BIOL 1090 Final Exam
Comprehensive Questions and
Solutions Graded A+
~3 billion years ago the Earths atmosphere was composed of - Answer: nitrogen, ammonia,
methane, carbon dioxide, water and hydrogen gas
Lifes' organic building blocks were formed when - Answer: lightning bolts fuelled reactions that
changed the composition of Earth's atmosphere
The method of the Miller-Urey experiment was - Answer: simulated Earths atmosphere from ~3
billion years ago then sent sparks of electricity through the system
The Miller-Urey experiment formed - Answer: urea, cyanide, formaldehyde and amino acids, the
basic building blocks of life
The Cell Theory states that - Answer: - the cell is the structural unit of life
- all organisms are composed of one or more cell types
- cells can only arise by the division of a pre-existing cell
The production of a cell requires - Answer: information, chemistry and compartments
Compartments are - Answer: membrane bound structures dedicated to a particular function
,The basic properties of cells are that they - Answer: - are highly complex and organized
- are actively controlled by a genetic program
can reproduce
- assimilate and utilize energy
- carry out chemical reactions
- engage in mechanical activities
- respond to stimuli
- are capable of self-regulation
- evolve
Prokaryotic cells are - Answer: structurally simple, ex: bacteria
Eukaryotic cells are - Answer: structurally complex
Types of eukaryotic organisms are - Answer: protists, fungi, plants and animals
Cells are organized with respect to - Answer: time and space
Viruses are - Answer: non-cellular macromolecule packages that can function and reproduce
only within living cells
Virons are - Answer: inanimate particles that viruses exist as outside of cells
Virons are composed of - Answer: a small amount of genetic material and a protein capsule or
capsid
, The types of cells viruses can infect and the host range are defined by - Answer: the specific
proteins on the cell surface
A virus with a wide host range is - Answer: rabies (dogs, bats, humans, etc.)
A virus with a narrow host range is - Answer: human influenza (epithelial cells of the human
respiratory system)
Once a virus has infected a cell it - Answer: hijacks cellular machinery to synthesize nucleic
acids, proteins and new virus particles
Lytic viral infections - Answer: rupture and kill cells by producing virus particles
Non-Lytic or integrative or lysogenic viral infections - Answer: - insert viral DNA into the host
genome to create a provirus
- the cell can survive with impaired function
The function of biological membranes is to - Answer: - provide cell boundary
- define and enclose compartments
- control movement of material
- allow response to external stimuli
- enable interactions between cells
- provide a scaffold for biochemical activities
The Fluid-Mosaic model of biological membranes was named for - Answer: the way individual
lipid molecules move and for the diverse particle that penetrate the lipid layer
The fluid-mosaic model is composed of - Answer: a bilayer of amphipathic lipids and proteins
Comprehensive Questions and
Solutions Graded A+
~3 billion years ago the Earths atmosphere was composed of - Answer: nitrogen, ammonia,
methane, carbon dioxide, water and hydrogen gas
Lifes' organic building blocks were formed when - Answer: lightning bolts fuelled reactions that
changed the composition of Earth's atmosphere
The method of the Miller-Urey experiment was - Answer: simulated Earths atmosphere from ~3
billion years ago then sent sparks of electricity through the system
The Miller-Urey experiment formed - Answer: urea, cyanide, formaldehyde and amino acids, the
basic building blocks of life
The Cell Theory states that - Answer: - the cell is the structural unit of life
- all organisms are composed of one or more cell types
- cells can only arise by the division of a pre-existing cell
The production of a cell requires - Answer: information, chemistry and compartments
Compartments are - Answer: membrane bound structures dedicated to a particular function
,The basic properties of cells are that they - Answer: - are highly complex and organized
- are actively controlled by a genetic program
can reproduce
- assimilate and utilize energy
- carry out chemical reactions
- engage in mechanical activities
- respond to stimuli
- are capable of self-regulation
- evolve
Prokaryotic cells are - Answer: structurally simple, ex: bacteria
Eukaryotic cells are - Answer: structurally complex
Types of eukaryotic organisms are - Answer: protists, fungi, plants and animals
Cells are organized with respect to - Answer: time and space
Viruses are - Answer: non-cellular macromolecule packages that can function and reproduce
only within living cells
Virons are - Answer: inanimate particles that viruses exist as outside of cells
Virons are composed of - Answer: a small amount of genetic material and a protein capsule or
capsid
, The types of cells viruses can infect and the host range are defined by - Answer: the specific
proteins on the cell surface
A virus with a wide host range is - Answer: rabies (dogs, bats, humans, etc.)
A virus with a narrow host range is - Answer: human influenza (epithelial cells of the human
respiratory system)
Once a virus has infected a cell it - Answer: hijacks cellular machinery to synthesize nucleic
acids, proteins and new virus particles
Lytic viral infections - Answer: rupture and kill cells by producing virus particles
Non-Lytic or integrative or lysogenic viral infections - Answer: - insert viral DNA into the host
genome to create a provirus
- the cell can survive with impaired function
The function of biological membranes is to - Answer: - provide cell boundary
- define and enclose compartments
- control movement of material
- allow response to external stimuli
- enable interactions between cells
- provide a scaffold for biochemical activities
The Fluid-Mosaic model of biological membranes was named for - Answer: the way individual
lipid molecules move and for the diverse particle that penetrate the lipid layer
The fluid-mosaic model is composed of - Answer: a bilayer of amphipathic lipids and proteins
