EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
x10^11m
Distance from earth to sun
1 Light Year in metres - ansOne year =3.15x10^7s
Speed of light = 3x10^8
Distance = speed x time
= 3x10^8 x 3.15x10^7
= 9.45 x10^15m
1 parsec in metres - ans3.09x10^16m
Distance in pc = 1/parallax angle in seconds of arc
7 SI Units - ansMass (kg)
Length (m)
Temp (K)
Illumination (Candela)
Amount of Substance (mole)
Electrical Current (amp)
Time (s)
Absolute Zero - ansThe coldest temperature, 0 Kelvin or -273 degrees, that can be reached. It is the
hypothetical temperature at which all molecular motion stops.
Absorption Spectra - ansa spectrum of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a substance,
showing dark lines or bands due to absorption of specific wavelengths.
Advantages of Fusion over Fission - ans- Power output is greater
- Raw materials are cheap and available (hydrogen in water)
- No radioactive waster is produced directly
Advantages of pulse-echo techniques in pregnancy imaging - ans- non-ionising
- real-time imagery
- surface rendering
Age of the universe - ans13.7 billion years
Alpha Decay Equation - ans222/88 Ra ---> 4/2 He + 218/86 R
Alpha ionising ability - ansVery Strong
Alpha penetration - ansStopped by paper, skin or few cm of air
Amplitude - ansthe maximum displacement that the particles of a wave's medium vibrate from the centre
of the wave
Atomic Line Spectra Model Answer - ans- All elements and their isotopes have a line spectrum
,EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
- The spectra are the wavelengths absorbed or emitted from an element with an electron gains or looses
energy
- The energy is lost in the form of photons of certain wavelengths
Atomic number - ansthe number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
backround radiation - ansnuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment
Beta ionising ability - ansMedium Strong
Beta Minus Decay equation - ans14/6C ---> 14/7N + 0/-1e ) 0/0v
Beta penetration - ansStoped by 3mm of aluminium of about 1 m or air
Beta Plus Decay equation - ans15/8O ---> 15/7N + 0/1e + 0/0v
Binding energy per nucleon curve - ansAll reaction through fission or fusion aim to get to iron 56 because
it is the most stable element
Black body radiation curves - ans- higher the peak the higher the temperature
Black Body radiator - ansA theoretical object that completely absorbs and emits all radiation that lands on
it.
Breaking Stress - ansThe stress required to fracture a material whether by compression, tension, or
shear.
Chain Reaction - ansAs a fission reaction splits it produces 3 neutrons which can go on to split 3 other
neutrons creating an exponential chain reaction
Charge of radiations - ans- Alpha = +2
- Beta = -1
- Gamma = 0
Coherence - ansWaves that have the same frequency and are always in phase or keep the same phase
difference all the time
Compare E and G fields model answer - ansNewton's Law of gravitation vs coulombs law of charge:
- Force is felt by objects with mass
- Force is felt by objects with charge
- Force is proportional to the size of the masses
- Force is proportional to the size of charges
- There is a gravitational field around mass
- There is an electric field around charge
- There is only one type of mass
- But two types of charge
- Force in mass is always attractive
,EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
- In charge it can be attractive or repulsive
- The constant of proportionality id G and it does not change
- Charge's is k and depends on the material
- Gravitational force is weak unless a big mass
- Electric force is very strong but not noticed as the charges cancel out in an atom
- Both have force inversely proportional to the square of the separation
Comparing oscillation graphs for simple harmonic motion - ans- Compare amplitudes to show how far
something is oscillating
- Compare phase difference to show how far through the cycle something is in
Concave Lens - ansDiverging
Spreads light
Correct short sightedness
Conditions for an ideal gas - ans- Molecules are perfectly elastic so they bounce of the container
- They exert forces on each-other only when they collide
- They are so tiny they take up no space at all
Conditions needed for total internal reflection - ansHas to be travelling out of a more dense material e.g.
