COMSAE 110 Exam Study
Guide 2024/2025 – Actual
Questions with Verified Correct
Answers
COMSAE 110 Exam Study Guide 2024/2025 – 100 Questions with Verified Correct Answers
1. A 45-year-old patient presents with a sudden, severe headache described as "the worst
headache of my life." Non-contrast CT head is negative. What is the most appropriate next
diagnostic step?
A. MRI Brain
B. Lumbar Puncture ✓
C. Cerebral Angiography
D. Repeat CT head with contrast
2. Which of the following is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?
A. Adrenal adenoma
B. Ectopic ACTH production
C. Iatrogenic (exogenous glucocorticoid administration) ✓
D. Pituitary adenoma (Cushing's disease)
3. The most common site for a Meckel's diverticulum is:
A. The duodenum
B. The jejunum
C. The ileum, within 2 feet of the ileocecal valve ✓
D. The ileocecal valve itself
4. A patient presents with recurrent syncope and a systolic murmur that increases in intensity
with Valsalva maneuver. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Mitral valve prolapse
,C. Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy ✓
D. Atrial myxoma
5. Which immunoglobulin is primarily involved in a Type I hypersensitivity reaction?
A. IgA
B. IgD
C. IgE ✓
D. IgG
6. What is the most common organism causing infective endocarditis in intravenous drug
users?
A. Streptococcus viridans
B. Staphylococcus aureus ✓
C. Enterococcus faecalis
D. Staphylococcus epidermidis
7. A 60-year-old male with a history of smoking presents with hemoptysis, weight loss, and a
Pancoast tumor. Which structure is most likely to be invaded first?
A. Phrenic nerve
B. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
C. Brachial plexus ✓
D. Cervical sympathetic chain
8. The "gold standard" for diagnosing multiple sclerosis is:
A. CSF oligoclonal bands
B. MRI Brain
C. Clinical presentation and McDonald Criteria ✓
D. Evoked potentials
9. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with a prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT)?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin K ✓
10. A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis has a serum potassium of 6.0 mEq/L. After initiating
insulin therapy, the potassium level drops to 2.8 mEq/L. Why does this occur?
A. Insulin causes intracellular shift of potassium ✓
B. Insulin causes renal potassium wasting
,C. The initial hyperkalemia was spurious
D. Insulin induces vomiting
11. Which of the following is a feature of nephrotic syndrome?
A. Hypertension
B. Hyperalbuminemia
C. Hypercoagulable state ✓
D. RBC casts on urinalysis
12. The most common primary malignant bone tumor in children is:
A. Ewing sarcoma
B. Chondrosarcoma
C. Metastatic disease
D. Osteosarcoma ✓
13. A patient presents with unilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis. This is characteristic of:
A. CN III Palsy
B. Horner's Syndrome ✓
C. Myasthenia Gravis
D. Bell's Palsy
14. Which of the following is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in
adults?
A. Haemophilus influenzae
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae ✓
C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
D. Legionella pneumophila
15. The hormone most responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor is:
A. Progesterone
B. Estrogen
C. Oxytocin ✓
D. Prolactin
16. Which cell is primarily responsible for the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
A. Chief cells
B. G-cells
C. Mucous cells
D. Parietal cells ✓
, 17. A 25-year-old female presents with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and visual field defects.
The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Craniopharyngioma
B. Sheehan's Syndrome
C. Prolactinoma ✓
D. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
18. Which of the following is a classic triad of symptoms for Wilson's Disease?
A. Tremor, hepatomegaly, Kayser-Fleischer rings ✓
B. Arthritis, skin hyperpigmentation, diabetes
C. Dementia, urinary incontinence, gait apraxia
D. Migratory polyarthritis, erythema marginatum, chorea
19. The most common location for a cerebral aneurysm is:
A. The circle of Willis, specifically at the anterior communicating artery ✓
B. The middle cerebral artery
C. The basilar artery
D. The vertebral artery
20. Which of the following is a direct complication of a posterior hip dislocation?
A. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head ✓
B. Femoral nerve injury
C. Deep vein thrombosis
D. Sciatic nerve injury is a risk, but AVN is the most direct complication.
21. A patient with a history of recent upper respiratory infection presents with tea-colored
urine and hypertension. Urinalysis shows RBC casts. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Acute Tubular Necrosis
B. Goodpasture's Syndrome
C. Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis ✓
D. IgA Nephropathy
22. Which of the following is the most potent stimulus for gastric acid secretion?
A. Vagal stimulation
B. Gastrin
C. Histamine ✓
D. Acetylcholine
23. A newborn is diagnosed with a congenital heart defect characterized by a machine-like
murmur. The most likely defect is:
Guide 2024/2025 – Actual
Questions with Verified Correct
Answers
COMSAE 110 Exam Study Guide 2024/2025 – 100 Questions with Verified Correct Answers
1. A 45-year-old patient presents with a sudden, severe headache described as "the worst
headache of my life." Non-contrast CT head is negative. What is the most appropriate next
diagnostic step?
