Nutrition and Healthy Eating - Notes

NUTRITION AND HEALTHY EATING


Nutrients - substances in food that your body needs.

3 Major Functions:
1.​ Provide Energy
2.​ Helps regulate metabolism
3.​ Build and repair tissue
4 Food Groups:
1.​ Carbohydrate-rich Foods
2.​ Protein-rich Foods
3.​ Fat-rich Foods
4.​ Vitamins and Minerals-rich Foods

1.​ Carbohydrate-rich Foods
-​ Energy giving foods
-​ Starch

2 Classification of Carbohydrates:
1.​ Simple Carbohydrates
-​ One or two sugar molecules
-​ Fast but short-lasting energy
Ex. Sugar, candy, cokes, fruits natural sugar

Classification:
1.​ Monosaccharide - one sugar molecules
●​ Glucose - chief Energy source or main source of
energy (cell fuel)
●​ Fructose - sweetest natural sugar (fruits and honey)
●​ Galactose - milk sugar from lactating animals
2.​ Disaccharide - combination of two monosaccharides
●​ Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose
●​ Glucose + Galactose = Lactose
●​ Glucose + Glucose = Maltose

2.​ Complex Carbohydrates
-​ Many sugar molecules
-​ Slow but long-lasting Energy
Ex. Rice, bread, pasta, potatoes

Classification:
1.​ Polysaccharides - combination of 3 or more sugar molecules

3 Common forms of Polysaccharides:
1.​ Starch - many Glucose molecule
2.​ Fiber - made of Glucose units
2 Basic Form:
1.​ Insoluble Fibers - not easily dissolved
2.​ Soluble Fibers - dissolved in water
3.​ Glycogen - highly branched


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