Test Bank for Brock Biology of Microorganisms 16th Edition By
Michael Madigan, Kelly Bender, Daniel Buckley, David Stahl
16th Edition
, Test Bank for Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 16e Michael
Madigan, Kelly Bender, Daniel Buckley, David Stahl (Test
bank with answers at the end of each chapter)
Chapter 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
1) The production of human proteins (e.g., insulin) by genetically engineered microorganisms is an 1)
example of , a subdiscipline of microbiology.
A) Biotechnology B) applied microbiology
C) industrial microbiology D) molecular microbiology
2) Which of the following statements is correct? 2)
A) Microorganisms represent a much smaller amount of Earth's biomass than plants.
B) Microorganisms are significant in number, but not in overall biomass.
C) Microorganisms represent a much smaller amount of Earth's biomass than animals.
D) Microorganisms are significant contributors to the total biomass on Earth.
3) Which of the following types of microscopy could be used to visualize the layers of the cell 3)
membrane and the cell wall?
A) Phase-contrast microscopy B) Bright-field microscopy
C) Transmission electron microscopy D) Confocal microscopy
4) Robert Koch contributed to the field of microbiology by being the first person to 4)
A) Use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media only.
B) Develop the tuberculin test only.
C) Formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease
only.
D) Develop the tuberculin test, formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific
microorganism to a specific disease, and use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media.
5) Microorganisms play key roles in the cycling of important nutrients in plant nutrition, 5)
particularly those of
A) Sulfur only. B) carbon only.
C) nitrogen only. D) carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.
6) The first documented description of a microorganism was of a by . 6)
A) Yeast / Martinus Beijerinck B) fungus / Robert Koch
C) bacterium / Ferdinand Cohn D) mold / Robert Hooke
7) In what/which domain(s) of life is/are microorganisms represented? 7)
A) Archaea B) Eukarya
C) Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya D) Bacteria
8) When medical devices are left in the body, bacteria may grow on them as , which 8)
makes them especially resistant to treatment.
A) Communities B) biofilms C) populations D) liquids
, 9) Produced by microbial fermentation of glucose from cellulose or cornstarch is 9)
becoming a more important component of biofuels in the United States, and specialized
Are needed to make this a commercially available product.
A) Biodiesel / biotechnologists B) Ethanol / industrial microbiologists
C) Ethanol / biotechnologists D) Biodiesel / industrial microbiologists
10) Why is ribosomal RNA especially useful for the study of phylogenetic relationships? 10)
A) It is highly conserved.
B) It is highly variable.
C) It is extremely short.
D) It is only found in some species, helping them to distinguish from others.
11) The discovery of antibiotics and other important chemicals led to the field of 11)
A) Agricultural microbiology. B) industrial microbiology.
C) marine microbiology. D) aquatic microbiology.
12) Which of the following is/are characteristic of all cellular organisms? 12)
A) Communication, evolution, and B) Evolution
motility
C) Communication D) Motility
13) Deduce why viruses are excluded from the ribosomal RNA-based tree of life. 13)
A) Their genetic elements cannot be sequenced.
B) They lack ribosomal RNA (rrna).
C) Some viruses contain multiple strands of RNA.
D) They can infect other organisms, which complicates the genetic comparisons.
14) Electron microscopy has greater than light microscopy, because the wavelength of 14)
visible light is much larger than the wavelength of electrons.
A) Magnification B) contrast C) penetration D) resolution
15) Biological catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called 15)
A) Evolutionary molecules. B) enzymes.
C) growth agents. D) catalytic converters.
16) Bacillus anthracis deficient in its ability to differentiate would not be able to 16)
A) Create vesicles.
B) Grow without additional supplemented nutrients.
C) Chemotax toward growth substrates.
D) Form spores.
17) Martinus Beijerinck was the first to isolate 17)
A) Certain nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria.
B) Green algae.
C) Certain sulfate-reducing bacteria.
D) Green algae, certain nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria, and certain sulfate-reducing
bacteria.
18) Microbes playing a role in nitrogen fixation in plants live in , while those playing a 18)
role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in .