A. MRI Brain
B. Lumbar Puncture ✓
C. Cerebral Angiography
D. Repeat CT head with contrast
2. Which of the following is the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?
A. Adrenal adenoma
B. Ectopic ACTH production
C. Iatrogenic (exogenous glucocorticoid administration) ✓
D. Pituitary adenoma (Cushing's disease)
3. The most common site for a Meckel's diverticulum is:
A. The duodenum
B. The jejunum
C. The ileum, within 2 feet of the ileocecal valve ✓
D. The ileocecal valve itself
4. A patient presents with recurrent syncope and a systolic murmur that increases in intensity
with Valsalva maneuver. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Aortic stenosis
B. Mitral valve prolapse
,C. Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy ✓
D. Atrial myxoma
5. Which immunoglobulin is primarily involved in a Type I hypersensitivity reaction?
A. IgA
B. IgD
C. IgE ✓
D. IgG
6. What is the most common organism causing infective endocarditis in intravenous drug
users?
A. Streptococcus viridans
B. Staphylococcus aureus ✓
C. Enterococcus faecalis
D. Staphylococcus epidermidis
7. A 60-year-old male with a history of smoking presents with hemoptysis, weight loss, and a
Pancoast tumor. Which structure is most likely to be invaded first?
A. Phrenic nerve
B. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
C. Brachial plexus ✓
D. Cervical sympathetic chain
8. The "gold standard" for diagnosing multiple sclerosis is:
A. CSF oligoclonal bands
B. MRI Brain
C. Clinical presentation and McDonald Criteria ✓
D. Evoked potentials
9. Which vitamin deficiency is associated with a prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT)?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin K ✓
10. A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis has a serum potassium of 6.0 mEq/L. After initiating
insulin therapy, the potassium level drops to 2.8 mEq/L. Why does this occur?
A. Insulin causes intracellular shift of potassium ✓
B. Insulin causes renal potassium wasting
,C. The initial hyperkalemia was spurious
D. Insulin induces vomiting
11. Which of the following is a feature of nephrotic syndrome?
A. Hypertension
B. Hyperalbuminemia
C. Hypercoagulable state ✓
D. RBC casts on urinalysis
12. The most common primary malignant bone tumor in children is:
A. Ewing sarcoma
B. Chondrosarcoma
C. Metastatic disease
D. Osteosarcoma ✓
13. A patient presents with unilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis. This is characteristic of:
A. CN III Palsy
B. Horner's Syndrome ✓
C. Myasthenia Gravis
D. Bell's Palsy
14. Which of the following is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in
adults?
A. Haemophilus influenzae
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae ✓
C. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
D. Legionella pneumophila
15. The hormone most responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor is:
A. Progesterone
B. Estrogen
C. Oxytocin ✓
D. Prolactin
16. Which cell is primarily responsible for the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
A. Chief cells
B. G-cells
C. Mucous cells
D. Parietal cells ✓
, 17. A 25-year-old female presents with amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and visual field defects.
The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Craniopharyngioma
B. Sheehan's Syndrome
C. Prolactinoma ✓
D. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
18. Which of the following is a classic triad of symptoms for Wilson's Disease?
A. Tremor, hepatomegaly, Kayser-Fleischer rings ✓
B. Arthritis, skin hyperpigmentation, diabetes
C. Dementia, urinary incontinence, gait apraxia
D. Migratory polyarthritis, erythema marginatum, chorea
19. The most common location for a cerebral aneurysm is:
A. The circle of Willis, specifically at the anterior communicating artery ✓
B. The middle cerebral artery
C. The basilar artery
D. The vertebral artery
20. Which of the following is a direct complication of a posterior hip dislocation?
A. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head ✓
B. Femoral nerve injury
C. Deep vein thrombosis
D. Sciatic nerve injury is a risk, but AVN is the most direct complication.
21. A patient with a history of recent upper respiratory infection presents with tea-colored
urine and hypertension. Urinalysis shows RBC casts. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Acute Tubular Necrosis
B. Goodpasture's Syndrome
C. Post-streptococcal Glomerulonephritis ✓
D. IgA Nephropathy
22. Which of the following is the most potent stimulus for gastric acid secretion?
A. Vagal stimulation
B. Gastrin
C. Histamine ✓
D. Acetylcholine
23. A newborn is diagnosed with a congenital heart defect characterized by a machine-like
murmur. The most likely defect is:
