Leigh
NSG 321 EXAM PREP | MOBILITY, POSITIONING, ADLS, FALL PREVENTION
QUESTIONS W/ HIGHLIGHTED ANSWERS & RATIONALES
1. The nurse is assessing a patient’s ability to perform Activities of Daily Living
(ADLs). Which action BEST reflects an ADL?
A. Managing finances
B. Eating independently
C. Driving to the store
D. Preparing meals
Correct Answer: B. Eating independently
Rationale: ADLs include eating, bathing, dressing, toileting, and transferring.
Managing finances and meal prep are IADLs (instrumental ADLs).
2. The nurse explains that isotonic exercise involves which action?
A. Muscle tension without movement
B. Muscle shortening that creates movement
C. Stretching muscles without contraction
D. External force–driven movement
Correct Answer: B. Muscle shortening that creates movement
Rationale: Isotonic exercise means muscles contract and shorten, producing
movement (e.g., walking, lifting). Isometric involves tension without shortening.
3. A patient demonstrates increased muscle weakness. The nurse documents
this as:
A. Paralysis
B. Paresis
C. Atrophy
D. Tetany
Correct Answer: B. Paresis
,Leigh
Rationale: Paresis is partial muscle weakness. Paralysis is complete loss of
movement. Atrophy is muscle wasting.
4. A patient displays weakness on only the left side of the body. This is
documented as:
A. Paraplegia
B. Hemiparesis
C. Quadriparesis
D. Hemiplegia
Correct Answer: B. Hemiparesis
Rationale: Hemiparesis = weakness on one side. Hemiplegia = paralysis on one
side.
5. Loss of motor function on one side of the body due to neural damage is
known as:
A. Tetraparesis
B. Paralysis
C. Ataxia
D. Contracture
Correct Answer: B. Paralysis
Rationale: Paralysis is complete loss of voluntary movement due to neurological
damage.
6. At 3–6 months of age, infants should be able to:
A. Pull to stand
B. Sit with head control
C. Walk with assistance
D. Roll both ways
, Leigh
Correct Answer: B. Sit with head control
Rationale: Head control develops by 3–4 months; sitting begins around 6 months.
7. At 6–9 months, the nurse expects the infant to:
A. Crawl
B. Sit steadily and roll over
C. Walk independently
D. Stand without support
Correct Answer: B. Sit steadily and roll over
Rationale: Rolling and supported sitting occur around 6–9 months.
8. The nurse assesses an infant at 10 months. Which milestone is expected?
A. Independent walking
B. Progressing toward walking
C. Jumping
D. Climbing stairs
Correct Answer: B. Progressing toward walking
Rationale: Cruising and pull-to-stand typically occur at 9–12 months.
9. By 15 months, a child is expected to:
A. Crawl
B. Walk without assistance
C. Hop on one foot
D. Run
Correct Answer: B. Walk without assistance
Rationale: Most toddlers walk independently by 12–15 months.
NSG 321 EXAM PREP | MOBILITY, POSITIONING, ADLS, FALL PREVENTION
QUESTIONS W/ HIGHLIGHTED ANSWERS & RATIONALES
1. The nurse is assessing a patient’s ability to perform Activities of Daily Living
(ADLs). Which action BEST reflects an ADL?
A. Managing finances
B. Eating independently
C. Driving to the store
D. Preparing meals
Correct Answer: B. Eating independently
Rationale: ADLs include eating, bathing, dressing, toileting, and transferring.
Managing finances and meal prep are IADLs (instrumental ADLs).
2. The nurse explains that isotonic exercise involves which action?
A. Muscle tension without movement
B. Muscle shortening that creates movement
C. Stretching muscles without contraction
D. External force–driven movement
Correct Answer: B. Muscle shortening that creates movement
Rationale: Isotonic exercise means muscles contract and shorten, producing
movement (e.g., walking, lifting). Isometric involves tension without shortening.
3. A patient demonstrates increased muscle weakness. The nurse documents
this as:
A. Paralysis
B. Paresis
C. Atrophy
D. Tetany
Correct Answer: B. Paresis
,Leigh
Rationale: Paresis is partial muscle weakness. Paralysis is complete loss of
movement. Atrophy is muscle wasting.
4. A patient displays weakness on only the left side of the body. This is
documented as:
A. Paraplegia
B. Hemiparesis
C. Quadriparesis
D. Hemiplegia
Correct Answer: B. Hemiparesis
Rationale: Hemiparesis = weakness on one side. Hemiplegia = paralysis on one
side.
5. Loss of motor function on one side of the body due to neural damage is
known as:
A. Tetraparesis
B. Paralysis
C. Ataxia
D. Contracture
Correct Answer: B. Paralysis
Rationale: Paralysis is complete loss of voluntary movement due to neurological
damage.
6. At 3–6 months of age, infants should be able to:
A. Pull to stand
B. Sit with head control
C. Walk with assistance
D. Roll both ways
, Leigh
Correct Answer: B. Sit with head control
Rationale: Head control develops by 3–4 months; sitting begins around 6 months.
7. At 6–9 months, the nurse expects the infant to:
A. Crawl
B. Sit steadily and roll over
C. Walk independently
D. Stand without support
Correct Answer: B. Sit steadily and roll over
Rationale: Rolling and supported sitting occur around 6–9 months.
8. The nurse assesses an infant at 10 months. Which milestone is expected?
A. Independent walking
B. Progressing toward walking
C. Jumping
D. Climbing stairs
Correct Answer: B. Progressing toward walking
Rationale: Cruising and pull-to-stand typically occur at 9–12 months.
9. By 15 months, a child is expected to:
A. Crawl
B. Walk without assistance
C. Hop on one foot
D. Run
Correct Answer: B. Walk without assistance
Rationale: Most toddlers walk independently by 12–15 months.
