1|Page
Nr341 Pharmacology Cje Benchmark Newest
2025/2026 Complete Questions And Correct Detailed
Answers With Rationales (Verified Answers) |Newest
Version!!!
Pharmacokinetics - Answer-what the body does to the
drug
This includes
absorption
distribution
metabolism (biotransformation)
elimination
What does the liver do to a drug - Answer-it is the primary
metabolism organ in the body
what does the kidney do to a drug - Answer-the kidney is
primary in excretion
,2|Page
absorption - Answer-the process by which a drug moves
across 1+ cell membranes from its site of administration
into the blood.
Pharmodynamics - Answer-what the drug does to the body
this includes:
the change that is caused by the drug
Drug action
mechanism of action
Pharmacokinetics includes which 4 processes? - Answer-
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
what does pharmacokinetics determine? - Answer--the
onset of a drugs effect(how long it takes to start working
-intensity of a drug
(all depend on pt related factors)
,3|Page
factors that influence absorption - Answer--drug chemistry
(solubility, polarity)
-route of administration (oral vs IV)
-coating on the drug
what are some common routes of drug administration -
Answer-enteral, parenteral and inhaled
Enteral administration - Answer-includes oral admin
sublingual admin- under the tongue
buccal admin- inside the cheek
rectal admin
parenteral administration - Answer-injecting a medication
into body tissues.
includes:
intravenous (IV)
intramuscular (IM)
subcutaneously (subQ)- injecting the drug into the tissue
later between skin and muscles.
, 4|Page
IV route of administration - Answer-pumped directly into R
heart
does not interfere with the liver, not metabolized initially,
preferred for this reason (immediate and intense effects)
Absorption is immediate!!!
Oral route of administration absorption characteristics -
Answer-the drug passes through the liver for metabolism
motility is important factor with these types of admin
because it can effect absorption.
Ex: pt has diarrhea and vomiting-drug cannot be
absorbed-pt receives lower and potentially ineffective level
of drug.
Ex: pt has constipation-slow/toxic-pt will have higher level
of drug in the body
Nr341 Pharmacology Cje Benchmark Newest
2025/2026 Complete Questions And Correct Detailed
Answers With Rationales (Verified Answers) |Newest
Version!!!
Pharmacokinetics - Answer-what the body does to the
drug
This includes
absorption
distribution
metabolism (biotransformation)
elimination
What does the liver do to a drug - Answer-it is the primary
metabolism organ in the body
what does the kidney do to a drug - Answer-the kidney is
primary in excretion
,2|Page
absorption - Answer-the process by which a drug moves
across 1+ cell membranes from its site of administration
into the blood.
Pharmodynamics - Answer-what the drug does to the body
this includes:
the change that is caused by the drug
Drug action
mechanism of action
Pharmacokinetics includes which 4 processes? - Answer-
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination
what does pharmacokinetics determine? - Answer--the
onset of a drugs effect(how long it takes to start working
-intensity of a drug
(all depend on pt related factors)
,3|Page
factors that influence absorption - Answer--drug chemistry
(solubility, polarity)
-route of administration (oral vs IV)
-coating on the drug
what are some common routes of drug administration -
Answer-enteral, parenteral and inhaled
Enteral administration - Answer-includes oral admin
sublingual admin- under the tongue
buccal admin- inside the cheek
rectal admin
parenteral administration - Answer-injecting a medication
into body tissues.
includes:
intravenous (IV)
intramuscular (IM)
subcutaneously (subQ)- injecting the drug into the tissue
later between skin and muscles.
, 4|Page
IV route of administration - Answer-pumped directly into R
heart
does not interfere with the liver, not metabolized initially,
preferred for this reason (immediate and intense effects)
Absorption is immediate!!!
Oral route of administration absorption characteristics -
Answer-the drug passes through the liver for metabolism
motility is important factor with these types of admin
because it can effect absorption.
Ex: pt has diarrhea and vomiting-drug cannot be
absorbed-pt receives lower and potentially ineffective level
of drug.
Ex: pt has constipation-slow/toxic-pt will have higher level
of drug in the body
