circulation, and is transported to liver for
metabolism. The metabolite is then transported to kidneys for excretion.
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient. - CORRECT
ANSWER -Oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal,
intraarterial, intracardiac, intramedullary, inhalation, topical, intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - CORRECT ANSWER -
Method of absorption, pH of the drug and ionization status, absorptive surface
area, blood supply to area, solubility of drug, dosage form, status of GI tract,
and interactions with other drugs
Most biotransformation occurs in the_____ - CORRECT ANSWER -Liver
Most drug excretion occurs via the ______ - CORRECT ANSWER -Kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular_____ -
CORRECT ANSWER -Receptors
The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive property of that
company is called - CORRECT ANSWER -Trade/Proprietary Name
What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label? - CORRECT ANSWER
-names (generic and trade) concentration, quantity, name and address of
manufacturer, control or lot number, expiration date
