NUR2063 / NUR 2063 Exam 3 | Essentials of
Pathophysiology| Latest 2025/ 2026 Update |
Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct
Solutions | Grade A – Rasmussen
True or false?
•
Acetylcholinesterase stimulates the release of acetylcholine (ACh).
False.
Rationale: Acetylcholinesterase breaks down ACh, resulting in relaxation of the skeletal muscle.
After being thrown off the back of a bull, a bull rider can move his arms but has loss of motor
function in the lumbar and sacral segments of the spinal cord. This is referred to as:
a. Tetraplegia
b. Quadriplegia
c. Paraplegia
d. Anterior cord syndrome
c. Paraplegia
What disease results from the degeneration of the dopamine nigrostriatal system of the basal
ganglia?
a. Parkinson disease
b. Huntington disease
,c. Guillain-Barré syndrome
d. Myasthenia gravis
a. Parkinson disease
Which disease is a result of basal ganglia dysfunction?
A.Myasthenia gravis
B.Multiple sclerosis
C.Polio
D.Tourette syndrome
D. Tourette syndrome
Rationale: The tics and hyperkinesia that often accompany Tourette syndrome are typical of
basal ganglion dysfunction (the function of the basal ganglia is movement control).
Which disorder is caused by damage to both upper and lower motor neurons?
A.ALS
B.MS
C.Myasthenia gravis
D.Parkinson
A. ALS
Rationale: Also known as Lou Gehrig disease, ALS is the result of damage to both upper and
lower motor neurons. Typical S/S include weakness, lack of motor control, denervation atrophy,
and hyporeflexia.
, Which two substances are needed by the mitochondria in order to produce ATP?
A.O2 and CO2
B.Glucose and O2
C.Glucose and fatty acids
D.Proteins and monosaccharides
B. Glucose and O2
Rationale: Glucose and oxygen are necessary for ATP production. Without ATP, no physiologic
work can be done—the cells, and eventually the organism, will die. When oxygen is not
available, anaerobic pathways are used, creating lactic acid that also damages the cell.
True or false?
•
Increased ICP results in primary brain injury.
False
•
Rationale: Increased pressure in the brain leads to secondary brain injury (there is nowhere for
the pressure to be released because the brain is encased in bone). Primary brain injury is caused
by trauma.
All of the following are true EXCEPT:
a. Increased ICP can cause herniation and hydrocephalus
b. Ischemia is the most common cause of primary brain injury
c. Hematomas result from vascular injury and bleeding
Pathophysiology| Latest 2025/ 2026 Update |
Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct
Solutions | Grade A – Rasmussen
True or false?
•
Acetylcholinesterase stimulates the release of acetylcholine (ACh).
False.
Rationale: Acetylcholinesterase breaks down ACh, resulting in relaxation of the skeletal muscle.
After being thrown off the back of a bull, a bull rider can move his arms but has loss of motor
function in the lumbar and sacral segments of the spinal cord. This is referred to as:
a. Tetraplegia
b. Quadriplegia
c. Paraplegia
d. Anterior cord syndrome
c. Paraplegia
What disease results from the degeneration of the dopamine nigrostriatal system of the basal
ganglia?
a. Parkinson disease
b. Huntington disease
,c. Guillain-Barré syndrome
d. Myasthenia gravis
a. Parkinson disease
Which disease is a result of basal ganglia dysfunction?
A.Myasthenia gravis
B.Multiple sclerosis
C.Polio
D.Tourette syndrome
D. Tourette syndrome
Rationale: The tics and hyperkinesia that often accompany Tourette syndrome are typical of
basal ganglion dysfunction (the function of the basal ganglia is movement control).
Which disorder is caused by damage to both upper and lower motor neurons?
A.ALS
B.MS
C.Myasthenia gravis
D.Parkinson
A. ALS
Rationale: Also known as Lou Gehrig disease, ALS is the result of damage to both upper and
lower motor neurons. Typical S/S include weakness, lack of motor control, denervation atrophy,
and hyporeflexia.
, Which two substances are needed by the mitochondria in order to produce ATP?
A.O2 and CO2
B.Glucose and O2
C.Glucose and fatty acids
D.Proteins and monosaccharides
B. Glucose and O2
Rationale: Glucose and oxygen are necessary for ATP production. Without ATP, no physiologic
work can be done—the cells, and eventually the organism, will die. When oxygen is not
available, anaerobic pathways are used, creating lactic acid that also damages the cell.
True or false?
•
Increased ICP results in primary brain injury.
False
•
Rationale: Increased pressure in the brain leads to secondary brain injury (there is nowhere for
the pressure to be released because the brain is encased in bone). Primary brain injury is caused
by trauma.
All of the following are true EXCEPT:
a. Increased ICP can cause herniation and hydrocephalus
b. Ischemia is the most common cause of primary brain injury
c. Hematomas result from vascular injury and bleeding