water -> air
Angle of incidence has to be greater than the critical angle
constructive interference - ansWhen two interfered waves add to create a bigger wave
A path difference of a whole wavelength
Converting Mev to u - ansMev / 931.5
Converting u to Mev - ansu x 931.5
Convex - ansConverging
Focuses light
Correct far sightedness
Critical Damping - ansthe condition in which the damping of an oscillator causes it to return as quickly as
possible to its equilibrium position without oscillating back and forth about this position
De broglie equation - anspredicts all moving particles have wave characteristics
wavelength = planck's constant / momentum
Density equation - ansDensity = mass/volume
Derive E = 1/2mc^2 = 3/2kT - ansPV = 1/3Nmc^2
, EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
x3
3PV = Nmc^2
/2
3/2PV = 1/2Nmc^2
N = PV/kT
3/2PV = 1/2PVmc^2/kT
PV Cancel and move kT across
3/2kT = 1/2mc^2 = E
destructive interference - ansWhen two interfered waves cancel to create a smaller wave
A path difference of one wave that has an extra half wavelength
Diffraction - ansThe bending of a wave as it moves around an obstacle or passes through a narrow
opening
Diffraction Equation - ansdSinθ = nλ
d = 1/N
N = number of lines per mm
θ= angle of diffraction
n= which order (number of dot on wall)
λ= wavelength
d= distance between slits
Displacement time graphs for simple harmonic motion - ans- A sinusoidal wave
Displacement, velocity and acceleration time graphs for simple harmonic motion - ans
Drawing diagrams for convex lenses where object is after principle focus - ans1. Draw principle axis and a
lens and an arrow to represent the object
2. Mark the principle focuses
3. First ray goes from object to lens then down through the principle focus on the right side
4. second ray goes from top of object through principle focus
5. Draw image where lines meet
Drawing diagrams for convex lenses where object is before principle focus - ans1. Draw principle axis and
a lens and an arrow to represent the object
2. Mark the principle focuses
3. First ray goes from object to lens then down through the principle focus on the right side
4. second ray goes from top of object through principle focus
5. Trace back rays
6. Draw image where lines meet
Drawing Lens diagram for a concave lens - ans1. Draw principle axis and a lens and an arrow to
represent the object
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
x10^11m
Distance from earth to sun
1 Light Year in metres - ansOne year =3.15x10^7s
Speed of light = 3x10^8
Distance = speed x time
= 3x10^8 x 3.15x10^7
= 9.45 x10^15m
1 parsec in metres - ans3.09x10^16m
Distance in pc = 1/parallax angle in seconds of arc
7 SI Units - ansMass (kg)
Length (m)
Temp (K)
Illumination (Candela)
Amount of Substance (mole)
Electrical Current (amp)
Time (s)
Absolute Zero - ansThe coldest temperature, 0 Kelvin or -273 degrees, that can be reached. It is the
hypothetical temperature at which all molecular motion stops.
Absorption Spectra - ansa spectrum of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a substance,
showing dark lines or bands due to absorption of specific wavelengths.
Advantages of Fusion over Fission - ans- Power output is greater
- Raw materials are cheap and available (hydrogen in water)
- No radioactive waster is produced directly
Advantages of pulse-echo techniques in pregnancy imaging - ans- non-ionising
- real-time imagery
- surface rendering
Age of the universe - ans13.7 billion years
Alpha Decay Equation - ans222/88 Ra ---> 4/2 He + 218/86 R
Alpha ionising ability - ansVery Strong
Alpha penetration - ansStopped by paper, skin or few cm of air
Amplitude - ansthe maximum displacement that the particles of a wave's medium vibrate from the centre
of the wave
Atomic Line Spectra Model Answer - ans- All elements and their isotopes have a line spectrum
,EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
- The spectra are the wavelengths absorbed or emitted from an element with an electron gains or looses
energy
- The energy is lost in the form of photons of certain wavelengths
Atomic number - ansthe number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
backround radiation - ansnuclear radiation that occurs naturally in the environment
Beta ionising ability - ansMedium Strong
Beta Minus Decay equation - ans14/6C ---> 14/7N + 0/-1e ) 0/0v
Beta penetration - ansStoped by 3mm of aluminium of about 1 m or air
Beta Plus Decay equation - ans15/8O ---> 15/7N + 0/1e + 0/0v
Binding energy per nucleon curve - ansAll reaction through fission or fusion aim to get to iron 56 because
it is the most stable element
Black body radiation curves - ans- higher the peak the higher the temperature
Black Body radiator - ansA theoretical object that completely absorbs and emits all radiation that lands on
it.
