Portage Learning Microbiology Exam #1
Questions and Answers Graded A+
Microorganism - Correct answer-Single cell (bacteria, archaeons, fungi, protozoa,
algae)
Virus - Correct answer-Not living, not considered microorganisms, considered
microbes
Microbes - Correct answer-Include microorganisms and viruses, can be
advantageous or harmful
Cell - Correct answer-Smallest, most basic biological unit of life
All cells are compromised of - Correct answer-Macromolecules (building bloacks)
Four main types of macromolecules found ing cells - Correct answer-Proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides
Proteins - Correct answer-Comprised of amino acids, facilitate movement of
materials, act as enzymes to speed up biochemical processes, structural role
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, Amino Acid - Correct answer-Way proteins are formed by varying combinations,
20 different kinds
Each protein - Correct answer-has its own unique sequence of amino acids
Essential Amino Acids - Correct answer-human body cannot produce them, they
must be taken in from the environment through other sources (food you eat)
Nucleic Acid - Correct answer-chemical molecules that carry genetic information
within the cell
Two types of nucleic acids - Correct answer-DNA and RNA
DNA - Correct answer-deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vast amount of hereditary
info and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms, made
from nucleotides
RNA - Correct answer-ribonucleic acid, responsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins
Can DNA and RNA be found in the nucleus? - Correct answer-Yes
Can DNA and RNA leave the nucleus? - Correct answer-Only RNA. DNA is
highly compact in the nucleus
Three parts of a nucleotide - Correct answer-Nitrogenous base, sugar called
deoxyribose, and a phosphate group
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers Graded A+
Microorganism - Correct answer-Single cell (bacteria, archaeons, fungi, protozoa,
algae)
Virus - Correct answer-Not living, not considered microorganisms, considered
microbes
Microbes - Correct answer-Include microorganisms and viruses, can be
advantageous or harmful
Cell - Correct answer-Smallest, most basic biological unit of life
All cells are compromised of - Correct answer-Macromolecules (building bloacks)
Four main types of macromolecules found ing cells - Correct answer-Proteins,
nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides
Proteins - Correct answer-Comprised of amino acids, facilitate movement of
materials, act as enzymes to speed up biochemical processes, structural role
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Amino Acid - Correct answer-Way proteins are formed by varying combinations,
20 different kinds
Each protein - Correct answer-has its own unique sequence of amino acids
Essential Amino Acids - Correct answer-human body cannot produce them, they
must be taken in from the environment through other sources (food you eat)
Nucleic Acid - Correct answer-chemical molecules that carry genetic information
within the cell
Two types of nucleic acids - Correct answer-DNA and RNA
DNA - Correct answer-deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vast amount of hereditary
info and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms, made
from nucleotides
RNA - Correct answer-ribonucleic acid, responsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins
Can DNA and RNA be found in the nucleus? - Correct answer-Yes
Can DNA and RNA leave the nucleus? - Correct answer-Only RNA. DNA is
highly compact in the nucleus
Three parts of a nucleotide - Correct answer-Nitrogenous base, sugar called
deoxyribose, and a phosphate group
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
