NRSG 357 - Exam 4 Questions and
Answers Graded A+
open fracture - Correct answer-bone fracture that breaks through the skin
closed fracture - Correct answer-bone fracture that does not break through the skin
transverse fracture - Correct answer-complete fracture that is straight across the
bone at right angles to the long axis of the bone
linear fracture - Correct answer-the fracture is parallel to the long axis of the bone
oblique, nondisplaced fracture - Correct answer-the bone is broken at an angle, but
the edges are still together
oblique, displaced fracture - Correct answer-the bone is broken at an angle, and the
edges are separated
spiral fracture - Correct answer-a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart
greenstick fracture - Correct answer-bending and incomplete break of a bone, most
often seen in children
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,comminuted fracture - Correct answer-fracture in which the bone is splintered or
crushed, due to impact
fracture s/sx - Correct answer-swelling, tenderness, pain at site, decreased ROM,
altered sensation, crepitus, deformity
fracture causes - Correct answer-trauma, falls, accident, disease, cancer,
malnutrition
fracture healing stages - Correct answer-1. fracture hematoma
2. fibrocartilagnious callus formation
3. bony callus hematoma
4. bone remodeling
neurovascular assessment - Correct answer-pain: outer layer of bone is very
sensitive w/ nerves
pulse: compare w/ unaffected side
pallor: color change
paresthesia: numbness and tingling
paralysis: unable to function
pressure: due to swelling
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, CT scan & X ray - Correct answer-sees bone, better assessment of extent of
infection
MRI scan - Correct answer-sees bone marrow and soft tissue
biopsy - Correct answer-used to identify causative agent, need to do for antibiotics
BMD - Correct answer-bone mineral density, DEXA or DXA
fracture treatment - Correct answer-1. realignment of bone
2. immobilization
3. restoration
closed reduction - Correct answer-nonsurgical realignment of broken bone ends
and splinting of bone
open reduction - Correct answer-surgical realignment of broken bone ends
cast application - Correct answer-cheap and effective, while drying use palm touch,
fits snugly but still allows adequate circulation for proper healing, don't get wet,
don't stick anything under cast, elevate, use ice packs
internal fixation - Correct answer-a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are
placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place, put above and
below fracture to stabilize, can stay in for the rest of life
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Answers Graded A+
open fracture - Correct answer-bone fracture that breaks through the skin
closed fracture - Correct answer-bone fracture that does not break through the skin
transverse fracture - Correct answer-complete fracture that is straight across the
bone at right angles to the long axis of the bone
linear fracture - Correct answer-the fracture is parallel to the long axis of the bone
oblique, nondisplaced fracture - Correct answer-the bone is broken at an angle, but
the edges are still together
oblique, displaced fracture - Correct answer-the bone is broken at an angle, and the
edges are separated
spiral fracture - Correct answer-a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart
greenstick fracture - Correct answer-bending and incomplete break of a bone, most
often seen in children
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,comminuted fracture - Correct answer-fracture in which the bone is splintered or
crushed, due to impact
fracture s/sx - Correct answer-swelling, tenderness, pain at site, decreased ROM,
altered sensation, crepitus, deformity
fracture causes - Correct answer-trauma, falls, accident, disease, cancer,
malnutrition
fracture healing stages - Correct answer-1. fracture hematoma
2. fibrocartilagnious callus formation
3. bony callus hematoma
4. bone remodeling
neurovascular assessment - Correct answer-pain: outer layer of bone is very
sensitive w/ nerves
pulse: compare w/ unaffected side
pallor: color change
paresthesia: numbness and tingling
paralysis: unable to function
pressure: due to swelling
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, CT scan & X ray - Correct answer-sees bone, better assessment of extent of
infection
MRI scan - Correct answer-sees bone marrow and soft tissue
biopsy - Correct answer-used to identify causative agent, need to do for antibiotics
BMD - Correct answer-bone mineral density, DEXA or DXA
fracture treatment - Correct answer-1. realignment of bone
2. immobilization
3. restoration
closed reduction - Correct answer-nonsurgical realignment of broken bone ends
and splinting of bone
open reduction - Correct answer-surgical realignment of broken bone ends
cast application - Correct answer-cheap and effective, while drying use palm touch,
fits snugly but still allows adequate circulation for proper healing, don't get wet,
don't stick anything under cast, elevate, use ice packs
internal fixation - Correct answer-a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are
placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place, put above and
below fracture to stabilize, can stay in for the rest of life
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
