Fundamentals of Geology Exam
(ASBOG) 2025/2026 Exam Questions
and Verified Answers | Already Graded
A+
Degree of saturation (SR) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔SR = Vw / Vv * 100 = wGs / e
Fully saturated soil - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔SR = 100%
Storivity in unconfined aquifer - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔specific yield
Hydrothermal iron - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔felsic/intermediate magmatic
segregation and calc-alkaline plutonism in Pacific Basin
,Amphibolite facies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔develops deeper in orogenic belts with
high T and moderate to high P, forming higher grade rocks
Bentonite pellets - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔should be placed with minimum of 2 ft
above filter pack in saturated zone
Speed of EQ waves - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔travelling through rock is faster
compared to loose soil
Atterberg limits - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔water content at boundaries between
states of consistency of soil
Unified soil classification system - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔is based on Atterberg
limits
P waves vs S waves - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Vp = sqrt(3) * Vs
Hydraulic conductivity - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔relates to grain size in aquifers
Kame - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a mound or hill of sand and gravel deposited by
melting ice
Tephra - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔volcanic ash and other fragments ejected during
an eruption
,Richter scale vs moment magnitude scale - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔both measure
earthquake magnitude but differ in calculation methods
Modified Mercalli scale - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔measures the intensity of an
earthquake based on its effects
1 ton - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔equals 2000 lbs
Dimensional analysis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a method for checking the
consistency of equations
Diagenesis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔affects the quality of an oil/gas reservoir by
enhancing or diminishing it
Riedel fractures - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔right stepping Riedel fracture is left-
laterally moving
Permeability - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔affects the rate of production in a sub-surface
reservoir
Geologic time scales - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔dating techniques and their age
ranges
Argillaceous - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔shale rich
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Vertical exaggeration - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔equals vertical scale / horizontal
scale
Fenster - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔rocks that underlie a thrust fault
Kettle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a lake formed by glacial activity
Dolomine - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a sinkhole in a karst environment
Pothole - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a hole in riverbed from circular abrasion
Illuviation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔accumulation of clay and iron in soil horizon B
Fusilinid - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔index fossil for Pennsylvanian to Permian periods
Foot - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔downslope extension of a slide mass beyond rupture
plane in subsurface
Specific capacity equation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔100 gpm with drawdown of 20 ft
has specific capacity of 5 gpm/ft
Transmissivity equation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔T = K*b = hydraulic conductivity *
aquifer thickness
Shear strength of mixed soil - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔S = c + sigma tan ф
(ASBOG) 2025/2026 Exam Questions
and Verified Answers | Already Graded
A+
Degree of saturation (SR) - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔SR = Vw / Vv * 100 = wGs / e
Fully saturated soil - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔SR = 100%
Storivity in unconfined aquifer - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔specific yield
Hydrothermal iron - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔felsic/intermediate magmatic
segregation and calc-alkaline plutonism in Pacific Basin
,Amphibolite facies - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔develops deeper in orogenic belts with
high T and moderate to high P, forming higher grade rocks
Bentonite pellets - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔should be placed with minimum of 2 ft
above filter pack in saturated zone
Speed of EQ waves - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔travelling through rock is faster
compared to loose soil
Atterberg limits - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔water content at boundaries between
states of consistency of soil
Unified soil classification system - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔is based on Atterberg
limits
P waves vs S waves - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔Vp = sqrt(3) * Vs
Hydraulic conductivity - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔relates to grain size in aquifers
Kame - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a mound or hill of sand and gravel deposited by
melting ice
Tephra - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔volcanic ash and other fragments ejected during
an eruption
,Richter scale vs moment magnitude scale - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔both measure
earthquake magnitude but differ in calculation methods
Modified Mercalli scale - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔measures the intensity of an
earthquake based on its effects
1 ton - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔equals 2000 lbs
Dimensional analysis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a method for checking the
consistency of equations
Diagenesis - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔affects the quality of an oil/gas reservoir by
enhancing or diminishing it
Riedel fractures - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔right stepping Riedel fracture is left-
laterally moving
Permeability - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔affects the rate of production in a sub-surface
reservoir
Geologic time scales - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔dating techniques and their age
ranges
Argillaceous - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔shale rich
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY 3
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Vertical exaggeration - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔equals vertical scale / horizontal
scale
Fenster - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔rocks that underlie a thrust fault
Kettle - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a lake formed by glacial activity
Dolomine - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a sinkhole in a karst environment
Pothole - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔a hole in riverbed from circular abrasion
Illuviation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔accumulation of clay and iron in soil horizon B
Fusilinid - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔index fossil for Pennsylvanian to Permian periods
Foot - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔downslope extension of a slide mass beyond rupture
plane in subsurface
Specific capacity equation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔100 gpm with drawdown of 20 ft
has specific capacity of 5 gpm/ft
Transmissivity equation - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔T = K*b = hydraulic conductivity *
aquifer thickness
Shear strength of mixed soil - 🧠ANSWER ✔✔S = c + sigma tan ф