Breaking Stress - ansThe stress required to fracture a material whether by compression, tension, or
shear.
Chain Reaction - ansAs a fission reaction splits it produces 3 neutrons which can go on to split 3 other
neutrons creating an exponential chain reaction
Charge of radiations - ans- Alpha = +2
- Beta = -1
- Gamma = 0
Coherence - ansWaves that have the same frequency and are always in phase or keep the same phase
difference all the time
Compare E and G fields model answer - ansNewton's Law of gravitation vs coulombs law of charge:
- Force is felt by objects with mass
- Force is felt by objects with charge
- Force is proportional to the size of the masses
- Force is proportional to the size of charges
- There is a gravitational field around mass
- There is an electric field around charge
- There is only one type of mass
- But two types of charge
- Force in mass is always attractive
,EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
- In charge it can be attractive or repulsive
- The constant of proportionality id G and it does not change
- Charge's is k and depends on the material
- Gravitational force is weak unless a big mass
- Electric force is very strong but not noticed as the charges cancel out in an atom
- Both have force inversely proportional to the square of the separation
Comparing oscillation graphs for simple harmonic motion - ans- Compare amplitudes to show how far
something is oscillating
- Compare phase difference to show how far through the cycle something is in
Concave Lens - ansDiverging
Spreads light
Correct short sightedness
Conditions for an ideal gas - ans- Molecules are perfectly elastic so they bounce of the container
- They exert forces on each-other only when they collide
- They are so tiny they take up no space at all
Conditions needed for total internal reflection - ansHas to be travelling out of a more dense material e.g.
water -> air
Angle of incidence has to be greater than the critical angle
constructive interference - ansWhen two interfered waves add to create a bigger wave
A path difference of a whole wavelength
Converting Mev to u - ansMev / 931.5
Converting u to Mev - ansu x 931.5
Convex - ansConverging
Focuses light
Correct far sightedness
Critical Damping - ansthe condition in which the damping of an oscillator causes it to return as quickly as
possible to its equilibrium position without oscillating back and forth about this position
De broglie equation - anspredicts all moving particles have wave characteristics
wavelength = planck's constant / momentum
Density equation - ansDensity = mass/volume
Derive E = 1/2mc^2 = 3/2kT - ansPV = 1/3Nmc^2
, EDEXCEL A LEVEL JUNE 2023 PHYSICAL
EDUCATION 9PE0 QUESTION PAPER 2
x3
3PV = Nmc^2
/2
3/2PV = 1/2Nmc^2
N = PV/kT
3/2PV = 1/2PVmc^2/kT
PV Cancel and move kT across
3/2kT = 1/2mc^2 = E
destructive interference - ansWhen two interfered waves cancel to create a smaller wave
A path difference of one wave that has an extra half wavelength
Diffraction - ansThe bending of a wave as it moves around an obstacle or passes through a narrow
opening
Diffraction Equation - ansdSinθ = nλ
d = 1/N
N = number of lines per mm
θ= angle of diffraction
n= which order (number of dot on wall)
λ= wavelength
d= distance between slits
Displacement time graphs for simple harmonic motion - ans- A sinusoidal wave
Displacement, velocity and acceleration time graphs for simple harmonic motion - ans
Drawing diagrams for convex lenses where object is after principle focus - ans1. Draw principle axis and a
lens and an arrow to represent the object
2. Mark the principle focuses
3. First ray goes from object to lens then down through the principle focus on the right side
4. second ray goes from top of object through principle focus
5. Draw image where lines meet
Drawing diagrams for convex lenses where object is before principle focus - ans1. Draw principle axis and
a lens and an arrow to represent the object
2. Mark the principle focuses
3. First ray goes from object to lens then down through the principle focus on the right side
4. second ray goes from top of object through principle focus
5. Trace back rays
6. Draw image where lines meet
Drawing Lens diagram for a concave lens - ans1. Draw principle axis and a lens and an arrow to
represent the object
