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what is the average stroke volume during exercise and at rest? --SOLUTION---Rest: 70 mL/b Exercise:
120-190mL/b
what is the average cardiac output at rest and during Exercise? --SOLUTION---Rest: 4900 mL/min
Exercise: 22800-34200 mL/min
What is the fuel for the anaerobic alactic system? Duration? By products? --SOLUTION---Fuel: ATP and
PCr
Duration : 0-15 secs
By products: ADP, Cr, Pi
What is the fuel for the anaerobic lactic system? Duration? By-products? --SOLUTION---Fuel: CHO
Duration: 15-120 secs
By-Products: Lactic Acid, 2 ATP/mol CHO
What is the fuel for the aerobic system? Duration? By-products? --SOLUTION---Fuel: CHO, Fats, and
Proteins (5%)
Duration: 120 -several hours
By-Products: Heat, 36 ATP/mol CHO, H20, CO2
What is the valid direct measure of MAP or VO2? --SOLUTION---A breath by breath analysis whereby the
subject is hooked up to an analyzer via a hose/mask. Thew contents of each breath is then analyzed while
incrementally increasing the WR/WL until the subject can no longer maintain the intended intensity
minimum or the tester deems them unfit to continue.
What are METs? --SOLUTION---A MET or Metabolic Equivalent is the ratio of energy consumption to a
reference metabolic rate set by convention to 3.5 ml O2/kg/min.
, What are the METs during light intensity, moderate intensity, vigorous intensity, and moderate-vigorous
intensity PA? --SOLUTION---Light: >1.5 MET <3.0
Moderate: 3-6 METS
Vigorous: >6 MET
Mod-Vig: All Activities > 3 METs
Define Muscular Strength. --SOLUTION---Is the ability to prodiuce maximal force at a given speed.
Define Endurance. --SOLUTION---Is the relative intensity of exercise that an individual can maintain for a
period of time.
Define Aerobic Power. --SOLUTION---Refers to the maximal rate of O2 consumption to do sustained or
near continuous work per unit of time.
Define Muscular Power. --SOLUTION---It is the ability to generate strength at speed. Sometimes it is
referred to as the force-velocity relationship.
Define Flexibility --SOLUTION---The range of motions about a joint or a series of joints.
What is the primary lever type in the body? What is its orientation? --SOLUTION----Third Class Lever
-The fulcrum is at the end of the lever and the effort is b/w the fulcrum and load.
Describe the principles of force production --SOLUTION---The Skeletal system works as a biomechanical
system in which the bones and joints form levers and the muscle acts as the effort force causing the joint
to move. The Agonist muscle causing force contracts while the antagonist muscle lengthens/relaxes. The
Stabilizers ensure no unwanted movement occurs.
What are the 3 major muscle groups? --SOLUTION---1. Cardiac Muscle
2. Smooth Muscle
3. Skeletal Muscle