A) Nodules / rumens B) nodules / fortrans
, C) fortrans / rumens D) rumens / nodules
19) Microbial cells first evolved on Earth approximately billion years ago. 19)
A) 1.6 to 1.8 B) 5.4 to 5.6 C) 3.8 to 4.3 D) 7.0 to 7.2
20) What field focuses specifically on the use of microbes to make products, such as antibiotics, on a large 20)
scale?
A) Biotechnology B) Industrial ecology
C) Microbial ecology D) Medical microbiology
21) Which of the following is NOT an accomplishment of Louis Pasteur? 21)
A) Developed heat sterilization techniques that involved the creation of a specialized swan-
necked flask
B) Developed the first rabies vaccine and treated thousands of individuals
C) Developed enrichment culture techniques
D) Determined that the alcohol-making process was mediated by microbial fermentation and
thus refuted the theory of spontaneous generation
22) Was the first to describe microorganisms, while was the first person to see 22)
bacteria.
A) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek / Robert Koch
B) Robert Hooke / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
C) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek / Robert Hook
D) Robert Koch / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
23) An organism of the genus Staphylococcus is , while an organism of the genus
Spirochaeta is .
23)
A) Spherical / coiled B) coiled / spherical
C) spherical / rod shaped D) rod shaped / coiled
24) Approximately two billion years ago, were primarily responsible for initially
oxygenating Earth. 24)
A) Archaea B) purple sulfur bacteria
C) cyanobacteria D) algae
25) A Pasteur flask has a(n) 25)
A) Inverted upper edge to prevent spillage while swirling.
B) Swan neck to prevent particulate matter from getting into the main body of the flask.
C) Double neck so two substances may be added at the same time.
D) Secondary opening at the base to allow for drainage.
26) A pure culture 26)
A) Is made of a clearly defined chemical medium.
B) Is a population of identical cells.
C) Contains one microbial cell.
D) Is sterile.
27) Compared to Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea have surface-to-volume ratios, causing 27)
Nutrient exchange.
A) Lower / lower B) higher / lower C) higher / higher D) lower / higher
28) Which of the following statements is FALSE? 28)
Michael Madigan, Kelly Bender, Daniel Buckley, David Stahl
16th Edition
, Test Bank for Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 16e Michael
Madigan, Kelly Bender, Daniel Buckley, David Stahl (Test
bank with answers at the end of each chapter)
Chapter 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
1) The production of human proteins (e.g., insulin) by genetically engineered microorganisms is an 1)
example of , a subdiscipline of microbiology.
A) Biotechnology B) applied microbiology
C) industrial microbiology D) molecular microbiology
2) Which of the following statements is correct? 2)
A) Microorganisms represent a much smaller amount of Earth's biomass than plants.
B) Microorganisms are significant in number, but not in overall biomass.
C) Microorganisms represent a much smaller amount of Earth's biomass than animals.
D) Microorganisms are significant contributors to the total biomass on Earth.
3) Which of the following types of microscopy could be used to visualize the layers of the cell 3)
membrane and the cell wall?
A) Phase-contrast microscopy B) Bright-field microscopy
C) Transmission electron microscopy D) Confocal microscopy
4) Robert Koch contributed to the field of microbiology by being the first person to 4)
A) Use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media only.
B) Develop the tuberculin test only.
C) Formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease
only.
D) Develop the tuberculin test, formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific
microorganism to a specific disease, and use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media.
5) Microorganisms play key roles in the cycling of important nutrients in plant nutrition, 5)
particularly those of
A) Sulfur only. B) carbon only.
C) nitrogen only. D) carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.
6) The first documented description of a microorganism was of a by . 6)
A) Yeast / Martinus Beijerinck B) fungus / Robert Koch
C) bacterium / Ferdinand Cohn D) mold / Robert Hooke
7) In what/which domain(s) of life is/are microorganisms represented? 7)
A) Archaea B) Eukarya
C) Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya D) Bacteria
8) When medical devices are left in the body, bacteria may grow on them as , which 8)
makes them especially resistant to treatment.
