SKI PATROL FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
Chapter 1 (History) -
chapters covered - ANS 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 30, 31, 32, 33
creation of nsp - ANS to provide a standard of training for OEC technicians
founder of nsp - ANS Minnie Dole created NSP in 1938 after suffering ankle fracture at Stowe
Independence of nsp - ANS split from national ski association in 1953
charter of nsp - ANS received federal charter from US and must report to congress
creed of nsp - ANS "service and safety"
10th mtn division - ANS Minnie Dole convinced Army a winter warfare unit would be valuable
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,focus of nsp - ANS training through medical scenarios, assessment, stabilization,
documentation
ethics of nsp - ANS 1. respect autonomy, 2. do no harm (nonmaleficance), 3. benefit others
(beneficence), 4. be just and faithful
Good Samaritan laws - ANS protect a person from legal liability when the person volunteers
to perform an act on someone else
doctrine of public reliance - ANS public has reasonable expectation that OEC can provide first
aid
Duty to act - ANS legal obligation to provide help/care
abandonment - ANS to withdraw aid in spite of duty
provide care until - ANS 1. all care that is required has been given, 2. injured person has been
transferrd to another caregiver, 3. patient no longer wants care, 4. patient is transported to
medical facility, 5. continuing care threatens safety of caregiver
negligence - ANS failure to exercise the care that a reasonable person with similar training
would exercise in a similar circumstance
standard of training vs. care - ANS training refers to information in book while care refers to
training plus local medical protocols
types of consent - ANS 1. expressed, person gives permission, 2. informed, person gives
consent after explanation and knowledge of consequences, 3. implied, consent is not granted
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,because person is incapable (AMS, unconscious, minor), 4. minor consent, parent or guardian
gives consent for minor if present
refusal of care - ANS person understands consequences, has capacity to understand medical
problems, and is legally allowed to make decisions regarding medical care
Chapter 2 (Emergency Care Systems) - ANS
emergency care system - ANS network of specially trained personnel, equipment, facilities,
and other resources that respond to medical emergencies
future - ANS maintain and improve standard of care
emergency personnel - ANS EMR, EMT, AEMT, paramedics/nurses/physicians
scope of practice - ANS set of rules, regulations, and ethical considerations that define the
extent and boundaries of a prehospital provider's duties
prehospital provider - ANS a person who is specially trained to vender care outside a facility
continuity of care - ANS seamless delivery of care from initial contact through definitive
treatment, communication and communality are key (goals, language, practices)
medical oversight - ANS process by which a physician monitors the quality of care rendered,
1. direct, real time contact with physician, 2. indirect, care does not require contact
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, quality improvement - ANS 1. prospective, prevent problems before they occur, 2.
concurrent, take corrective actions and prevent in real time, 3. retrospective, address after
occurrence
Chapter 3 (Rescue Basics) - ANS
homeostasis - ANS the body's ability to regulate its inner environment to ensure stability and
to respond to changes in the outside environment
heat transfer - ANS 1. conduction, direct contact, 2. convection, gas or liquid moves past
surface, 3. radiation, heat leaves through infrared waves, 4. evaporation, heat leaves when
liquid converts to gas
fight or flight - ANS autonomic nervous system response, epinephrine released
immune response - ANS state of being protected from a disease, especially infectious
pathogen - ANS an infectious agent that can cause disease or illness
working outdoors - ANS 1. environment, 2. mental preparation, 3. physical fitness, 4.
equipment (base, middle, outer layers)
transmission of disease - ANS 1. direct contact, 2. indirect contact, 3. airborne, 4. vector
borne (insects), 5. ingestion
bodily substance isolation (BSI) - ANS practice of isolating bodily substances to decrease
disease transmission
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
Chapter 1 (History) -
chapters covered - ANS 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, 19, 20, 30, 31, 32, 33
creation of nsp - ANS to provide a standard of training for OEC technicians
founder of nsp - ANS Minnie Dole created NSP in 1938 after suffering ankle fracture at Stowe
Independence of nsp - ANS split from national ski association in 1953
charter of nsp - ANS received federal charter from US and must report to congress
creed of nsp - ANS "service and safety"
10th mtn division - ANS Minnie Dole convinced Army a winter warfare unit would be valuable
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,focus of nsp - ANS training through medical scenarios, assessment, stabilization,
documentation
ethics of nsp - ANS 1. respect autonomy, 2. do no harm (nonmaleficance), 3. benefit others
(beneficence), 4. be just and faithful
Good Samaritan laws - ANS protect a person from legal liability when the person volunteers
to perform an act on someone else
doctrine of public reliance - ANS public has reasonable expectation that OEC can provide first
aid
Duty to act - ANS legal obligation to provide help/care
abandonment - ANS to withdraw aid in spite of duty
provide care until - ANS 1. all care that is required has been given, 2. injured person has been
transferrd to another caregiver, 3. patient no longer wants care, 4. patient is transported to
medical facility, 5. continuing care threatens safety of caregiver
negligence - ANS failure to exercise the care that a reasonable person with similar training
would exercise in a similar circumstance
standard of training vs. care - ANS training refers to information in book while care refers to
training plus local medical protocols
types of consent - ANS 1. expressed, person gives permission, 2. informed, person gives
consent after explanation and knowledge of consequences, 3. implied, consent is not granted
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,because person is incapable (AMS, unconscious, minor), 4. minor consent, parent or guardian
gives consent for minor if present
refusal of care - ANS person understands consequences, has capacity to understand medical
problems, and is legally allowed to make decisions regarding medical care
Chapter 2 (Emergency Care Systems) - ANS
emergency care system - ANS network of specially trained personnel, equipment, facilities,
and other resources that respond to medical emergencies
future - ANS maintain and improve standard of care
emergency personnel - ANS EMR, EMT, AEMT, paramedics/nurses/physicians
scope of practice - ANS set of rules, regulations, and ethical considerations that define the
extent and boundaries of a prehospital provider's duties
prehospital provider - ANS a person who is specially trained to vender care outside a facility
continuity of care - ANS seamless delivery of care from initial contact through definitive
treatment, communication and communality are key (goals, language, practices)
medical oversight - ANS process by which a physician monitors the quality of care rendered,
1. direct, real time contact with physician, 2. indirect, care does not require contact
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, quality improvement - ANS 1. prospective, prevent problems before they occur, 2.
concurrent, take corrective actions and prevent in real time, 3. retrospective, address after
occurrence
Chapter 3 (Rescue Basics) - ANS
homeostasis - ANS the body's ability to regulate its inner environment to ensure stability and
to respond to changes in the outside environment
heat transfer - ANS 1. conduction, direct contact, 2. convection, gas or liquid moves past
surface, 3. radiation, heat leaves through infrared waves, 4. evaporation, heat leaves when
liquid converts to gas
fight or flight - ANS autonomic nervous system response, epinephrine released
immune response - ANS state of being protected from a disease, especially infectious
pathogen - ANS an infectious agent that can cause disease or illness
working outdoors - ANS 1. environment, 2. mental preparation, 3. physical fitness, 4.
equipment (base, middle, outer layers)
transmission of disease - ANS 1. direct contact, 2. indirect contact, 3. airborne, 4. vector
borne (insects), 5. ingestion
bodily substance isolation (BSI) - ANS practice of isolating bodily substances to decrease
disease transmission
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
