PORTAGE LEARNING MICROBIOLOGY
EXAM #1 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS L LATEST
VERSION 2025/2026.
Microorganism - ANS Single cell (bacteria, archaeons, fungi, protozoa, algae)
Virus - ANS Not living, not considered microorganisms, considered microbes
Microbes - ANS Include microorganisms and viruses, can be advantageous or harmful
Cell - ANS Smallest, most basic biological unit of life
All cells are compromised of - ANS Macromolecules (building bloacks)
Four main types of macromolecules found ing cells - ANS Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and
polysaccharides
Proteins - ANS Comprised of amino acids, facilitate movement of materials, act as enzymes to
speed up biochemical processes, structural role
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Amino Acid - ANS Way proteins are formed by varying combinations, 20 different kinds
Each protein - ANS has its own unique sequence of amino acids
Essential Amino Acids - ANS human body cannot produce them, they must be taken in from
the environment through other sources (food you eat)
Nucleic Acid - ANS chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell
Two types of nucleic acids - ANS DNA and RNA
DNA - ANS deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vast amount of hereditary info and is responsible
for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms, made from nucleotides
RNA - ANS ribonucleic acid, responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA
and using it to synthesize proteins
Can DNA and RNA be found in the nucleus? - ANS Yes
Can DNA and RNA leave the nucleus? - ANS Only RNA. DNA is highly compact in the nucleus
Three parts of a nucleotide - ANS Nitrogenous base, sugar called deoxyribose, and a
phosphate group
Four kinds of nitrogenous bases - ANS Adenine or guanine (purine bases) and cytosine or
thymine (pyrimidine bases)
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
EXAM #1 QUESTIONS WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS L LATEST
VERSION 2025/2026.
Microorganism - ANS Single cell (bacteria, archaeons, fungi, protozoa, algae)
Virus - ANS Not living, not considered microorganisms, considered microbes
Microbes - ANS Include microorganisms and viruses, can be advantageous or harmful
Cell - ANS Smallest, most basic biological unit of life
All cells are compromised of - ANS Macromolecules (building bloacks)
Four main types of macromolecules found ing cells - ANS Proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and
polysaccharides
Proteins - ANS Comprised of amino acids, facilitate movement of materials, act as enzymes to
speed up biochemical processes, structural role
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Amino Acid - ANS Way proteins are formed by varying combinations, 20 different kinds
Each protein - ANS has its own unique sequence of amino acids
Essential Amino Acids - ANS human body cannot produce them, they must be taken in from
the environment through other sources (food you eat)
Nucleic Acid - ANS chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell
Two types of nucleic acids - ANS DNA and RNA
DNA - ANS deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vast amount of hereditary info and is responsible
for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms, made from nucleotides
RNA - ANS ribonucleic acid, responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA
and using it to synthesize proteins
Can DNA and RNA be found in the nucleus? - ANS Yes
Can DNA and RNA leave the nucleus? - ANS Only RNA. DNA is highly compact in the nucleus
Three parts of a nucleotide - ANS Nitrogenous base, sugar called deoxyribose, and a
phosphate group
Four kinds of nitrogenous bases - ANS Adenine or guanine (purine bases) and cytosine or
thymine (pyrimidine bases)
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