A) Communities B) biofilms C) populations D) liquids
, 9) Produced by microbial fermentation of glucose from cellulose or cornstarch is 9)
becoming a more important component of biofuels in the United States, and specialized
Are needed to make this a commercially available product.
A) Biodiesel / biotechnologists B) Ethanol / industrial microbiologists
C) Ethanol / biotechnologists D) Biodiesel / industrial microbiologists
10) Why is ribosomal RNA especially useful for the study of phylogenetic relationships? 10)
A) It is highly conserved.
B) It is highly variable.
C) It is extremely short.
D) It is only found in some species, helping them to distinguish from others.
11) The discovery of antibiotics and other important chemicals led to the field of 11)
A) Agricultural microbiology. B) industrial microbiology.
C) marine microbiology. D) aquatic microbiology.
12) Which of the following is/are characteristic of all cellular organisms? 12)
A) Communication, evolution, and B) Evolution
motility
C) Communication D) Motility
13) Deduce why viruses are excluded from the ribosomal RNA-based tree of life. 13)
A) Their genetic elements cannot be sequenced.
B) They lack ribosomal RNA (rrna).
C) Some viruses contain multiple strands of RNA.
D) They can infect other organisms, which complicates the genetic comparisons.
14) Electron microscopy has greater than light microscopy, because the wavelength of 14)
visible light is much larger than the wavelength of electrons.
A) Magnification B) contrast C) penetration D) resolution
15) Biological catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called 15)
A) Evolutionary molecules. B) enzymes.
C) growth agents. D) catalytic converters.
16) Bacillus anthracis deficient in its ability to differentiate would not be able to 16)
A) Create vesicles.
B) Grow without additional supplemented nutrients.
C) Chemotax toward growth substrates.
D) Form spores.
17) Martinus Beijerinck was the first to isolate 17)
A) Certain nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria.
B) Green algae.
C) Certain sulfate-reducing bacteria.
D) Green algae, certain nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria, and certain sulfate-reducing
bacteria.
18) Microbes playing a role in nitrogen fixation in plants live in , while those playing a 18)
role in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in .
A) Nodules / rumens B) nodules / fortrans
, C) fortrans / rumens D) rumens / nodules
19) Microbial cells first evolved on Earth approximately billion years ago. 19)
A) 1.6 to 1.8 B) 5.4 to 5.6 C) 3.8 to 4.3 D) 7.0 to 7.2
20) What field focuses specifically on the use of microbes to make products, such as antibiotics, on a large 20)
scale?
A) Biotechnology B) Industrial ecology
C) Microbial ecology D) Medical microbiology
21) Which of the following is NOT an accomplishment of Louis Pasteur? 21)
A) Developed heat sterilization techniques that involved the creation of a specialized swan-
necked flask
B) Developed the first rabies vaccine and treated thousands of individuals
C) Developed enrichment culture techniques
D) Determined that the alcohol-making process was mediated by microbial fermentation and
thus refuted the theory of spontaneous generation
22) Was the first to describe microorganisms, while was the first person to see 22)
bacteria.
A) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek / Robert Koch
B) Robert Hooke / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
C) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek / Robert Hook
D) Robert Koch / Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
23) An organism of the genus Staphylococcus is , while an organism of the genus
Spirochaeta is .
23)
A) Spherical / coiled B) coiled / spherical
C) spherical / rod shaped D) rod shaped / coiled
24) Approximately two billion years ago, were primarily responsible for initially
oxygenating Earth. 24)
A) Archaea B) purple sulfur bacteria
C) cyanobacteria D) algae
25) A Pasteur flask has a(n) 25)
A) Inverted upper edge to prevent spillage while swirling.
B) Swan neck to prevent particulate matter from getting into the main body of the flask.
C) Double neck so two substances may be added at the same time.
D) Secondary opening at the base to allow for drainage.
26) A pure culture 26)
A) Is made of a clearly defined chemical medium.
B) Is a population of identical cells.
C) Contains one microbial cell.
D) Is sterile.
27) Compared to Eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea have surface-to-volume ratios, causing 27)
Nutrient exchange.
A) Lower / lower B) higher / lower C) higher / higher D) lower / higher
28) Which of the following statements is FALSE? 28)
