NU 578- DRUGS ON EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
What are muscarinic agonists? - ANS selectively mimic the effects of acetylcholine at
muscarinic receptors
What are cholinesterase inhibitors - ANS prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine by
acetylcholinesterase, as a result, more acetylcholine remains available to activate cholinergic
receptors
Activation of muscarinic receptors can produce what? - ANS ocular effects (miosis and ciliary
muscle contraction), slowing of heart rate, bronchial constriction, urination, glandular secretion,
stimulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and vasodilation.
What does Bethanechol activate - ANS muscarinic receptors (direct acting muscarinic
agonist)
The muscarinic agonists bind to muscarinic receptors and thereby cause receptor activation.
Because nearly all muscarinic receptors are associated with the parasympathetic nervous
system, responses to muscarinic agonists closely resemble those produced by stimulation of
parasympathetic nerves.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What is the action of bethanechol - ANS binds reversibly to muscarinic cholinergic receptors
to cause activation.
What are the principle structures affected by bethanechol - ANS heart, exocrine glands,
smooth muscles, and eyes
How does bethanechol affect the heart - ANS Muscarinic agonists act on the heart to cause
bradycardia (decreased heart rate)
How does bethanechol act on sweat glands? - ANS exocrine glands to increase sweating,
salivation, bronchial secretions, and secretion of gastric acid
How does bethanechol act on smooth muscle - ANS In smooth muscles of the lungs and GI
tract, muscarinic agonists promote contraction.
=constriction of the bronchi
= increased tone and motility of GI smooth muscle.
How does bethanechol act on the bladder - ANS Muscarinic activation causes contraction of
the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the trigone and sphincter.
= bladder emptying.
How does bethanecol act on vasculature - ANS vascular smooth muscle, these drugs cause
relaxation; the resultant vasodilation can produce hypotension
How does Bethanicol act on the eyes - ANS vascular smooth muscle, these drugs cause
relaxation; the resultant vasodilation can produce hypotension
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
What are muscarinic agonists? - ANS selectively mimic the effects of acetylcholine at
muscarinic receptors
What are cholinesterase inhibitors - ANS prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine by
acetylcholinesterase, as a result, more acetylcholine remains available to activate cholinergic
receptors
Activation of muscarinic receptors can produce what? - ANS ocular effects (miosis and ciliary
muscle contraction), slowing of heart rate, bronchial constriction, urination, glandular secretion,
stimulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and vasodilation.
What does Bethanechol activate - ANS muscarinic receptors (direct acting muscarinic
agonist)
The muscarinic agonists bind to muscarinic receptors and thereby cause receptor activation.
Because nearly all muscarinic receptors are associated with the parasympathetic nervous
system, responses to muscarinic agonists closely resemble those produced by stimulation of
parasympathetic nerves.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What is the action of bethanechol - ANS binds reversibly to muscarinic cholinergic receptors
to cause activation.
What are the principle structures affected by bethanechol - ANS heart, exocrine glands,
smooth muscles, and eyes
How does bethanechol affect the heart - ANS Muscarinic agonists act on the heart to cause
bradycardia (decreased heart rate)
How does bethanechol act on sweat glands? - ANS exocrine glands to increase sweating,
salivation, bronchial secretions, and secretion of gastric acid
How does bethanechol act on smooth muscle - ANS In smooth muscles of the lungs and GI
tract, muscarinic agonists promote contraction.
=constriction of the bronchi
= increased tone and motility of GI smooth muscle.
How does bethanechol act on the bladder - ANS Muscarinic activation causes contraction of
the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the trigone and sphincter.
= bladder emptying.
How does bethanecol act on vasculature - ANS vascular smooth muscle, these drugs cause
relaxation; the resultant vasodilation can produce hypotension
How does Bethanicol act on the eyes - ANS vascular smooth muscle, these drugs cause
relaxation; the resultant vasodilation can produce hypotension
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
